Maneuvering target state estimation based on separate model-ing of target trajectory shape and dynamic characteristics

The state estimation of a maneuvering target,of which the trajectory shape is independent on dynamic characteristics,is studied.The conventional motion models in Cartesian coordinates imply that the trajectory of a target is completely determined by its dynamic characteristics.However,this is not true in the applications of road-target,sea-route-target or flight route-target tracking,where target trajectory shape is uncoupled with target velocity properties.In this paper,a new estimation algorithm based on separate modeling of target trajectory shape and dynamic characteristics is proposed.The trajectory of a target over a sliding window is described by a linear function of the arc length.To determine the unknown target trajectory,an augmented system is derived by denoting the unknown coefficients of the function as states in mileage coordinates.At every estimation cycle except the first one,the interaction(mixing)stage of the proposed algorithm starts from the latest estimated base state and a recalculated parameter vector,which is determined by the least squares(LS).Numerical experiments are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve better performance than the conventional coupled model-based algorithms in the presence of target maneuvers.

Modulatory effect of International standard Scalp Acupuncture on brain activation in the elderly as revealed by resting-state fMRI

The specific mechanisms by which acupuncture affects the central nervous system are unclear. In the International Standard Scalp Acupuncture system, acupuncture needles are applied at the middle line of the vertex, anterior parietal-temporal oblique line, and the posterior parietal-temporal oblique line. We conducted a single-arm prospective clinical trial in which seven healthy elderly volunteers (three men and four women;50–70 years old) received International Standard Scalp Acupuncture at MS5 (the mid-sagittal line between Baihui (DU20) and Qianding (DU21)), the left MS6 (line joining Sishencong (EX-HN1) and Xuanli (GB6)), and the left MS7 (line joining DU20 and Qubin (GB7)). After acupuncture, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated changes in the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations and regional homogeneity in various areas, showing remarkable enhancement of regional homogeneity in the bilateral anterior cingulate, left medial frontal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus. Functional connectivity based on a seed region at the right middle frontal gyrus (42, 51, 9) decreased at the bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus. Our data preliminarily indicates that the international standard scalp acupuncture in healthy elderly participants specifcally enhances the correlation between the brain regions involved in cognition and implementation of the brain network regulation system and the surrounding adjacent brain regions. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the China-Japan Union Hospital at Jilin University, China, on July 18, 2016 (approval No. 2016ks043).

Determination of Hemobiochemical Profiles of Apparently Healthy Exotic Breed of Dogs in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

The hematological and serum biochemical profiles of apparently healthy exotic breed of dogs in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria was studied in this research. One hundred and seven exotic breed of dogs were examined from October - December, 2018. The results from physical, clinical examinations and parasitological examinations were used to determine apparently healthy exotic breed of dogs which were used in this study. The parameters measured were rectal temperature, parasitaemia, hematology which included red blood cells count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and hemoglobin content;total white blood cell count, including eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts, and platelets;serum biochemical parameters also included Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, globulin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol and triglyceride, using standard methods. Data generated from the study were statistically analyzed using students t-test one-way analysis of variance while the level of significance was measured at p < 0.05. From this study, hematological and serum biochemical values were comparable to and not different from those reported for dogs in available literature, but the upper and lower reference limits (minimum and maximum values) were different for most parameters. Sex-related significant difference (p < 0.05) occurred only in WBC and total protein while age-related significant difference occurred only in total protein and urea level. Breed affected the MCHC and total bilirubin level which was evident in higher MCHC level in Neapolitan mastiff than Alsatian breed while total bilirubin was higher in Alsatian breed than Bull mastiff (p < 0.05). The present study has presented preliminary information on the range of hematological and serum biochemistry profile of exotic breed of dogs in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria which may be useful to biomedical researchers and veterinary clinicians.

