Formulation of Work-Study Combined and Result-Oriented Integrated Curriculum Standards

According to the Annex Technical Regulations for Integrated Curriculum Development(Trial)in Document No.30 of the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security(2012),this paper studies the formulation of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production.We focus on the formulation ideas of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production,the formulation process of the curriculum standards for the integration of Chinese medicinal materials production,including the description of typical work tasks,the determination of curriculum objectives,the analysis of study content,the description of referential study tasks,teaching implementation suggestions,assessment and evaluation suggestions,which can provide a reference for the development and research of other related integrated courses.

Scanning proton microprobe microanalysis for the assessmentof homogeneity of IAEA urban dust reference materials

In order to develop new reference materials for microanalytical nuclear techniques, scanning proton microprobe (SPM) technique was used to determine homogeneity level within 100×200 μm 2 micro area on the small pieces of IAEA urban dust reference materials. The experimental methods were described in detail. The results show that IAEA 396A/M Vienna urban dust is homogeneous enough for small sample analysis of standard reference material (SRM).

Application of Coulometric Titration for the Certification of Primary Reference Materials of Pure Substances

In this article, the block scheme and metrological characteristics of the State primary standard of the mass (molar) fraction and mass (molar) concentration of the component in the liquid and solid substances and materials based on coulometric titration GET 176-2010 are given. Primary reference materials certified by coulometric titration in the Ural Scientific and Research Institute for Metrology include eight certified reference materials (CRMs) of pure solid substances (mostly salts of sodium or potassium) and one hydrochloric acid solution CRM. The metrological characteristics of these reference materials and the scheme of their application in titrimetric analysis are shown. The expanded uncertainty of the certified value (mass fraction for the solid substances or molar concentration for the solution) is in the range from 0.018% to 0.05%. Information about two primary reference materials of high purity iron and lead nitrate certified by controlled-potential coulometry with expanded uncertainty from 0.04% to 0.07% is also given.

Structural Foundation and Geometry of the Material Singularity (and Its Quantum Entanglement)

In this paper we develop and study, as the second part of one more general development, the energy transmutation equation for the material singularity, previously obtained through the symmetrisation of a wave packet, that is, we develop the correlation between the terms of this equation, which accounts for the formation of matter from a previous vibrational state, and the different possible energy species. These energetic species are ascribed, in a simplified form, to the equation E¯ω=E¯k+E¯f, which allows us, through its associated phase factor, to gain an insight into the wave character of the kinetic energy and thus to attain the basis of the matter-wave, and all sorts of related phenomenologies, including that concerning quantum entanglement. The formation of the matter was previously identified as an energetic process, analogous to the kinetic one, in which finally the inertial mass is consolidated as a mass in a different phase, now, in addition, the mass of the material singularity is identified as a volumetric density of waves of toroidal geometry created in the process of singularisation or energy transfer between species, which makes it possible to establish the real relation or correspondence between the corpuscular and photonic energy equation (E=mc2=hν), i.e. to explain through m the intimate sense of the first equivalence, which explains what νis in the second one.

The development of Fructus corni quality standard considering the effects of processing

The quality standards for Fructus Comi have been established based on the effects of the manufacturing processes.Three critical process parameters(CPPs)of extraction,filtration,and concentration to prepare Fructus Comi concentrate were identified by Plackett-Burman design with a single batch of Fructus Corni,which were heating medium temperature,extraction time,and water addition.Morroniside yield,loganin yield,and dry matter yield were process critical quality attributes(CQAs).CPPs arranged with a Box-Behnken design were applied to treat different batches of Fructus Comi After constructing a model that included CPPs,material propertie s,and process CQAs,loganin content was found to be the critical material attribute(CMA).The design space was calculated with a probability method.According to the limits of process CQAs,the minimum content of loganin in Fructus Corni was calculated with an error propagation method,which was 6.92 mg·g^(-1).When the content of loganin in Fructus Corni reaches up to 6.92 mg·g^(-1),the material is considered high-quality and is most suitable for the process.High-quality material can be used for production of Fructus Comi concentrate.This method can also be used to set material quality standards for other Chinese medicines.

PREPARATION AND CERTIFICATION OF THE HUMAN HAIR REFERENCE MATERIAL

The preparation of the human hair reference material and the steps taken to confirm its homogeneity and stability as well as its certificatipn are described. Certified values for 17 elements, which are of importance for human health, and reference values for the other 13 elements are provided for this material.

Preparation of bovine liver candidate reference material

The bovine liver candidate reference material specially for micro analytical techniques was prepared. The preparation process including material collection, dried, pulverize, sieve, homogenization and preliminary test was described in detail. The more effective grinding methods were established to achieve the median particle size of 22μm.

