Tangible Assets Threats and Hazards： Risk Assessment and Management in the Port Domain

Port systems are more prone to being risk oriented. Many specific methods have been found to assess risk in a port area or operation. A review is presented in different approaches on human and environmental risks in port area. On the other hand, there is no specific risk management method or fi＇amework to cope with threats and hazards regarding on port machines or material accidents and port assets damages or losses. This paper presents a risk management methodology, seeking to investigate a process of assessing the assets hazards and damages into the domain of port container terminal, by taking into account its different factors and their mutual influences. This methodology constitutes a decision support framework that will be used to conduct port to port risk evaluations or to assess a whole port＇s and terminal＇s risk level in the critical field of assets damages and losses, in order to facilitate improvement strategies. An empirical study is contacted for the years of 2003-2012, in order to provide evidence for risk assessment and management in an economic effective way, regarding port assets damages and losses, at the Port Container Terminal of Piraeus in Greece.

Central SOEs and State-owned Assets Management System Witness Great Reform&Development

Since the beginning of 2005, the central SOEs (state-owned enterprises) earnestly carried out and put into effect various strategies and policies as well as work plans of the Central Committee of the Party and the State Council.They kept forging ahead and carved out in an innovative spirit, and made great achievements worth celebrating in their various work.Both sales revenue and total profits of the central SOEs have been growing rapidly and synchronously, and the quality of the stateowned assets have been further improved and appeared a good momentum.……

The Separation of Powers from Functions and the Establishment of a New Structure of Management and Operation of State-owned Assets

The development of the socialist market economy demands the furtherintensification of the reform of the management operating system (MOS)of the state-owned assets, the strengthening of the efficiency in the man-agement of state-owned assets,and the improvement of the operating bene-

30 years of reform of China's state-owned asset management system

Reform of China’s state-owned asset management system is an important component of China’s economic system reform,but also a key factor in rejuvenating the national economy.In this article,the authors analyzed the background of the reform,summarized the reform process and discussed related question on how to deepen the reform.

Nutrients distribution and trophic status assessment in the northern Beibu Gulf, China

Using historical and 2010 field data, the distribution of nutrients in the northern Beibu Gulf of China is described. There was a decreasing trend in the concentration of nutrients from the north coast to offshore waters of the northern Beibu Gulf, reflecting the influence of inputs from land-based sources. High concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN） and phosphate （PO4-P） occurred mainly at Fangchenggang Bay, Qinzhou Bay, and Lianzhou Bay. Four different methods were used to assess eutrophication. The trophic status of the Beibu Gulf was characterized using the single factor, Eutrophication index （El）, Trophic index （TRIX） and Assessment of Estuarine Trophic Status （ASSETS） methods. Based on nutrient concentrations, 73.9% of DIN and 26.7% of PO4-P samples exceeded the fourth grade Seawater Quality Standard of China. Eutrophication index values varied widely, but higher levels of eutrophication were generally found in bays and estuaries. TRIX values ranged from 2.61 to 7.27, with an average of 4.98, indicating a mesotrophic and moderately productive system. A positive correlation between TRIX and harmful algal species richness and abundance was observed. The ASSETS model evaluates eutrophication status based on a Pressure-State-Response approach, including three main indices： influencing factors, overall eutrophic condition, and future outlook. The Beibu Gulf was graded as moderate using ASSETS. The single factor and Chinese nutrient index methods were considered inadequate for the assessment of trophic status. TRIX can be used as an indicator of trophic state and ASSETS showed good potential to assess eutrophication. The results of TRIX and ASSETS depend on threshold values. To establish these values, further research is required within the northern Beibu Gulf.

