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A Comprehensive Guide for Selecting Appropriate Statistical Tests: Understanding When to Use Parametric and Nonparametric Tests
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作者 Saed Jama Abdi 《Open Journal of Statistics》 2023年第4期464-474,共11页
Choosing appropriate statistical tests is crucial but deciding which tests to use can be challenging. Different tests suit different types of data and research questions, so it is important to choose the right one. Kn... Choosing appropriate statistical tests is crucial but deciding which tests to use can be challenging. Different tests suit different types of data and research questions, so it is important to choose the right one. Knowing how to select an appropriate test can lead to more accurate results. Invalid results and misleading conclusions may be drawn from a study if an incorrect statistical test is used. Therefore, to avoid these it is essential to understand the nature of the data, the research question, and the assumptions of the tests before selecting one. This is because there are a wide variety of tests available. This paper provides a step-by-step approach to selecting the right statistical test for any study, with an explanation of when it is appropriate to use it and relevant examples of each statistical test. Furthermore, this guide provides a comprehensive overview of the assumptions of each test and what to do if these assumptions are violated. 展开更多
关键词 statistical Tests Levels of Measurement parametric NONparametric Normal Distribution
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A Comprehensive Guide for Selecting Appropriate Statistical Tests: Understanding When to Use Parametric and Nonparametric Tests
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作者 Saed Jama Abdi 《Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases》 2023年第4期464-474,共11页
Choosing appropriate statistical tests is crucial but deciding which tests to use can be challenging. Different tests suit different types of data and research questions, so it is important to choose the right one. Kn... Choosing appropriate statistical tests is crucial but deciding which tests to use can be challenging. Different tests suit different types of data and research questions, so it is important to choose the right one. Knowing how to select an appropriate test can lead to more accurate results. Invalid results and misleading conclusions may be drawn from a study if an incorrect statistical test is used. Therefore, to avoid these it is essential to understand the nature of the data, the research question, and the assumptions of the tests before selecting one. This is because there are a wide variety of tests available. This paper provides a step-by-step approach to selecting the right statistical test for any study, with an explanation of when it is appropriate to use it and relevant examples of each statistical test. Furthermore, this guide provides a comprehensive overview of the assumptions of each test and what to do if these assumptions are violated. 展开更多
关键词 statistical Tests Levels of Measurement parametric NONparametric Normal Distribution
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Template Matching using Statistical Model and Parametric Template for Multi-Template
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作者 Chin-Sheng Chen Jian-Jhe Huang Chien-Liang Huang 《Journal of Signal and Information Processing》 2013年第3期52-57,共6页
This paper represents a template matching using statistical model and parametric template for multi-template. This algorithm consists of two phases: training and matching phases. In the training phase, the statistical... This paper represents a template matching using statistical model and parametric template for multi-template. This algorithm consists of two phases: training and matching phases. In the training phase, the statistical model created by principal component analysis method (PCA) can be used to synthesize multi-template. The advantage of PCA is to reduce the variances of multi-template. In the matching phase, the normalized cross correlation (NCC) is employed to find the candidates in inspection images. The relationship between image block and multi-template is built to use parametric template method. Results show that the proposed method is more efficient than the conventional template matching and parametric template. Furthermore, the proposed method is more robust than conventional template method. 展开更多
关键词 MULTI-TEMPLATE TEMPLATE MATCHING parametric TEMPLATE Normalized CROSS Correlation Principal Component Analysis statistical Model
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A Practical Guide to Statistical Tests in the Biomedical Field: From Parametric to Nonparametric, Where and How?