Evaluation of Probability Distribution Functions for Modeling Forest Tree Diameters on Agricultural Landscapes in Ogun State, Nigeria

The use of probability distribution functions for describing tree diameter at breast height provides useful information for forest resource evaluation and quantification. A series of probability distribution functions have been widely developed and applied for managing forest trees in conventional forest reserves without much consideration for trees outside forest reserves. The aim of this study is to evaluate and propose a suitable probability distribution function for trees in Agricultural landscapes. The study examined 3-parameter lognormal, Lognormal, 3-parameter Gamma, Gamma, 3-parameter Weibull and Weibull distribution functions, using the Maximum Likelihood method for fitting tree diameter at breast height. Three hundred and thirty-two temporary farmlands were randomly selected from which stem diameter of all living trees, with diameter ≥ 10.0 cm, were measured. Results of the statistical analysis showed that the 3-parameter lognormal distribution gave a superior description of the stem diameter with the least values of Anderson Darling (1.627) and Akaike Information Criterion (5962.0) statistics. Hence, the 3-parameter lognormal distribution function was found suitable for the stem diameter of trees in Agricultural landscapes in the study area.

Solving single-frequency phase ambiguity using parameter weights fitting and constrained equation ambiguity resolution methods

Based on the structural characteristics of the double-differenced normal equation, a new method was proposed to resolve the ambiguity float solution through a selection of parameter weights to construct an appropriate regularized matrix, and a singular decomposition method was used to generate regularization parameters. Numerical test results suggest that the regularized ambiguity float solution is more stable and reliable than the least-squares float solution. The mean square error matrix of the new method possesses a lower correlation than the variancecovariance matrix of the least-squares estimation. The size of the ambiguity search space is reduced and the search efficiency is improved. The success rate of the integer ambiguity searching process is improved significantly when the ambiguity resolution by using constraint equation method is used to determine the correct ambiguity integervector. The ambiguity resolution by using constraint equation method requires an initial input of the ambiguity float solution candidates which are obtained from the LAMBDA method in the new method. In addition, the observation time required to fix reliable integer ambiguities can he significantly reduced.

Manipulative skill competency and health-related physical fitnes in elementary school students

Background：Improving motor skill competency and enhancing health-related physical fitnes are desired learning outcomes for school-aged children.Achieving motor skill competency and a healthy level of physical fitnes lay a foundation for being a physically active person across a lifetime.The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between levels of manipulative skill competency and physical fitnes for elementary school boys and girls.Methods：In this study,565 fourth-grade students and their 9 physical education teachers were voluntary participants.The students were assessed in 4 basic specialized manipulative skills and 4 fitnes components during regular physical education lessons.Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics,univariate analyses,and multiple R2 liner regression methods.Results：Boys were more proficien at the manipulative skills than girls,while girls had significan higher percentages for meeting the healthy fitnes zone for the fitnes tests than boys.Four manipulative skills significant y predicted progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run（PACER）,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,but not curl-up test for both boys and girls.Boys and girls in the skill-competent group significant y outperformed their counterparts in the skill-incompetent group on PACER,push-up,and trunk lifts tests at p〈0.05 level,with an exception of curl-up test.Conclusion：The more competent in manipulative skills,the higher healthy level in cardiovascular endurance,upper-body muscular strength and endurance,and fl xibility the students demonstrated.Demonstrating manipulative skill competence and maintaining a healthy level of physical fitnes are 2 major desired learning outcomes for elementary school students to be able to achieve.

An Evolution Strategy for the Induction of Fuzzy Finite-State Automata

This paper presents an evolution strategy to induce fuzzy finite-state automata from examples of fuzzy languages. The coding, fitness function of a generated automaton and corresponding mutation operators are given respectively. The application example given at last shows the effectiveness of the proposed evolution strategy for automata induction.

从Fitness到Wellness——美国体适能与健康教育计划发展之历史考查及借鉴

美国的体适能研究始终坚持将体适能健康教育计划与学校体育课程内容的改革紧密结合在一起，在多维健康理念的指导下，其课程内容超越了发展身体能力的思维局限，将体适能运动的创造性与人的自然适应功能、个体生活质量及生命的自我表达的社会属性紧密的联系在一起。美国的体适能研究，无疑为我国学校体育课程改革与社会体育事业发展带来了新的思路与活力。