Evaluation of Biological Assets： Problems and Solutions

The chief production elements of an agricultural enterprise are its biological assets and the choice and practical application of the evaluation methods, as the assets directly affect many aspects： decision making of economic character by the financial statement user, indicators of financial operation analysis, inter-comparison of sector enterprises, assessment of the company value and taxes on its economic activity, and statistical data of the agricultural sector. The authors have used the discounted cash flow （DCF） as an alternative method and a model of system dynamics. Such a system dynamics method has not been used for assessment of biological assets so far. In the operating process, the company acquires or loses possession of the resources. It is vital to analyze the resources to see whether they comply with the concept of the assets and the terms of recognition. It is necessary for the same company as well as for external users of financial statements to get true information about the business and the value of money. Biological assets may be recognized in the company＇s accounting only when it is predictable that future benefits associated with these assets will flow into the enterprise. It is also important that the fair value or the cost can be measured reliably.

A Conceptual Framework for Threat Assessment Based on Organization’s Information Security Policy

The security breaches of sensitive information have remained difficult to solve due to increased malware programs and unauthorized access to data stored in critical assets. As risk appetite differ from one organization to another, it prompts the threat analysis tools be integrated with organization’s information security policy so as to ensure security controls at local settings. However, it has been noted that the current tools for threat assessment processes have not encompassed information security policy for effective security management (i.e.?confidentiality, integrity and availability) based on organization’s risk appetite and culture. The information security policy serves as a tool to provide guidance on how to manage and secure all business operations including critical assets, infrastructure and people in the organization. This guidance (e.g. usage and controls) facilitates the provisions for threat assessment and compliance based on local context. The lack of effective threat assessment frameworks at local context have promoted the exposure of critical assets such as database servers, mails servers, web servers and user smart-devices at the hand of attackers and thus increase risks and probability to compromise the assets. In this paper we have proposed a conceptual framework for security threat assessment based on organization’s information security policy. Furthermore, the study proposed the policy automation canvas for provision of a methodology to alert the security managers what possible threats found in their organizations for quick security mitigation without depending on security expertise.

Establishment of an Assets Appraisal Approach in Investment Decision Making

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the mistakes that are typically made in the choosing of current appraisal assessment methods for investment decisions. Aider research and comparison of three assessment methods, the relationships among the objectives of valuation, valuation standards and appraisal means are established. Furthermore, the effects of the appraisal measures chosen are empirically analyzed.

Building State-owned Assets Supervision System and Conducting Mixed Ownership Reforms to Reinforce Each Other’s Collaboration

Improving the state-owned assets supervision system(SOASS)can effectively get over the defects of systems and mechanisms and further promote the reform of mixed ownership of state-owned enterprises(SOEs);and the deepening of the reform can advance the change of the SOASS to the supervision on capital.By analyzing the relationship between the SOASS and the reform of mixed ownership of state-owned enterprises,we have found that collaborative promotion of the change of the SOASS to the supervision on capital and promotion of the reform of mixed ownership can do good to ameliorating the corporate management mechanism,improving the market-oriented management mechanism of enterprises and completing the medium-and long-term incentive mechanisms,etc.to enhance business operation efficiency.Due to such prevailing problems as relative dispersion and vagueness of the policies relating to deepening the reform of SOEs,inconsistent progress of the reform of state-owned assets(SOAs)and SOEs,and corporate reform focusing on apprence,improving the SOASS and deepening collaborative development of the reform of mixed ownership of SOEs are hindered by some constraints.To construct and improve the SOASS and the reform of mixed ownership collaboratively,we should make efforts to promote the reform in the following five aspects,namely,placing importance to policy coordination,boosting synchronism of the reform of SOAs and SOEs at different levels and in different areas to coordinate the nationwide reform of SOAs and SOEs,facilitating reform of the mechanism of enterprises of mixed ownership through mixed capital,and promoting the SOASS and stimulating classified monitoring and reform of mixed ownership based on classified reform of SOEs.