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作者 Adil Gourinda Hicham El Bouri +5 位作者 Faïza Charif Zaynab Mahdi Fadila Bousgheiri Karima Sammoud Saloua Lemrabett Adil Najdi 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第11期1-14,共14页
Healthcare decisions are based on scientific evidence obtained from medical studies by gathering data and analyzing it to obtain the best results. When analyzing data, biostatistics is a powerful tool, but healthcare ... Healthcare decisions are based on scientific evidence obtained from medical studies by gathering data and analyzing it to obtain the best results. When analyzing data, biostatistics is a powerful tool, but healthcare professionals lack knowledge in this field. This lack of knowledge can manifest itself in situations such as choosing the wrong statistical test for the right situation or applying a statistical test without checking its assumptions, leading to inaccurate results and misleading conclusions. With the help of this “narrative review”, the aim is to bring biostatistics closer to healthcare professionals by answering certain questions: how to describe the distribution of data? how to assess the normality of data? how to transform data? and how to choose between nonparametric and parametric tests? Through this work, our hope is that the reader will be able to choose the right test for the right situation, in order to obtain the most accurate results. 展开更多
关键词 Teaching statistics Distribution Normality Transformation Nonparametric Test parametric Test
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Application of Statistical Tools for Data Analysis and Interpretation in Rice Plant Pathology 被引量:2
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作者 Parsuram NAYAK Arup Kumar MUKHERJEE +1 位作者 Elssa PANDIT Sharat Kumar PRADHAN 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第1期1-18,共18页
There has been a significant advancement in the application of statistical tools in plant pathology during the past four decades. These tools include multivariate analysis of disease dynamics involving principal compo... There has been a significant advancement in the application of statistical tools in plant pathology during the past four decades. These tools include multivariate analysis of disease dynamics involving principal component analysis, cluster analysis, factor analysis, pattern analysis, discriminant analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, correspondence analysis, canonical correlation analysis, redundancy analysis, genetic diversity analysis, and stability analysis, which involve in joint regression, additive main effects and multiplicative interactions, and genotype-by-environment interaction biplot analysis. The advanced statistical tools, such as non-parametric analysis of disease association, meta-analysis, Bayesian analysis, and decision theory, take an important place in analysis of disease dynamics. Disease forecasting methods by simulation models for plant diseases have a great potentiality in practical disease control strategies. Common mathematical tools such as monomolecular, exponential, logistic, Gompertz and linked differential equations take an important place in growth curve analysis of disease epidemics. The highly informative means of displaying a range of numerical data through construction of box and whisker plots has been suggested. The probable applications of recent advanced tools of linear and non-linear mixed models like the linear mixed model, generalized linear