Age-related changes in resting-state functional connectivity in older adults

Age-related changes in the brain connectivity of healthy older adults have been widely studied in recent years,with some differences in the obtained results.Most of these studies showed decreases in general functional connectivity,but they also found increases in some particular regions and areas.Frequently,these studies compared young individuals with older subjects,but few studies compared different age groups only in older populations.The purpose of this study is to analyze whole-brain functional connectivity in healthy older adult groups and its network characteristics through functional segregation.A total of 114 individuals,48 to 89 years old,were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in a resting state paradigm and were divided into six different age groups(<60,60–64,65–69,70–74,75–79,≥80 years old).A partial correlation analysis,a pooled correlation analysis and a study of 3-cycle regions with prominent connectivity were conducted.Our results showed progressive diminution in the functional connectivity among different age groups and this was particularly pronounced between 75 and 79 years old.The oldest group(≥80 years old)showed a slight increase in functional connectivity compared to the other groups.This occurred possibly because of compensatory mechanism in brain functioning.This study provides information on the brain functional characteristics of every age group,with more specific information on the functional progressive decline,and supplies methodological tools to study functional connectivity characteristics.Approval for the study was obtained from the ethics committee of the Comision de Bioetica de la Universidad de Barcelona(approval No.PSI2012-38257)on June 5,2012,and from the ethics committee of the Barcelona’s Hospital Clinic(approval No.2009-5306 and 2011-6604)on October 22,2009 and April 7,2011 respectively.

澳大利亚Fit-4-Fun改善儿童健康体适能方案特征以及对我国小学生体育课堂教育启示

研究发现Fit-4-Fun(寓锻炼于乐)是一个具有改革性的学校方案,该计划是以证据为基础的行为改变策略,以持续时间和不同类型的体力活动。促进和支持健康体适能的强度,使用以游戏为主导的学习方式和活动刺激学生采取健康行为和策略。其理论基础来自于班杜拉的社会认知理论以及哈特的激励理论,用以提供儿童知识和技能,以进行行为改变,该计划还旨在促进发展和维持积极的参与者之间的行为和态度,以调节行为变化(如社会支持,自我效能,支持性环境,乐趣)。对我国小学体育教学的启示:1)彰显育人价值,让学生更加关注健康相关的知识;2)体育健康知识和实践的整合,促进二者共同发展,相互融合;3)优化评价体系,以学生为主导的自我评价;4)从实际场景出发-强调家庭与学校环境的支持。Fit-4-Fun计划的研究结果是为改善儿童健康体适能水平提供个有价值的信息,为未来我国可以大规模的实施提供了参考。

校阅在CAT与FIT中对受测者行为表现与状态焦虑水平的影响

校阅(review)对CAT中受测者心理影响的研究有利于CAT的推广应用。J.Oleat等研究者在CAT(computerizedadaptivetest,计算机自适应性测验)与FIT(fixed-itemtest,固定项目测验)中,将校阅(review)对受测者行为表现与状态焦虑水平的影响作了比较研究。实验结果表明,在允许校阅的环境中,受测者正确反应与被估计的能力水平显著增加,并且状态焦虑水平下降。本文对J.Oleat等研究者的主要研究成果进行了详细的评述,并进一步探讨了在CAT中增设校阅(review)环境的重要性和可能性。

A Change in Bathing Style May Improve Mental Fitness

Frequent bathtub bathing (BB) improves the mental health of middle-aged and older Japanese in-dividuals. This study investigated the chronic mental health effects of BB, maintaining warmth using an insulating sheet and sleeping bag after bathtub bathing (BBW), and bathtub bathing with herbal extracts (BBH) in healthy young adults. The study involved healthy young adults who habitually showered, as opposed to bathing. In the first experiment, 18 participants were randomly assigned to either the BB or BBW groups for 14 consecutive nights. After a 2-week washout period, the participants were asked to switch their bathing styles (a cross-over design). In the second experiment, 20 participants were randomly assigned to the BB or BBH group. The herbal extracts for the BBH group contained angelicae radix, aurantii nobilis pericarpium, chamomile, and zingiberis rhizoma. After a 2-week washout period, these participants also switched to the other bathing style. The participants’ mental conditions pre- and post-intervention were assessed using the Profile of Mood States-Brief Form questionnaire, Japanese version, and were statistically analyzed. The participants’ Anger-Hostility score converged to an average (50 points) in the post-BBW and post-BBH participants, and there were no significant differences in BB. The Confusion change rate was significantly different in the first experiment (BB versus BBW). The Depression-Dejection and Fatigue change rates were significantly different in the second experiment (BB versus BBH). Our findings suggest that changing bathing style from showering to BBW or BBH improves the POMS Anger-Hostility scores of healthy young adults.

