Mass-Spring-Damper Model with Steady State Parameters for Predicting the Movement of Liquid Column and Temperature Oscillation in Loop Heat Pipe

In order to investigate the mechanism of the temperature oscillation in loop heat pipes,this paper investigated the movement of the phase interface as the changed input power by a mass-spring-damper model.The model was solved with MATLAB and was used to explain the high-frequency and low-amplitude temperature oscillation.Temperature variation with the input power from 20 W to 75 W was investigated based on a LHP prototype in a literature.The model agreed well with the experimental data in the literature.The simulation results suggested that the movement of the liquid column was caused by the fluctuation of pressure difference applied on the liquid column and the stiffness coefficients of the vapor springs increasing with the input power.According to parameter analyses,the temperature oscillation at the outlet of the condenser can be weakened by increasing the mass of the liquid column and keeping the temperature at the outlet of the condenser steady.

Superconducting state parameters of AgxZn1-x and AgxAl1-x binary alloys superconductors

A well-known pseudopotential is used to investigate the superconducting state parameters （SSP）, viz., electronphonon coupling strength, Coulomb pseudopotential, transition temperature, isotope effect exponent and effective interaction strength for AgxZn1-x and AgxAl1-x binary alloys theoretically for the first time. We have incorporated here five different types of the local field correction functions to show the effect of exchange and correlation on the aforesaid properties. Very strong influence of various exchange and correlation functions is concluded from the present study. Comparison with others such experimental values is encouraging, which confirms applicability of the model potential in explaining the superconducting state parameters of binary mixture.

状态方程参数化耦合制冷工质热导率性质预测模型

针对准确的制冷工质热导率性质有益于制冷热泵系统的设计和优化,引入标准化参数化方案,得到扰动链统计缔合流体理论状态方程(PC-SAFT)的输入参数,结合剩余熵标度理论(RES),预测了包括氢氟烯烃(HFOs)、氢氟烃(HFCs)、烷烃(HCs)和CO_(2)(R744)在内的11种常见制冷工质的热导率性质,使用自助法,获得了标准化参数化方案与常规参数化方案输入参数的不确定度,并展开不确定度分析。通过与文献实验结果及已报道热导率性质模型比对,所提热导率性质模型与实验数据的总体平均相对偏差为3.32%。结果表明:所提热导率性质预测模型的整体表现优于常规参数化热导率模型和CE参考项热导率模型,且标准化参数化方案有潜力为混合工质体系的研发和推广提供可靠的基础物性数据;两种参数化方案输入参数在不确定度范围内波动时,对气相迁移性质的预测影响程度相似,但标准化参数化方案在液相迁移性质的预测上表现更优;此外,基于标准化参数化方案预测迁移性质需特别关注偏心因子的精度。

Cyclic liquefaction screening of sand with non-plastic fines:Critical state approach

There have been significant advances in the application of critical state,CS,in liquefaction potential assessment.This was done by comparing state parameter,j with estimated characteristic cyclic stress ratio,CSR due to an earthquake.A cyclic resistance ratio,CRR curve,which can be determined from cyclic liquefaction tests,separates historical liquefied and non-liquefied data points(j,CSR).On the other hand,the concepts of equivalent granular state parameter,j*,which was developed for sands with fines,can be used in lieu j to provide a unifying framework for characterizing the undrained response of sands with non/low plasticity fines,irrespective of fines content(fc).The present work combines these two propositions,and by merely substituting j*for j into the aforementioned CS approach to capture the influence of fc.A series of static and cyclic triaxial tests were conducted,separately and independently of the concept of j*,for sand with up to fc of 30%.The clean sand was collected from Sabarmati river belt at Ahmedabad city in India which was severely affected during the Bhuj earthquake,2001.The experimental data gave a single relation for CRR and j*which was then used to assess liquefaction potential for a SPT based case study,where fc varies along the depth.The prediction matched with the field observation.