model, and generalized linear mixed models have been presented. The most recent technologies such as micro-array analysis, though cost effective, provide estimates of gene expressions for thousands of genes simultaneously and need attention by the molecular biologists. Some of these advanced tools can be well applied in different branches of rice research, including crop improvement, crop production, crop protection, social sciences as well as agricultural engineering. The rice research scientists should take advantage of these new opportunities adequately in adoption of the new highly potential advanced technologies while planning experimental designs, data collection, analysis and interpretation of their research data sets. 展开更多
关键词 statistical tool PLANT PATHOLOGY data ANALYSIS multivariate ANALYSIS NON-parametric ANALYSIS MICRO-ARRAY ANALYSIS decision theory PLANT disease EPIDEMICS rice
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Voxel-based statistical analysis of regional cerebral glucose metabolism in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
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作者 Ji-Hoon Kim Young-In Chung +3 位作者 Jung Sub Lee In-Joo Kim Yong-Ki Kim Seong-Jang Kim 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第36期2850-2855,共6页
The technique of region of interest-based positron emission tomography is limited by its poor reli-ability and relatively few examined brain regions. In the present study, we compared brain metabo-lism assessed using ... The technique of region of interest-based positron emission tomography is limited by its poor reli-ability and relatively few examined brain regions. In the present study, we compared brain metabo-lism assessed using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography between 14 at-tention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients and 15 normal controls with scoliosis at resting state by statistical parametric mapping. Glucose metabolism was decreased in the left parahippo-campal gyrus, left hippocampus, left anterior cingulate gyrus, right anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum, left superior temporal gyrus, left insula, left medial and middle frontal gyri, right medial frontal gyrus, and left basal ganglia (putamen, amygdala, and caudate nucleus) in children with ADHD. These data suggest that children with ADHD exhibit hypometabolism in various brain regions compared to controls, indicating that ADHD symptoms are unlikely the result of abnormalities in specific areas. 展开更多
关键词 attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder positron emission tomography statistical parametric mapping
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A Neighborhood Method for Statistical Analysis of fMRI Data
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作者 Fayyaz Ahmad Ghanim Ullah Sung-Ho Kim 《Open Journal of Biophysics》 2012年第1期15-22,共8页
In an effort to cope with the fact that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are spatiotemporally correlated, we propose a novel statistical method with a view to improve the detection of brain regions wi... In an effort to cope with the fact that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are spatiotemporally correlated, we propose a novel statistical method with a view to improve the detection of brain regions with increased neu-ronal activity in fMRI. In this method, we make use of information from neighboring voxels of a voxel, for estimation at the voxel. We examined performance of the method against the statistical parametric mapping (SPM) method using both simulated and real data. The proposed method is shown to be considerably better than the SPM in the context of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. 展开更多