Viscosity Transient Phenomenon in Drop Impact Testing of Soft Material

The authors carried out drop impact tests for several soft materials under a flat frontal impact condition in which a drop hammer with a flat bottom surface strikes a plate-like soft material in the normal direction. The experimental results indicated that the impact force waveforms of soft materials consisted of a thorn-shaped waveform and a subsequent mountain-shaped waveform. The thorn-shaped waveform was strongly affected by the strain rate. In the present study, the occurrence mechanism of this distinctive waveform was discussed from the viewpoint of the viscosity transient phenomenon. A standard linear solid (SLS) model in which the viscosity transient phenomenon was considered was applied to the simulation. Some features of the impact force waveform of soft materials could be explained by the SLS model. Furthermore, the thorn-shape waveform could also be observed in the impact force waveforms of human skin and free-falling hollow balls.

Influence of Gas Composition on the Resisting Ability of Gunning Material for Blast Furnace to Carbon Monoxide Corrosion

This paper describes the resisting ability of gunning material for blast furnace to carbon monoxide corrosion under the mixed gas condition through inletting hydrogen into pure CO . A standard for testing ike resisting ability of refractory to CO corrosion with mixed gas instead of pure CO has also been discussed. The results show : the addition of hydrogen accelerates the CO corrosion on gunning material ; the same results has been reached with the CO , 200 hours and CO 95 % + H2 5 % , 24 hours. It is reasonable to use CO 95% + H25% , 24 hours instead of pure CO, 200 hours to lest the resisting ability of refractory to carbon monoxide corrosion.

A Preliminary Study on the Quality Standard of Raphanus sativus L. Produced in Guizhou Province

[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the Raphanus sativus L.medicinal materials from different origins and batches in Guizhou Province to explore its quality standards.[Methods]The plant morphology,material shape and microscopic characteristics of R.sativus were identified;and qualitative identification was performed by the TLC method.[Results]The plant morphology,material shape and microscopic characteristics of the R.sativus medicinal materials were described;and the TLC identification method of the R.sativus medicinal materials was established,with clear spots,good separation,and good specificity.[Conclusions]The method is accurate,simple,highly sensitive,interference-free,has good reproducibility,and can be used as a data support for the formulation of quality standards for R.sativus medicinal materials.

Analysis of the standardization application of MRP in SMEs

Order-oriented production is the main production method of some small and mediumsized enterprises(SMEs),which not only indicates that customer demand becomes the vane of enterprise production,but also puts high demands on the flexibility of production.Material requirements planning(MRP)is a modern enterprise management method based on basic databill of materials(BOM).For order-driven SMEs,MRP not only helps enterprises to complete material delivery in a timely manner,but also provides flexibility to meet customer needs.Standardization and MRP complement each other in enterprise operation,and they are effective in solving problems such as untimely material supply,undetermined procurement timing,and supply chain system jams.By studying the standardization application of MRP in enterprises,the article not only optimizes the standardization management system of enterprises,but also contributes to the high-quality development of SMEs.

饮用水中5种金属元素混合标准物质研制

以准确定值的铍、镍、钼、钡和铊5种单元素标准样品和二次纯化水为原料,制备饮用水中5种金属元素混合标准物质。采用单因素方差分析法检验均匀性、评价短期稳定性和长期稳定性,由6家实验室采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法联合定值,评定定值不确定度。结果表明,制备的饮用水中铍、镍、钼、钡和铊5种金属元素混合标准物质具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,在较极端温度下(40℃和-40℃)可稳定保存14 d,常温下可稳定保存至少12个月,联合定值结果铍质量浓度为(9.48±0.45) mg/L,镍质量浓度为(9.52±0.32) mg/L,钼质量浓度为(9.38±0.32) mg/L,钡质量浓度为(9.47±0.28) mg/L,铊质量浓度为(9.26±0.27) mg/L,可作为实验室水质监测内部质控品使用。

紫外可见波长溶液标准物质的研制

以紫外可见区无吸收的高氯酸溶液作为空白基体,利用稀土元素钬和钕在紫外可见光区丰富的光谱特征吸收,研制一种可以覆盖200~900nm的紫外可见区的波长溶液标准物质。采用对峰值点附近进行3次样条插值进行数据处理,并以插值后的峰值数据作为峰值波长,分辨力可到小数点后两位。经过均匀性和稳定性检验,由9家实验室采用高精度紫外可见分光光度计对该标准物质进行协同定值,并进行不确定度评定。结果表明,该标准物质均匀性良好,在25℃下保存稳定性在1年以上。该标准物质可应用于光谱光度测量仪器的波长校准和期间核查等。

中国与美国环境空气监测用标气管理比较与经验启示

中国生态环境监测事权上收改革后,生态环境监测工作实施的主体呈现多元化发展趋势,作为生态环境监测关键“量具”的气体标准物质/标准样品涉及的制造商日趋多元化,其量值准确性和一致性直接影响中国大气环境监测数据的准确性和可比性。为掌握并提升中国生态环境监测在用气体标准物质/标准样品质量,总结了美国环境监测气体标准管理经验,提出中国气体监测用标准物质/标准样品管理建议,助力实现中国大气环境监测数据真、准、全、快、新。