Physical Parameter Identification Method Based on Modal Analysis for Two-axis On-road Vehicles:Theory and Simulation

Physical parameters are very important for vehicle dynamic modeling and analysis.However,most of physical parameter identification methods are assuming some physical parameters of vehicle are known,and the other unknown parameters can be identified.In order to identify physical parameters of vehicle in the case that all physical parameters are unknown,a methodology based on the State Variable Method（SVM） for physical parameter identification of two-axis on-road vehicle is presented.The modal parameters of the vehicle are identified by the SVM,furthermore,the physical parameters of the vehicle are estimated by least squares method.In numerical simulations,physical parameters of Ford Granada are chosen as parameters of vehicle model,and half-sine bump function is chosen to simulate tire stimulated by impulse excitation.The first numerical simulation shows that the present method can identify all of the physical parameters and the largest absolute value of percentage error of the identified physical parameter is 0.205%;and the effect of the errors of additional mass,structural parameter and measurement noise are discussed in the following simulations,the results shows that when signal contains 30 d B noise,the largest absolute value of percentage error of the identification is 3.78%.These simulations verify that the presented method is effective and accurate for physical parameter identification of two-axis on-road vehicles.The proposed methodology can identify all physical parameters of 7-DOF vehicle model by using free-decay responses of vehicle without need to assume some physical parameters are known.

Potential energy curves and analytical potential energy functions of the metastable states of B2^＋＋

The multi-reference configuration interaction method and aug-cc-pvqz （AVQZ） have been used to calculate potential energy curves （PECs） of the singlet and triplet states of the riu and rig symmetry of B2＋＋. All of the four states （^l∏u, ^1∏g, ^3∏u and ^3∏g） are found to be metastable states, though the potential well of ^3∏u symmetry is very shallow. Based on the PECs, the analytical potential energy functions （APEFs） of these states have been fitted using the least square fitting method and two models of function. The spectroscopic parameters of each state are also calculated, and are compared with other investigations in the literature. The credibility and veracity of the two functions are evaluated. Some ideas to improve the fitting accuracy are presented. Also the vibrational levels for each state are predicted by solving the SchrSdinger equation of nuclear motion.

Disturbed state concept as unified constitutive modeling approach

A unified constitutive modeling approach is highly desirable to characterize a wide range of engineeringmaterials subjected simultaneously to the effect of a number of factors such as elastic, plastic and creepdeformations, stress path, volume change, microcracking leading to fracture, failure and softening,stiffening, and mechanical and environmental forces. There are hardly available such unified models. Thedisturbed state concept （DSC） is considered to be a unified approach and is able to provide materialcharacterization for almost all of the above factors. This paper presents a description of the DSC, andstatements for determination of parameters based on triaxial, multiaxial and interface tests. Statementsof DSC and validation at the specimen level and at the boundary value problem levels are also presented.An extensive list of publications by the author and others is provided at the end. The DSC is considered tobe a unique and versatile procedure for modeling behaviors of engineering materials and interfaces. 2016 Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Production and hosting byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

THE ANALYSES OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRESS STRUCTURE NEAR THE CRACK TIP OF MODE Ⅰ CT SPECIMENS IN ELASTICPLASTIC STATE(Ⅱ)—THE ANALYSES OF THE STRESS STRUCTURE

Based on [1], the stress structures of the smooth region and shear lip of the specimens have been investigated in the paper.The characteristics of the stress structure in the smooth region have been found that the variable z can separated out; the stresses in the midsection can be obtained by the plane strain FEM results or HRR structure modified by the stress triaxiality. The effects of load level and thickness on the stress structure can be reflected by the distribution of CTOD along the thickness direction. The obtained expressions of the stresses are very simple and visualized. The analyses of the stress structure in the shear lip show that the stresses can be obtained by different methods of interpolation to a certain precise degree.A new degree parameter of the plane strain state has been put forward and studied. The parameter can reflect relatively well the variation of the kind and thickness of the specimen as well as the load level. The fracture parameter has also been investigated to be sure that it can be obtained by modified CTOD with the stress triaxiality.