体育参与、社会资本与个体福利提升——基于福利经济学理论和CFPS调查数据的研究

研究目标:基于福利经济学和阿马蒂亚·森的可行能力理论构建个体福利指标体系,来检验体育参与对个体福利提升的作用和效应以及社会资本的中介作用。研究方法:利用中国家庭追踪调查数据库(CFPS)的微观数据,运用多元线性回归模型和KHB中介效应检验法和可视化进行实证分析。研究结论:体育参与不仅可以提升个体总福利水平,还可以提升分维度福利水平;社会资本在体育参与影响个体福利的过程中发挥中介作用,其中,个体社会资本对健康和幸福感维度的福利提升作用较大,集体社会资本对教育和收入维度的福利提升作用较大。研究创新:揭示了体育参与通过社会资本对个体福利提升的影响机理。研究价值:为进一步促进全民健身、实施健康中国战略提供理论支撑。

改进蚁群算法的送餐机器人路径规划

蚁群算法拥有良好的全局性、自组织性、鲁棒性,但传统蚁群算法存在许多不足之处。为此,针对算法在路径规划问题中的缺陷,在传统蚁群算法的状态转移公式中,引入目标点距离因素和引导素,加快算法收敛性和改善局部最优缺陷。在带时间窗的车辆路径问题(vehicle routing problem with time windows,VRPTW)上,融合蚁群算法和遗传算法,并将顾客时间窗宽度以及机器人等待时间加入蚁群算法状态转移公式中,以及将蚁群算法的解作为遗传算法的初始种群,提高遗传算法的初始解质量,然后进行编码,设置违反时间窗约束和载重量的惩罚函数和适应度函数,在传统遗传算法的交叉、变异操作后加入了破坏-修复基因的操作来优化每一代新解的质量,在Solomon Benchmark算例上进行仿真,对比算法改进前后的最优解,验证算法可行性。最后在餐厅送餐问题中把带有障碍物的仿真环境路径规划问题和VRPTW问题结合,使用改进后的算法解决餐厅环境下送餐机器人对顾客服务配送问题。

湖北襄阳地区土体剪切波波速与深度的相关性研究

为给出湖北襄阳地区典型粘性土、粉土、砂土及碎石土剪切波波速与深度之间的统计公式,基于收集到的102个实测钻孔波速资料,利用多种一元回归模型对襄阳地区常见土层剪切波波速与深度之间的关系进行拟合分析和相关性研究;同时,讨论土体状态对二者关系的影响;最后,利用实测钻孔数据验证统计公式的合理性和可靠性。研究结果表明:1)除人工填土外,襄阳地区其他常规土类剪切波波速与深度之间存在较强的相关性,且离散程度随深度的增加而增大;2)同一土类随密实度或塑性状态的增大,其平均剪切波波速也变大;3)考虑土体状态可以使回归模型的预测结果更加具体、更接近真实值,但对模型拟合优度的变化具有不确定性;4)区域性对土层剪切波波速与深度的统计关系有较大影响。本文研究的襄阳地区各土类剪切波波速回归模型较全国土类模型具有更好的预测精度和误差平稳性,可为南襄盆地及周边区域地震灾害风险普查、场地土动力学性质研究和地震动参数确定等提供参考。