职业教育数字教材建设与应用探析

职业教育数字化教材建设与应用前景广阔。通过对职业教育数字教材定义的辨析和梳理,以及将其和类似的教育信息化产品进行比较,厘清职业教育数字教材的概念和内涵,指出其应当具备特殊出版物特性、职业教育特点、数字化特征。进而,在回顾职业教育数字教材的发展与演进的基础上,阐述了其应当具备的三个层次功能。在刻画职业教育数字教材生态体系应具备的创作、审核、发布(发行)、应用的完整闭环,并涵盖作者服务、读者服务、管理者服务、出版者内部流程和线上编审校服务系统的基础上,提出建设普惠性标准化的数字教材出版平台,开发不同类型不同层次的数字化教材产品的工作要点。之后,辨析了其与新型活页式教材、工作手册式教材的不同点与整合创新的意义。梳理总结了此类教材的开发基本原则和主要策略。最后,从内容彰显职教特点、数字资源规范化开发、建立开发流程标准、建设质量评价体系四个方面提出了标准和规范化的开发策略。

美国可持续航空燃料发展对我国的启示

应用可持续航空燃料(SAF)被航空业界认为是最具潜力的碳减排措施,到2050年航空业65%的碳减排将通过使用SAF来实现。美国希望凭借领先的工艺技术、充足且丰富的原材料以及补贴政策的有效激励,成为新兴SAF市场的全球领导者。未来具有较大发展前景的SAF技术路线包括酯类和脂肪酸类加氢工艺(HEFA)、费托合成工艺(FT合成)、醇喷合成工艺(ATJ)、动力合成液体燃料工艺(PtL)。美国目前主要采用的是HEFA路线,但由于面临原料短缺问题,未来将逐渐被ATJ、FT合成等路线取代。美国每年约有10×10^(8)t的生物质能够可持续地生长或收集,其中将藻类转化为可再生燃料受到了美国极大的重视。美国针对SAF政策的特点是以鼓励性、支持性为主,主要运用财政补贴、税收减免等政策手段。中国是继美国之后的第二大航空市场,对SAF有着巨大的市场需求。我国可以借鉴美国的经验,尽早建立SAF产业联盟,重视SAF原料的创新,加大SAF炼制工艺认证和认证标准的建设力度,构建积极的产业政策和财税政策,而最重要的是加强重点技术方向的研发投入和支持力度,从而降低生产成本。

胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品的建立及溯源性研究

目的:对胱抑素C进行量值溯源性研究,研制胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品,建立用于胱抑素C检测试剂盒准确度评价的质量评价标准,提升检验检测水平。方法:以人血清样本为原料进行无菌分装、制备胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品,采用多实验室联合赋值的方法对胱抑素C国家标准品候选品进行赋值、标定,建立可溯源至国际标准物质ERM-DA471/IFCC的溯源链,并采用免疫比浊的方法对其均匀性、稳定性进行验证。结果:建立了包含2个水平量值的胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品,水平1为(0.94±0.03)mg·L^(-1)(k=2),水平2为(3.52±0.09)mg·L^(-1)(k=2)。该国家标准品均匀性和稳定性良好。30天短期稳定性研究结果显示,室温条件下,国家标准品(水平1和水平2)可稳定5天;2~8℃条件下,水平1可稳定10天,水平2可稳定20天;-20℃条件下,水平1和水平2均至少可稳定30天。溯源准确性采用血清参考盘和临床血清样本进行验证,研究结果显示,该国家标准品和国际标准品ERM-DA471/IFCC具有良好的溯源性。结论:通过对胱抑素C进行量值溯源性研究,研制出胱抑素C冰冻人血清国家标准品(360046-202001),并获得批准向社会提供,可用于人血清中胱抑素C检测试剂盒正确度评价及临床实验室检测系统量值准确性评价。

耐火材料标准化工程应用型人才培养模式探索与实践

标准化是材料产业提质增效的重要措施,标准化工程应用型人才稀缺是制约材料行业标准化工作推进的主要原因。本文基于耐火材料行业发展趋势及武汉科技大学在耐火材料行业中的特殊地位,分析了我国标准化工程应用型人才培养现状,结合新发展形势下耐火材料行业对标准化人才的需求,从课程体系设计、实践平台建设及师资队伍培养等方面探索标准化工程应用型人才培养模式,以实现耐火材料专业教学与标准化教育的有机融合,为标准化促进耐火材料行业发展提供强大支撑。

材料科学实验教学的探索性与标准化--以先进二维材料制备与应用实验教学改革为例

实验教学是材料科学教学过程中的重要环节,原有的材料科学实验教学以经典材料实验为对象,不足以培养学生对新材料的研究兴趣,也不能满足培养高素质人才的教学目标。各高校都开展了新材料的探索性实验教学,这些新材料的出现时间不超过20年,对其性质的探索尚不完全,其制备、表征和应用都还在持续进行,因此,出现了实验教学流程不标准、教学实验结果不标准和实验成绩评价不标准的情况。鉴于此,以新型二维材料——石墨烯的制备与应用探索性实验教学为例,提出标准化的探索性实验教学流程、标准化的实验教学效果评估等改革方案,为培养高水平的材料人才打下坚实基础,也为开展新型标准化实验提供参考。