关键词 statistical parametric Mapping AUTOREGRESSIVE Model Initial VALUES ROC Curve GLM Regions of INTEREST
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A Brief Parametric Analysis of Catastrophic or Disastrous Hurricanes That Have Hit the Florida Keys between 1900 and 2000
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作者 J. M. D’Andrea 《American Journal of Computational Mathematics》 2018年第1期1-6,共6页
The most intense and catastrophic hurricanes on record to hit the Florida Keys during 1900 to 1950 were in 1919, and 1935. From 1950 to 2000, the most intense hurricanes to hit or affect the Florida Keys were in 1960,... The most intense and catastrophic hurricanes on record to hit the Florida Keys during 1900 to 1950 were in 1919, and 1935. From 1950 to 2000, the most intense hurricanes to hit or affect the Florida Keys were in 1960, 1965, and 1992. In this paper, we will present a brief parametric analysis of the hurricanes that have hit the Florida Keys in the last 100 years. This analysis will include the descriptive statistics, best fit probability distribution of the latitude of the catastrophic hurricanes and a confidence interval that detects the average latitude of hurricanes (category 3 or higher) which have hit the Florida Keys in the last 100 years. 展开更多
关键词 Florida KEYS Hurricanes parametric Analysis statistics Probability Distributions LATITUDE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS
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NONPARAMETRIC ESTIMATION OF BIVARIATE SURVIVAL FUNCTION UNDER THE COMPETING RISKS CASE
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作者 陈平 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 1992年第2期100-108,共9页
Estimation of the bivariate survival function under the competing risks caseis considered.We give an explicit formula for the estimator from a decomposition of thebivariate survival function based on competing risks,w... Estimation of the bivariate survival function under the competing risks caseis considered.We give an explicit formula for the estimator from a decomposition of thebivariate survival function based on competing risks,which is almost sure consistent. 展开更多
关键词 NON-parametric statistics/competing RISKS BIVARIATE survival function NONparametric estimation ALMOST sure CONSISTENT
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基于^(18)F-FDG PET的帕金森病脑葡萄糖代谢特征的纵向研究
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作者 冯蓓 王蓉 +4 位作者 李玲 刘莹 王会伟 董逸远 赵倩 《中国医学影像学杂志》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期226-232,249,共8页
目的建立帕金森病(PD)不同时期的脑葡萄糖代谢模式,分析目标感兴趣区(ROI)随时间的变化规律,探讨不同时期ROI与认知或运动的关系。资料与方法收集帕金森进展标志物研究项目在线数据2010年6月—2022年9月42例早期PD患者的临床数据,并在... 目的建立帕金森病(PD)不同时期的脑葡萄糖代谢模式,分析目标感兴趣区(ROI)随时间的变化规律,探讨不同时期ROI与认知或运动的关系。资料与方法收集帕金森进展标志物研究项目在线数据2010年6月—2022年9月42例早期PD患者的临床数据,并在基线、12、24、36和48个月行FDG PET成像。从该数据库中获得8例与PD患者同期的健康志愿者(对照组)数据。评估PD患者脑葡萄糖代谢的纵向变化及PD相关的脑区ROI与平均统一帕金森病评定量表评分的关系。结果PD患者位于额叶和顶叶联合区的活动相对减少,小脑、壳核和扣带回的活动相对增加。PD患者尾状核、壳核、苍白球和小脑的ROI最初高于对照组,随后下降;而扣带回、黑质的ROI与之相反。壳核、苍白球和尾状核代谢活性在36个月时与平均统一帕金森病评定量表评分呈正相关(r=0.6595、0.6787、0.7167,P均<0.05),而在24个月时呈负相关(r=-0.5418、-0.8789、-0.8876,P均<0.05)。结论本研究获得了早期PD的18F-FDG成像结果的5年纵向数据,PD患者尾状核、壳核和苍白球的糖代谢活性与平均统一帕金森病评定量表评分具有相关性。 展开更多
关键词 帕金森病 正电子发射断层摄影术 氟脱氧核糖F18 统计参数映射 代谢 纵向研究