基于价值链理论的互联网企业数据资产价值评估

以互联网企业数据资产为研究对象,从系统论视角出发,基于数据价值链理论,系统梳理数据资产价值影响因素,构建数据资产价值系统动力学模型,分类别讨论各影响因素对数据资产价值的复杂影响,从3个阶段剖析数字资产价值释放的滞后效应。结果表明,数据资产价值受数据规模、质量、时效性等自身属性和技术、组织、环境等外部特征共同影响,其价值实现是一个动态过程且存在递减规律,数字资产价值释放存在显著的滞后效应。由此提出从数据产生到发挥作用的全生命周期出发厘清数据资产的不同赋能阶段,综合考虑包含技术组织和环境因素在内的多种因素的影响,创新评估方法、取长补短等相关建议。

中国海洋环境数据及其资产价值评估体系的现状

海洋环境数据是人类认识海洋、保护和开发利用海洋的重要战略资源。随着数字经济和科学技术的迅猛发展,海洋环境数据成为新的重要的生产要素。海洋环境数据资产作为一种新的资产形式,如何对其进行价值评估成为一个新的难题。通过对国内海洋数据资产价值评估的深入调查和研究,得出传统的成本法和收益法及其二者组合的方法是目前海洋环境数据价值评估的基础,发现新时期海洋环境数据的价值评估的方法具有复杂性、灵活性和多维度等的评价方式,对海洋经济发展和海洋科学研究可持续性具有非常重要的经济价值。

环保考核如何影响土地资源错配——基于领导干部自然资源资产离任审计试点的经验证据

研究目的:检验领导干部自然资源资产离任审计作为创新型环保考核对土地资源错配的影响机理。研究方法:多期DID模型和中介效应模型。研究结果:(1)以离任审计试点政策为代表的环保考核在一定程度上抑制了土地资源错配。(2)离任审计试点政策能够通过环境规制强度、绿色技术创新和政府治理水平对土地资源错配产生影响。(3)政策效应在行政等级较高、地理区位较好以及资源禀赋较丰富的城市更为显著。研究结论:环保考核对抑制土地资源错配具有重要作用。地方政府应因地制宜进行环保考核制度创新、优化土地资源配置策略,走以绿色发展为导向的高质量发展道路。

空间资产风险评估与控制研究

空间资产是国家的重要战略资产,有效控制其所面临的各类风险将有助于推动空间资产效益最大化,提高对国家安全与发展的贡献率,推动航天强国建设。本文首先讨论了空间资产的定义与内涵,认为从狭义来讲空间资产主要包含我国所有的在轨航天器,广义来讲还包括与其相关的一些关联资产和无形资产。其次,从多个维度梳理了空间资产的潜在风险源,并划分为技术、军事和管理三大类风险,其中技术类风险包括碰撞解体、爆炸解体、载荷故障、凯斯勒效应等;军事风险包括将航天器作为武器或武器平台等风险;管理风险主要指管理制度不匹配、无形资产流失等;之后针对技术类风险初步讨论了空间资产风险量化评估方法,建立空间资产价值的量化评估模型,并简要分析可能的风险控制方法。最后,面向空间资产风险事件的处置应对问题,提出初步的风险事件分级模型及处置应对需重点考虑的几个方面,如体制机制的建立、应对预案的制定、责任主体的划分、处置行动的落实与监督等。

大型常压储罐运维阶段资产完整性管理实践

国内对大型常压储罐管理维护日益重视,但储罐完整性管理仍处于应用初期。本文介绍了某企业常压储罐完整性管理制度的建设情况,重点列出了储罐运维阶段的日常操作维护、资料收集、风险评估、检验检测、合于使用评价、维修改造等环节的完整性管理方法,并提出了完整性组织管理新模式、基于风险的检验策略应用、含超标缺陷储罐和超设计使用年限储罐的合于使用评价流程、效能评价等制度创新,该管理制度的编制及应用是国内资产完整性管理在储罐运维管理上的一次重要实践。

全民所有自然资源资产考核评价机制和指标体系研究

建立全民所有自然资源资产考核评价制度是全民所有自然资源资产所有权委托代理机制建设的重要工作。采用对比分析法,通过借鉴我国生态文明建设和耕地保护、河湖长制、林长制等方面相关考核评价制度,从考核评价对象、实施主体、方式与周期、指标设计、结果评定与运用等方面,研究了全民所有自然资源资产考核评价机制。明确了委托代理模式下的受托人与现行自然资源管理体制的末端主体不一致时的考核评价主体与对象,提出了年度考核和委托代理期考核相结合的“双评价”考核方式,构建了年度考核评价和委托代理期考核评价的指标体系。