ESTIMATE ACCURACY OF NONLINEAR COEFFICIENTS OF SQUEEZEFILM DAMPER USING STATE VARIABLE FILTER METHOD

The estimate model for a nonlinear system of squeeze film damper (SFD) is described.The method of state variable filter (SVF) is used to estimate the coefficients of SFD.The factors which are critical to the estimate accuracy are discussed

Bounding surface plasticity model for stress-strain and grain-crushing behaviors of rockfill materials

Crushing of grains can greatly influence the strength,dilatancy,and stress-strain relationship of rockfill materials.The critical state line(CSL)in the void ratio versus mean effective stress plane was extended to the breakage critical state plane(BCSP).A state void-ratio-pressure index that incorporated the effect of grain crushing was proposed according to the BCSP.Rowe’s stress-dilatancy equation was modified by adding the breakage voidratio-pressure index,which was also incorporated into the formulations of the bounding stress ratio and plastic modulus.A BCSP-based bounding surface plasticity model was proposed to describe the state-dependent stressstrain behaviors and the evolution of grain crushing during shearing process of rockfill materials,and was shown to sufficiently capture the breakage phenomenon.

一种设计IIR数字滤波器的参数化方法

基于连续时间状态空间结构和广义双线性变换,提出了一种设计无限冲激响应(IIR)数字滤波器的参数化方法.优点是稳定区域包含了整个参数空间,因此可以采用无约束优化方法.给出了仿真实例,并与已有的设计方法进行了比较,其通带波动、阻带衰减、群迟延等性能更为优越.

一种量子条件生成对抗网络算法

量子生成对抗网络是量子机器学习算法领域研究热点之一,但其生成过程具有较大的随机性,不太适用于现实场景.为了解决该问题,提出了一种生成过程可控的量子条件生成对抗网络(Quantum Conditional Generative Adversarial Network,QCGAN)算法,其中条件信息采用one-hot形式进行多粒子W态编码,并通过向生成器和判别器输入条件信息达到稳定模型生成过程的目的.性能评估表明,与经典GAN、CGAN相比,本算法可生成离散数据,且将时间复杂度从O(N^(2))降为O(N);与带条件约束的量子生成对抗网络QuGAN相比,QCGAN消耗更少的量子资源.最后,以BAS(3,3)数据集和量子混合态生成为例,选用PennyLane平台进行仿真实验,结果表明QCGAN算法经过训练可有效收敛到Nash均衡点,进而验证了算法的实验可行性.

湿法炼锌沉铁过程氧化速率优化控制

湿法炼锌沉铁过程针铁矿沉淀形成的条件要求苛刻,亚铁离子的氧化速率必须控制在合理的范围内才能保证溶液中的铁离子以针铁矿形式除去.本文在沉铁过程动态模型的基础上,根据针铁矿沉淀形成的条件和结合流程工艺要求,优化设定每个反应器出口的亚铁离子浓度,进而建立针铁矿法沉铁过程氧化速率优化控制模型.采用控制参数化方法将最优控制求解问题转化为非线性规划,通过状态转移优化算法求取最优的氧气和氧化锌控制率,以合理控制沉铁过程亚铁离子的氧化速率.仿真结果表明,优化控制模型计算所得的控制量不仅可以保证反应过程的氧化速率符合生成针铁矿沉淀的条件,而且可以稳定生产流程.