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时序网络上异常演化模式研究
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作者 武南南 郭泽浩 +3 位作者 赵一鸣 余韦 孙英 王文俊 《计算机科学》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期118-127,共10页
许多异常子图检测方法已经被成功应用于社交网络中的事件检测、道路网络中的交通拥堵检测等任务中。然而,在属性图中异常子图的动态演化方面,鲜有研究开展。文中提出了一种名为动态演化多异常子图扫描(DE-MASS)的方法,用于检测属性图上... 许多异常子图检测方法已经被成功应用于社交网络中的事件检测、道路网络中的交通拥堵检测等任务中。然而,在属性图中异常子图的动态演化方面,鲜有研究开展。文中提出了一种名为动态演化多异常子图扫描(DE-MASS)的方法,用于检测属性图上多个异常子图的演化模式,这是第一个捕捉相邻时间片上多个相连异常子图的动态图研究。DE-MASS在微博数据集、计算机流量数据集上的表现优于其他基准方法,并检测到3个实际应用中异常子图的演化模式:城市道路网络中的交通拥堵检测(北京、天津和南京)、社交网络(微博)中的事件检测和计算机流量网络中的网络攻击检测。 展开更多
关键词 异常检测 子图 动态图 非参数扫描统计
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Differences between lower extremity joint running kinetics captured by marker-based and markerless systems were speed dependent
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作者 Hui Tang Barry Munkasy Li Li 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第4期569-578,共10页
Background:The development of computer vision technology has enabled the use of markerless movement tracking for biomechanical analysis.Recent research has reported the feasibility of markerless systems in motion anal... Background:The development of computer vision technology has enabled the use of markerless movement tracking for biomechanical analysis.Recent research has reported the feasibility of markerless systems in motion analysis but has yet to fully explore their utility for capturing faster movements,such as running.Applied studies using markerless systems in clinical and sports settings are still lacking.Thus,the present study compared running biomechanics estimated by marker-based and markerless systems.Given running speed not only affects sports performance but is also associated with clinical injury prevention,diagnosis,and rehabilitation,we aimed to investigate the effects of speed on the comparison of estimated lower extremity joint moments and powers between markerless and marker-based technologies during treadmill running as a concurrent validating study.Methods:Kinematic data from marker-based/markerless technologies were collected,along with ground reaction force data,from 16 young adults running on an instrumented treadmill at 3 speeds:2.24 m/s,2.91 m/s,and 3.58 m/s(5.0 miles/h,6.5 miles/h,and 8.0 miles/h).Sagittal plane moments and powers of the hip,knee,and ankle were calculated by inverse dynamic methods.Time series analysis and statistical parametric mapping were used to determine system differences.Results:Compared to the marker-based system,the markerless system estimated increased lower extremity joint kinetics with faster speed during the swing phase in most cases.Conclusion:Despite the promising application of markerless technology in clinical settings,systematic markerless overestimation requires focused attention.Based on segment pose estimations,the centers of mass estimated by markerless technologies were farther away from the relevant distal joint centers,which led to greater joint moments and powers estimates by markerless vs.marker-based systems.The differences were amplified by running speed. 展开更多
关键词 BIOMECHANICS Motion capture GAIT statistical parametric mapping
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近40 a安顺市汛期降水的气候特征分析
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作者 方鹏 曾妮 +3 位作者 方怡瑾 胡秋红 王冉熙 刘思洋 《山地气象学报》 2024年第5期94-99,共6页