初中生肥胖防控资源评估的质性研究

背景 青春期是肥胖问题的高风险期,针对青少年开展肥胖防控尤为紧迫和必要。然而现有干预措施普遍面临无法持续开展或扩大推广的困境,亟需通过资源评估识别和发掘现有的社区资源或优势,促进青春期肥胖防控项目的开展和维持。目的 对初中生肥胖防控进行资源评估,识别获得当下政策环境、物质环境、社会环境、信息环境中的优势资源、不足之处与改进建议。方法 2023—2024年1月采用目的抽样法,从中国东部某市疾病控制中心、教育局、城区3所初级中学中选取11名承担初中生肥胖防控相关工作的工作人员进行一对一、面对面访谈;在以上3所初中各邀请8名家长及其子女进行专题小组访谈,每组8人,共计6组。通过主题分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果关于初中生肥胖防控,受访者提及的优势资源主要包括实现肥胖监测、保障校内营养膳食和体育运动的政策与条件,以及可用于传播健康信息的宣传媒介;不足之处主要为缺乏可高效推进肥胖防控的专项政策与方案、各场所的物质和社会环境资源无法充分支持健康饮食与运动、信息环境资源的质量与力度难以促成知信行转变等。关于改善资源环境,受访者提出的建议主要包括落实刚性监管和柔性激励、提高资源可及性、动员多方合作和强化健康宣教等。整合现有资源和改进建议形成了一份资源评估清单,分别对应10类政策环境资源,8类物质环境资源,20类社会环境资源和12类信息环境资源。结论 当前各环境中存在多项有利于初中生肥胖防控的优势资源,但也面临诸多不足之处亟需改善。后续初中生肥胖防控可参考资源评估清单诊断资源现状,使干预措施更好地匹配现有环境,以增强干预策略的效果与可持续性。

数据资产质量评估研究和实践分析

自国家将“数据”列为新型生产要素后,实现数据资产质量的智能评估和闭环式质量管理变得至关重要。本文以数据资产质量评估为主题,通过分析研究数据资产评估和管理现状和挑战,系统探讨数据资产质量评估的原理、方法和模型,并引入了质量调整系数以提高评估结果准确性,以优化数据资产估值理论和方法,落地数据资产质量评估应用试点,推动数据资产价值实现。

建筑数据资产化技术体系研究与应用

数据资产化是建筑业数字化转型的重要趋势,但目前仍处于起步阶段。本研究针对建筑数据的特点,提出了建筑数据资产化的技术体系,包括安全化、标准化和价值化三个步骤;研发了基于大语言模型的元数据自动生成方法;并结合某施工企业的应用案例,验证了建筑数据资产化技术体系的可行性和价值,分析了目前存在的问题和未来研究方向。总体而言,建筑数据资产化有利于促进数据交换共享,充分发挥数据的潜在价值,推动建筑企业的数字化转型,但在BIM脱敏技术和市场化机制等方面仍需进一步深入研究。

出版数据资产入表:内涵意义、现实挑战与路径探讨

从出版原始数据建设到出版数据资产的形成,要经过数据资源化、资源产品化、产品资产化等历程。出版数据资产是出版机构拥有或控制的、可以计量或交易并能带来经济效益或社会效益的出版数据资源,其技术可计量形态包括盒装数据资产、出版数据库产品与服务、出版大数据产品与服务、出版大模型与数据核验服务。从大部分出版机构的业务实践来看,数据资源无形资产是出版数据资产入表的首选。出版数据资产入表在具备盘活出版数据资产、加速出版业数据化转型升级及充分释放出版业数字经济潜力等战略意义的同时,也面临着认定难、确权难、估值难等突出问题。要解决上述问题,须审慎推进出版数据资产入表试点工作,深入推进完善出版数据确权授权机制,建立健全出版数据资产评估和定价体系,跟踪和应用最新的数据管理和分析技术,以及大力培育出版业数据要素市场生态体系。