State Policies as a Source of Civil Law

State policies exert a great influence over Chinese civil justice. Article 6 of the General Principles of Civil Law stipulates that state policies are a source of civil law, but the path by which they enter civil justice is not a rational one and may lead to adjudication difficulties with state policies. State policies are integrated with state law, and the laws and legal interpretations formulated by the National People＇s Congress and its Standing Committee, judicial interpretations, administrative regulations, autonomous regulations and special regulations, administrative rules and other regulatory documents are forms of expression of state policies. Different rules for adjudication apply depending on the different vehicles of state policy. The Supreme People＇s Court can play a role in making public policy and guiding state policy into civil adjudication through ＂open＂ and ＂unseen＂ channels.

A Comparative Study of the Value Orientations of Foreign Language Education Policies in China and the United States in the 21st Century

Since the 21 st century, both Chinese Mainland and the United States have formulated foreign language education policiesbased on their national needs. This paper makes a comparative study of the value orientations of foreign language education poli-cies in Chinese Mainland and the United States in the 21 st century and finds that both China and the United States have regardedtheir national interests as the essential value orientation of their foreign language education policies. To be specific,the core valueorientation of foreign language education policies in China is to enhance its cultural soft power.In contrast,the core value orienta-tion of foreign language education policies in the United States is to safeguard its national security. Through the comparison of thedifferent value orientations of foreign language education policies of the two countries, the paper provides some reference for the for-eign language education policy-making in Chinese Mainland.

State Policy on the Environment in Vietnamese Handicraft Villages

Handicraft villages play an important role in promoting social and economic development in rural areas as well as Vietnam＇s economy. Nowadays, Vietnam＇s handicrafts have a foothold in the world market, and are exported over 163 countries and territories （Tuan, 2010）. However, the production activities of the handicraft village have a lot of shortcomings, especially the problem of environmental pollution （Chi, 2010）. Therefore, government policy plays a very important role to minimize environmental pollution villages, contributing to improving environmental quality and public health. This paper focuses on： 1）. Current status of state policy environment in handicraft villages shows the achievements and limitations of the policy, from which reviews state policy in environments in handicraft villages （through fieldwork in the handicraft villages）; and 2）. Solution to improve state policy on environmental protection in handicraft villages in Vietnam.

The Republican Party’s Hard-Line Stance toward China

In recent years,the Republican Party of the United States has held a negative perception of China,passed confrontational policies targeting China,and maintained a hard-line stance toward China.With this hard-line stance,the Republican Party and United States conservatives have sought to ignite a new culture war related to foreign policy and national security and gain political leverage amidst a climate of political polarization.The Republican Party’s strategy has not only intensified partisan conflicts and accelerated societal collapse in the United States but has also obstructed the development of China-US relations.Consequently,the China factor has transformed the United States’national security strategy to an unprecedented degree.In the near future,the United States’policy toward China will become intimately tied to the vicissitudes of the Republican Party and the political actions of powerful men in the United States.

STATE TRADE POLICIES AND THEIR IMPACTS ON CAR INDUSTRY

RMB was devalued by 50％. Tariffs on imports was lowered. Pricing on domestically made cars was adjusted. Purchase control was lifted. All these deemed as concrete measures of the state government to meet challenges as China is going to resume GATT

United States Foreign Policy in the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict and Its Implication on the Two States Solution

Prior American administrations were more balanced in their relations with Israel and the Arab world.During the Cold War Israel was an important strategic asset in the containment of Communist influence in the middle eastern region,Washington structured its arms sales to Israel,controlled Israeli military preeminence during the wars with its Arab neighbors,and sought to arbitrate the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to balance US relations with moderate Arab regimes.Today,the opposite seems to be true.It is considering the above forlorn situation that this essay attempts to analytically x-ray the Palestinian–Israeli conflict and US foreign policy.The major objective of the study was among others to establish that the current US foreign policy of the Trump administration will only further escalate the conflict by exacerbating tensions;it establishes the onion model as a framework upon which the study was built theoretically.The study resulted from the increasing trend of violence and killings in the region and how the people living in the region have been further devastated all because US foreign policy summersault.It also makes useful insights and recommendations on how to broker peace in the region.