全民健身信息服务平台线上健身课程体系构建

构建全民健身信息服务平台线上健身课程体系是全民增强体质、促进健康和提升幸福感的基本体育权利保障,是推动全民健身与全民健康深度融合的重要举措。运用文献研究法和逻辑分析法剖析我国线上健身课程的研究现状与应用现状,明晰线上健身课程应用面临的主要问题;在识别新时期全民健身事业发展新形式、新要求的基础上,疏理线上健身课程体系构建的现实需求。基于此提出,构建覆盖全人群的课程体系,设计多样化的课程内容,提供全方位的健身指导,推进多领域主体协同引领。课程体系包括开发类、生成类和混合类3层结构,涵盖幼儿、儿童、青少年、中年人、老年人和特殊人群的课程模块,旨在通过科学化、个性化的课程设计,全面满足不同人群的健身需求,提高全民健身的科学化水平,进一步推动“健康中国”的建设。

健康老龄化的本土化阐释与全民健身科技服务“适老化”的转型路径

随着互联网、物联网、云计算、人工智能等技术的高速发展,全民健身科技化、信息化已是大势所趋,并与中国老龄化社会纵深发展形成重叠。全民健身科技服务可以提升养老服务的质量和效率,但也面临“适老化”不足和“过科技化”等新问题。由于全民健身科技服务“适老化”不足,积极应对老龄化必须建立“技术-标准-模式”通路和健身科技创设制度环境。具体而言,在技术研发层面,应致力于老年身体健康评价的专门化,不追求国民体质监测的系统性;在服务标准层面,应致力于穿戴式设备、运动APP、健身设施的最优组合;在服务模式层面,应致力于城乡差异和特殊人群的案例开发;在制度设计层面,要致力于养老服务体系之中的微观制度嵌入。最终目标是推动全民健身科技服务从新技术、新标准到新服务模式的跃迁,全面实现“适老化”转型。

八段锦训练对非小细胞肺癌放疗患者健康体适能及生存质量的影响

目的探讨八段锦训练对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)放疗患者健康体适能及生存质量的影响。方法收集2022年1月至2022年10月在本院接受放疗的NSCLC患者100例,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组给予放疗后常规干预,观察组在对照组基础上+八段锦训练。分别评估两组患者干预前和干预12周后的健康体适能指标和生存质量,以及干预期间放疗相关并发症的发生率。结果干预12周后,除BMI外,两组患者30s前臂卷起个数、30s座椅坐站起个数、6 min步行距离、坐位体前屈距离、闭目单足站立时间均较干预前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。干预12周后,两组躯体、角色、认知、情感、社会、总体健康、疲倦、疼痛、气促、失眠、便秘等的评分较干预前改善(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组放射性肺炎、食管炎和皮炎的发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而观察组胃肠道反应的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组1年生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论八段锦训练可改善NSCLC放疗患者上下肢肌力、心肺适能、柔韧性以及平衡能力,从而提高患者生存质量。

习近平总书记关于全民健身工作重要论述的理论阐释

运用文献资料法和文本分析法,对习近平总书记关于全民健身工作重要论述的理论依据、逻辑理路、理论贡献与鲜明特征进行研究。研究得出:习近平总书记立足于新时代民族伟大复兴的背景条件和社会的主要矛盾,围绕全民健身工作作出了重要论述,深刻阐述了全民健身的重要作用和实践价值,厘清了全民健身与民族复兴的主要脉络,诠释了全民健身工作的系统性与全面性,分析了全民健身在人民、社会与国家中的逻辑关系,厘清了全民健身战略、体育强国战略与健康中国战略的框架体系;习近平总书记关于全民健身的重要论述承袭和升华了马克思主义体育观,为新时代中国特色社会主义全民健身事业的发展做出了开创性贡献,具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

城市社区“15分钟便民健身圈”的空间布局和场景设计比较研究

该研究探讨了城市社区中“15分钟便民健身圈”的空间布局与场景设计,旨在满足居民的健身需求并激发社区活力。随着城市化加速,紧凑的城市空间和快节奏生活促使人们寻求便捷的健身服务。该研究采用文献综述、案例分析和现场调研等方法,分析了健身圈的设计实践,重点关注其空间分布、设计特性、可达性和多样性。研究发现,成功的健身圈设计需结合居民需求、场景美观与功能性,强调社区参与。提出的设计原则旨在优化健身设施布局,促进居民健康和社区发展,为城市规划和社区管理提供指导。随着技术发展和城市化进程加速,城市社区健身空间规划面临新挑战,需跨学科合作和创新思维。