【目的】为探索安顺市汛期降水的气候特征。【方法】利用1984-2023年4-9月安顺市6个国家气象站的逐日降水资料、NCEP/NCAR第二套再分析资料,运用合成分析、统计分析、Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验及Morlet小波分析等方法,对安顺市汛期降... 【目的】为探索安顺市汛期降水的气候特征。【方法】利用1984-2023年4-9月安顺市6个国家气象站的逐日降水资料、NCEP/NCAR第二套再分析资料,运用合成分析、统计分析、Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验及Morlet小波分析等方法,对安顺市汛期降水进行分析。【结果】安顺市汛期降水呈现明显的年代际变化特征,具有6~8 a长周期和准2 a的短周期变化特征,其汛期多年平均总降水量呈现西多东少的特征,降水量高值中心位于镇宁县,低值中心位于平坝区,降水异常偏多年的总降水量空间分布特征与多年平均基本一致,降水异常偏少年的总降水量的高值中心转移到普定县,低值中心转移到西秀区,呈现西北多、东北少的特征。汛期安顺市国家气象站的降水量级以小雨为主,其占比达70.26%,暴雨及以上量级的降水占比仅为3.92%。降水异常偏多年500 hPa位势高度距平场上乌拉尔山附近为负距平中心,西伯利亚地区为正距平,亚洲中高纬地区主要表现为“+、-、+”的南北结构特征,中国大部分地区为负距平,西太平洋副热带高压西伸脊点位于135°E左右,且位于正距平区,汛期降水异常偏少年的500 hPa位势高度距平场与异常偏多年基本相反,且西太平洋副热带高压较弱,西脊点位于142°E以东,位于负距平区。【结论】研究成果可为生产建设、洪涝灾害防御及提高汛期降水预报能力提供一定的参考。 展开更多
关键词 汛期降水 MORLET小波分析 Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验
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课程思政引领下的“非参数统计”教学改革探索
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作者 谢天婷 《教育教学论坛》 2024年第32期64-68,共5页
以课程思政建设为契机,对“非参数统计”课程的教学改革问题进行了探讨。基于价值塑造、能力培养、知识传授“三位一体”的育人理念,确定了课程思政的建设目标,以此为导向,提出了纵向深挖逻辑、横向引申拓展和引入实证案例等三种思政元... 以课程思政建设为契机,对“非参数统计”课程的教学改革问题进行了探讨。基于价值塑造、能力培养、知识传授“三位一体”的育人理念,确定了课程思政的建设目标,以此为导向,提出了纵向深挖逻辑、横向引申拓展和引入实证案例等三种思政元素挖掘方式,并分别结合课程具体内容进行了示例说明;针对考核方式、教学模式以及案例资源库的建立,探讨了课程思政教学方法的改进问题,以助力贯彻思想政治教育,落实立德树人根本任务。 展开更多
关键词 课程思政 教学改革 非参数统计
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桂南花岗岩残积土边坡稳定性分析及坡率优化建议
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作者 王豪 《路基工程》 2024年第2期107-110,共4页
基于桂南地区岑溪—大新公路信宜至玉林(广西段)高速公路地质勘察资料,统计分析花岗岩残积土室内试验指标的规律及变异性,结合现场调查情况开展非饱和渗流应力耦合花岗岩残积土边坡稳定性数值模拟,研究降雨条件下不同边坡坡率与稳定系... 基于桂南地区岑溪—大新公路信宜至玉林(广西段)高速公路地质勘察资料,统计分析花岗岩残积土室内试验指标的规律及变异性,结合现场调查情况开展非饱和渗流应力耦合花岗岩残积土边坡稳定性数值模拟,研究降雨条件下不同边坡坡率与稳定系数的关系。结果表明:花岗岩残积土物理力学指标具有明显的变异性,黏聚力指标变异性最大;花岗岩残积土边坡坡率较缓时增加了降雨入渗及冲刷,但过陡又容易引起边坡失稳;边坡坡率为1∶0.75时可充分利用花岗岩残积土自身强度。建议边坡设计时设置合理坡率,可采用上缓下陡、分级开挖方案,单级边坡坡率取1∶0.75~1∶1.50(上部边坡坡率可适当放缓)。 展开更多
关键词 花岗岩残积土 参数统计 流固耦合 边坡稳定性 坡率建议
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Statistical Diagnosis and Gross Error Test for Semiparametric Linear Model 被引量:1
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作者 DING Shijun ZHANG Songlin JIANG Weiping WANG Shouchun 《Geo-Spatial Information Science》 2009年第4期296-302,共7页
This paper systematically studies the statistical diagnosis and hypothesis testing for the semiparametric linear regression model according to the theories and methods of the statistical diagnosis and hypothesis testi... This paper systematically studies the statistical diagnosis and hypothesis testing for the semiparametric linear regression model according to the theories and methods of the statistical diagnosis and hypothesis testing for parametric regression model.Several diagnostic measures and the methods for gross error testing are derived.Especially,the global and local influence analysis of the gross error on the parameter X and the nonparameter s are discussed in detail;at the same time,the paper proves that the data point deletion model is equivalent to the mean shift model for the semiparametric regression model.Finally,with one simulative computing example,some helpful conclusions are drawn. 展开更多
关键词 parametric regression semiparametric linear model influencing analysis statistical diagnosis gross error testing
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Inferences for the Generalized Logistic Distribution Based on Record Statistics
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作者 Rashad M. El-Sagheer 《Intelligent Information Management》 2014年第4期171-182,共12页