Phonon Dispersion in Ca70Mg30 Metallic Glass

The phonon dispersion curves （PDC） of Ca70Mg30 metallic glass has been studied at room temperature in terms of phonon eigen frequencies of longitudinal and transverse modes employing three different approaches proposed by Hubbard and Beeby （J. Phys. C： Solid State Phys. 13 （1969） 556）, Takeno and Goda （Prog. Theor. Phys. 45 （1971） 331; 47 （1972） 790） and Bhatia and Singh （Phys. Rev. B 31 （1985） 4751）. The well recognized model potential of Gajjar et al. is employed successfully to explain electron-ion interaction in the metallic glass. The effective pair potential is used to generate the pair correlation function g（r）. The local field correction function （Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 17 （2003） 6001） is used for the first time to introduce the exchange and correlation effects on the aforesaid properties. The present findings of PDCs are found to be in agreement with the available theoretical as well as experimental data. The thermodynamic and elastic properties, i.e. longitudinal and transverse sound velocities, isothermal bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity, Poisson＇s ratio, Young＇s modulus and Debye temperature, are also investigated successfully.

自适应跟踪输出控制器的设计和仿真

本文介绍带有未建模动态的倒立单摆非线性模型的全局自适应实际跟踪输出控制器的设计。该控制器对不确定性具有鲁棒性。数字仿真的结果证实了这种方法的有效性。

多时滞线性系统的控制参数优化方法

采用控制参数化方法研究具有连续状态不等式约束和多重状态及控制时滞的线性系统优化控制问题.通过把时滞系统动态模型中的控制量表示成关于时间的分段常数函数,把每个控制参数看作决策变量,将多时滞系统的控制问题转化为数学规划问题.推导出在连续状态不等式约束条件下的目标函数和约束函数对于待求参数的梯度公式,并用序列二次规划算法求出其最优控制量.最后,将该优化算法应用于湿法炼锌净化过程中.仿真结果表明,锌粉的添加量可以有效地减少,从而避免了资源的浪费.

时滞LPV离散系统的稳定新准则及控制器设计

针对一类具有状态时滞的线性参数变化离散时间系统,提出了一种新的依赖于参数的Lyapunov稳定条件.该准则通过引入一个附加矩阵解除了系统矩阵与依赖于参数的Lyapunov函数之间的耦合而更易于控制系统的分析与综合。在此基础上设计了此类系统的状态反馈控制器,并将控制器存在的充分条件转化为参数线性矩阵不等式的解存在条件。数值仿真验证了所提出算法的可行性.

板式吸收塔计算机辅助设计

针对板式吸收塔设计过程中工艺与结构计算量大、重复试算多、易出错和图纸编制工作量大的特点,运用计算机辅助手段,将设计过程编制成Excel表,结合Solid Edge参数化模型设计技术,从基本工艺结构计算到板式塔零件装配图,建立了板式吸收塔零部件参数化模型,开发了将板式吸收塔工艺与结构计算的Excel表与吸收塔零部件自动装配的一体化的软件。实践表明,依靠该软件的辅助设计,通过复用Excel计算表、3D零部件模型,可减少重复设计工作量。

离散LPV重复过程的鲁棒H_∞状态反馈控制

研究离散线性参数变化(LPV)重复过程的鲁棒H∞状态反馈控制器设计问题。通过引入一个附加矩阵解除了系统矩阵与依赖于参数的李雅普诺夫函数之间的耦合,从而提出依赖于参数的解耦的鲁棒H∞性能判据。进一步,根据参数线性矩阵不等式技术导出鲁棒H∞控制器存在的充分条件,通过利用近似基函数和网格技术把相应的控制器设计问题转换成求解一个有限维参数线性矩阵不等式的凸优化问题。

一类线性参数变化时滞系统的鲁棒滑模控制

研究了一类线性参数变化连续时间系统的稳定性、状态反馈镇定和滑模控制问题.通过引入适当加权矩阵变量寻找Le ibn iz-Newton公式各项之间的关系,从而直接地处理系统中的时滞状态项,避免了常规应用Le ibn iz-Newton公式进行模型变换的间接方法所带来的较大保守性.基于参数线性矩阵不等式方法提出了该类系统参数二次稳定的时滞相关的新条件.基于该条件研究了该类系统的状态反馈镇定和滑模控制问题.分别提出了镇定控制器设计条件和滑动模态存在条件,并设计了滑模控制器,保证了闭环系统的参数二次稳定.仿真实例证明了该设计方案的可行性.