Underresourced or socially excluded communities in Manchester, England demonstrate active use of information technologies despite continuing digital inequalities.A systematic look at 31 grassroots community groups, at...Underresourced or socially excluded communities in Manchester, England demonstrate active use of information technologies despite continuing digital inequalities.A systematic look at 31 grassroots community groups, at how they use IT and who helps them, reveals possible mechanisms towards a more inclusive network society. Social network and social capital theories help make apparent how people are self-organizing with respect to information technology in ways that reach across ethnicity, class, gender, and generations for skilled help, yet stay close to their strong-tie, bonding-social-capital networks, relying largely on people in their own communities. Based on 25 measures of IT use, the groups fall into three progressively more extensive categories: Downloaders(using computers and the Internet, particularly e-mails), uploaders(maintaining a group web presence), and cyberorganizers(helping others to become uploaders or downloaders). These categories align with each individual group's purpose.展开更多
Pakistan is one of the most important players as well as a playground frontier of the global war on terrorism beginning from September 11 to the present. In this paper we delineate the complexities of the war against ...Pakistan is one of the most important players as well as a playground frontier of the global war on terrorism beginning from September 11 to the present. In this paper we delineate the complexities of the war against terrorism taking a social network approach. The paper argues that one of the main challenges for fighting terrorism in places such as Pakistan is the social network ties which exit between the different constituencies, sometimes constituencies which are seemingly on opposing sides. The paper uses social capital of organizations to map the capital and liabilities of strong and weak ties between the Pakistani intelligence service (ISI) and the Taliban and how they change over time.展开更多
Human behavior and their social interactions can be quantified and modeled with the use of smart phones and any wearable badges which senses and captures real-life interactions. In traditional social sciences, such in...Human behavior and their social interactions can be quantified and modeled with the use of smart phones and any wearable badges which senses and captures real-life interactions. In traditional social sciences, such information was gathered by conducting surveys. However in digital era, smart phones are regarded as a popular tool which automatically senses much human information to quantify our lives. Reality mining gives a clear picture of a human being and its social relations. Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a powerful research tool which provides a comprehensive analysis on ego-alters communications with their individual productivity within a community. In this paper, various popular measures of social network analysis have used to study a closed community through their mobile call logs for a period of time. We experimented various social network measures both on daily basis and also over a period of time. The pattern shows that the relationships and interaction between ego-alter ties have more productive benefits. Using Pearsoncorrelation analysis, we observed that significant (positive) correlation exists between various network properties and their productivity. Results showed that degree (size) has the strongest positive correlation with average productivity, followed by effective size, efficiency, constraint, hierarchy, and k-core of an individual. Density and betweenness centrality have a weak, negative correlation with productivity. Hence social capital has a significant influence on human productivity.展开更多
As an important channel for start-ups to obtain R&D funds and external knowledge and information resources,and as one of the key methods for investment institutions to leverage scale and synergy effects to enhance...As an important channel for start-ups to obtain R&D funds and external knowledge and information resources,and as one of the key methods for investment institutions to leverage scale and synergy effects to enhance investment returns,venture capital syndication holds significant research value in the field of venture capital.This paper reviews the literature,summarizing the motivations behind the formation of joint investment networks,the conceptual characteristics of the three core theories of social network theory,and the empirical research on venture capital syndication within the framework of social network theory.It also highlights the existing research results,identifies gaps,and anticipates future research directions.展开更多
基金supported by the Manchester Digital Development Agency,the University of Manchester Ahmed Iqbal Race Relations Resource Center,the University of Michigan Non-Profit and Public Management Center and the Alliance for Community Technology
文摘Underresourced or socially excluded communities in Manchester, England demonstrate active use of information technologies despite continuing digital inequalities.A systematic look at 31 grassroots community groups, at how they use IT and who helps them, reveals possible mechanisms towards a more inclusive network society. Social network and social capital theories help make apparent how people are self-organizing with respect to information technology in ways that reach across ethnicity, class, gender, and generations for skilled help, yet stay close to their strong-tie, bonding-social-capital networks, relying largely on people in their own communities. Based on 25 measures of IT use, the groups fall into three progressively more extensive categories: Downloaders(using computers and the Internet, particularly e-mails), uploaders(maintaining a group web presence), and cyberorganizers(helping others to become uploaders or downloaders). These categories align with each individual group's purpose.
文摘Pakistan is one of the most important players as well as a playground frontier of the global war on terrorism beginning from September 11 to the present. In this paper we delineate the complexities of the war against terrorism taking a social network approach. The paper argues that one of the main challenges for fighting terrorism in places such as Pakistan is the social network ties which exit between the different constituencies, sometimes constituencies which are seemingly on opposing sides. The paper uses social capital of organizations to map the capital and liabilities of strong and weak ties between the Pakistani intelligence service (ISI) and the Taliban and how they change over time.
文摘Human behavior and their social interactions can be quantified and modeled with the use of smart phones and any wearable badges which senses and captures real-life interactions. In traditional social sciences, such information was gathered by conducting surveys. However in digital era, smart phones are regarded as a popular tool which automatically senses much human information to quantify our lives. Reality mining gives a clear picture of a human being and its social relations. Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a powerful research tool which provides a comprehensive analysis on ego-alters communications with their individual productivity within a community. In this paper, various popular measures of social network analysis have used to study a closed community through their mobile call logs for a period of time. We experimented various social network measures both on daily basis and also over a period of time. The pattern shows that the relationships and interaction between ego-alter ties have more productive benefits. Using Pearsoncorrelation analysis, we observed that significant (positive) correlation exists between various network properties and their productivity. Results showed that degree (size) has the strongest positive correlation with average productivity, followed by effective size, efficiency, constraint, hierarchy, and k-core of an individual. Density and betweenness centrality have a weak, negative correlation with productivity. Hence social capital has a significant influence on human productivity.
基金Exploration and Practice of Training Model Based on the Whole Career Cycle of Enterprise Employees(Grant no.2023520500240155)。
文摘As an important channel for start-ups to obtain R&D funds and external knowledge and information resources,and as one of the key methods for investment institutions to leverage scale and synergy effects to enhance investment returns,venture capital syndication holds significant research value in the field of venture capital.This paper reviews the literature,summarizing the motivations behind the formation of joint investment networks,the conceptual characteristics of the three core theories of social network theory,and the empirical research on venture capital syndication within the framework of social network theory.It also highlights the existing research results,identifies gaps,and anticipates future research directions.