Estimation for the parameters of the generalized logistic distribution (GLD) is obtained based on record statistics from a Bayesian and non-Bayesian approach. The Bayes estimators cannot be obtained in explicit forms.... Estimation for the parameters of the generalized logistic distribution (GLD) is obtained based on record statistics from a Bayesian and non-Bayesian approach. The Bayes estimators cannot be obtained in explicit forms. So the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are used for computing the Bayes estimates. Point estimation and confidence intervals based on maximum likelihood and the parametric bootstrap methods are proposed for estimating the unknown parameters. A numerical example has been analyzed for illustrative purposes. Comparisons are made between Bayesian and maximum likelihood estimators via Monte Carlo simulation. 展开更多
关键词 Generalized Logistic Distribution (GLD) RECORD statistics parametric BOOTSTRAP Methods BAYES Estimation Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Gibbs and METROPOLIS SAMPLER
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基于统计参数映射分析不同习惯落地模式跑者跑步过程中地面反力的差异 被引量:2
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作者 魏震 王琳 《应用力学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第2期474-480,共7页
比较不同足落地模式跑者地面反力(ground reaction force, GRF)特征值是否存在差异,并基于一维统计参数映射(statistical parametric mapping, SPM)探索不同足落地模式跑者足触地期间GRF-时间连续性数据的差异。研究纳入32名习惯后足落... 比较不同足落地模式跑者地面反力(ground reaction force, GRF)特征值是否存在差异,并基于一维统计参数映射(statistical parametric mapping, SPM)探索不同足落地模式跑者足触地期间GRF-时间连续性数据的差异。研究纳入32名习惯后足落地跑者(rearfoot strike, RFS)和27名习惯非后足落地跑者(non-rearfoot strike, NRFS),跑者以12 km/h的速度在构建的橡胶跑道上进行跑步,Kistler测力台被用于采集跑步过程中GRF的数据。采用SPM分析不同足落地模式跑者足触地期间三维方向GRF-时间连续性数据的差异。GRF特征值方面,RFS跑者的垂直平均负荷率和触地时前-后方向GRF均显著大于NRFS跑者。SPM结果发现,相较于NRFS跑者,RFS跑者的GRF曲线在站立相前-后方向的5%~10%显著较大,内-外方向的4%~12%显著较小,垂直方向的0~3%显著较小,8%~14%显著较大。对比GRF特征值和SPM分析结果,发现通过特征值分析不足以代表足触地期间GRF-时间连续性数据的变化,应建立连续性假设检验了解跑步过程中的生物力学变化,进而更好为跑步损伤预防提供一定的指导。 展开更多
关键词 统计参数映射 一维数据 地面反力 跑步爱好者 足落地模式
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不同水平射箭运动员撒放阶段动作特征的差异研究——基于统计参数映射
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作者 邢睿 张璟 +1 位作者 周兴龙 曲峰 《中国体育科技》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第12期3-9,共7页
目的:基于统计参数映射法(statistical parametric mapping,SPM),探讨不同水平射箭运动员在撒放阶段的动作姿态特征和姿势控制能力差异。方法:20名男子射箭运动员按运动员技术等级分为健将组(n=10)和一级组(n=10),运用Qualisys红外光点... 目的:基于统计参数映射法(statistical parametric mapping,SPM),探讨不同水平射箭运动员在撒放阶段的动作姿态特征和姿势控制能力差异。方法:20名男子射箭运动员按运动员技术等级分为健将组(n=10)和一级组(n=10),运用Qualisys红外光点运动捕捉系统采集成绩在10环区域以内的射箭运动学数据,采用统计参数映射法对比分析不同水平射箭运动员在撒放阶段的动作特征差异。结果:不同水平射箭运动员持弓侧与拉弓侧的姿态角向量场在整个撒放阶段均存在统计学差异,结合事后SPM两独立样本t检验发现,该差异主要来源于,与一级组相比,健将组:1)在撒放前,持弓侧肩关节屈曲角、水平屈曲角更大(P=0.001),拉弓侧肘关节屈曲角、前臂旋转角更大(P=0.001);2)撒放后,拉弓侧各肩关节姿态角变化速率更小(P=0.001),且2组运动员肘关节屈伸角在撒放后即刻表现出相反的变化趋势。此外,在撒放前,健将组的持弓侧肩点与腕点、拉弓侧肩点与肘点,以及弓点的晃动体积均显著小于一级组(P<0.05)。结论:不同水平射箭运动员在撒放阶段的姿态特征以及姿势控制方面存在差异。姿态特征方面,在撒放前,健将级运动员身体与弓箭系统之间的距离相对较远,且拉弓侧前臂外旋更多;姿势控制方面,健将级运动员在撒放前对近端环节及弓的稳定控制能力更强,在撒放后即刻对拉弓侧肩关节的姿势控制能力较高,能够有效减少惯性对其姿态的影响;此外,应注重撒放后即刻对远端环节肢体的控制,降低撒放动作对箭支的影响。 展开更多
关键词 射箭 撒放阶段 统计参数映射
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秩方法在高中学业增值评价中的应用研究
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作者 张青华 蒲心仪 +1 位作者 张琳 任涛 《中国考试》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第12期55-65,共11页
近十年来,增值评价在我国取得了长足发展,但在专业技术领域仍存在量化模型的适用性、结果的准确性与可解释性以及实践应用的可操作性等方面的不足。基于学生的中考与高考成绩,依据秩百分位统计量及其对应的秩百分位均值,构建量化高中学... 近十年来,增值评价在我国取得了长足发展,但在专业技术领域仍存在量化模型的适用性、结果的准确性与可解释性以及实践应用的可操作性等方面的不足。基于学生的中考与高考成绩,依据秩百分位统计量及其对应的秩百分位均值,构建量化高中学业增值评价的秩方法。应用研究结果表明,非参数估计的增值秩方法可适用于较广泛的数据资料,能够量化、细化评价不同起始水平对象的增值情况,为增值评价提供多元的参考视角。 展开更多
关键词 增值评价 高中学业评价 秩统计量 非参数方法
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