A Mini Review on Natural Fiber Honeycomb (NFH) Sandwiched Structure Composite: Flexural Perfomance Perspective

Natural Fiber Honeycomb (NFH) sandwiched structure composite is a type of composite that uses natural fiber as the reinforcement material and honeycomb structure in the form of a sandwich panel. The demand for commercial use of natural fiber-based composites is increasing in the past few years in many industrial sectors. The increase in popularity of natural fibers is because of their particular properties, price, health benefits, and recyclability. This paper aims to analyze the data and analysis of the past research about NFH sandwiched structure composite in terms of the materials used to make the NFH, the physical and mechanical properties, and their applications. Based on the literature review conducted, there were many types of materials used to make the NFH sandwiched structure composite. Some experimental tests were planned and conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of the NFH and its potential to be used in the desired industries. However, there are not many implementations of NFH composite in the construction industry. This is due to the concern related to the issue of the structural integrity of the NFH composite. From the literature review conducted, most of the research shows a positive analysis of the mechanical properties and the potential of the developed NFH to be used for the targeted industry in the study. Therefore, it can be observed that the material used in this study has a high potential to be used in the construction industry.

Development of Composite Cellular Cores for Sandwich Panels Based on Folded Polar Quadra-Structures

An idea to develop a family of cellular cores for sandwich panels using a technology of prepreg folding is presented. Polar folded quadra structures are regarded as a geometric basis for these cores whose standard frag ment has lhe fourlh degree of axial symmelry. The classification of the polar strucluresaredeseribedanda method of various quadra slrueture synthesis is developed. A possibilily to provide high strength of lhe structure due m preservation of faces reinforcement pattern is presented. Arrangemen! of the plane core on a bi curvature surface is also introduced. Besides, provision of isotropyof the core in two or three directions are described. Finally, exam ples of cellular folded cores manufaclured from basalt reinforced plaslic are demonslrated.

Mechanical characteristics of composite honeycomb sandwichstructures under oblique impact

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)and CFRP-based composite honeycomb sandwich structures are particularly sensitive to impact.The mechanical characteristics of composite honeycomb sandwich structures under oblique impact are studied by numerical simulation and experiment.The oblique impact model is established,and the reliability of the model is verified by the oblique impact test.To further analyze the influence of structural parameters on energy absorption under oblique impact,the influence of impact angle,face sheet thickness and wall thickness of the honeycomb is numerically studied.The results show that the impact angle has an important effect on energy distribution.The structural parameters also have an effect on the peak contact force,contact time,and energy absorption,and the effect is different from normal impact due to the presence of frictional dissipation energy.Compared with normal impact,the debonding of oblique impact will be reduced,but the buckling range of the honeycomb core will be expanded.

Three-point bending performance of a new aluminum foam composite structure

A new composite structure based on aluminum foam sandwich and fiber metal laminate was proposed. A layer of glass fiber was provided at the interface between the metal panel and the aluminum foam core in this composite structure, using adhesive technology to bond the materials together by organic glue in the sequence of metal panel, glass fiber, aluminum foam core, glass fiber and metal panel. The experimental results show that the new composite structure has an improved comprehensive performance compared with the traditional aluminum foam sandwiches. The optimized parameters for the fabrication of the new aluminum foam composite structure with best bending strength were obtained. The epoxy resin and low porosity aluminum foams are preferred, the thickness of aluminum sheets should be at least 1.5 mm, and the type of glass fiber has little effect on the bending strength. The main failure modes of the new composite structures with two types of glues were discussed.

Magneto-rheological elastomer (MRE) based composite structures for micro-vibration control

Magneto-rheological elastomers （MILEs） are used to construct composite structures for micro-vibration control of equipment under stochastic support-motion excitations. The dynamic behavior of MREs as a smart viscoelastic material is characterized by a complex modulus dependent on vibration frequency and controllable by external magnetic fields. Frequency-domain solution methods for stochastic micro-vibration response analysis of the MRE-based structural systems are developed to derive the system frequency-response function matrices and the expressions of the velocity response spectrum. With these equations, the root-mean-square （RMS） velocity responses in terms of the one-third octave frequency band spectrum can be calculated. Further, the optimization problem of the complex moduli of the MRE cores is defined by minimizing the velocity response spectra and the RMS velocity responses through altering the applied magnetic fields. Simulation results illustrate the influences of MRE parameters on the RMS velocity responses and the high response reduction capacities of the MRE-based structures. In addition, the developed frequency-domain analysis methods are applicable to sandwich beam structures with arbitrary cores characterized by complex shear moduli under stochastic excitations described by power spectral density functions, and are valid for a wide frequency range.

Buckling of carbon fiber composite pyramidal truss core sandwich columns

This paper deals with the theoretical prediction of global buckling loads for carbon fiber composite pyramidal truss core sandwich columns. Different from thin plate structures, transverse shear effect can not be neglected for sandwich structures. In addition, the attributes of the laminated face sheets are considered in the present paper. A zig-zag displacement approximation is made. Based on the principle of minimum potential en- ergy, equilibrium equations and boundary conditions are derived via the variational method. The critical buck- ling loads under various boundary conditions are presented. In order to validate the reasonableness of the equiv- alent-core method, the strain energies stored in the actual discrete truss members and the equivalent continuous homogenous core layer are calculated respectively and compared, and a good agreement is obtained. The pro- posed analytical method is verified by comparing with the published theoretical predictions and experimental re- suhs.

Flexible,robust,sandwich structure polyimide composite film with alternative MXene and Ag NWs layers for electromagnetic interference shielding

The design and fabrication of electromagnetic interference shielding films with a novel structure to eliminate undesirable electromagnetic pollution is an important research direction.However,it is still a challenge to combine and organize nanofillers in different dimensions into the structured network in polymer-based electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding composites.In this work,a sandwich struc-ture polyimide(PI)composite film with alternative 2D-MXene network and 1D-Silver nanowires(Ag NWs)network was prepared through the“electrospinning-immersion-hot pressing”method.With the increase of Ag NWs content,the EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)gradually increases while maintaining good flexibility and mechanical robustness.The EMI SE and the tensile strength of 150μm thick sand-wich composite film can reach up to 79.54 dB and 39.82 MPa,respectively.The prepared flexible and robust PI composite film with a sandwich structure has high EMI SE with less metal content,which can provide guidelines for the development of high-performance EMI polymeric films with potentials in wearable devices and equipment.

Additive Manufacturing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Sandwich Structures with Multiscale Cellular Cores

The use of composite sandwich structures with cellular cores is prevalent in lightweight designs owing to their superior energy-absorbing abilities.However,current manufacturing processes,such as hot-press molding and mold pressing,require multiple steps and complex tools,thus limiting the exploration of advanced sandwich structure designs.This study reports a novel multi-material additive manufacturing(AM)process that allows the single-step production of continuous fiber-reinforced polymer composite(CFRPC)sandwich structures with multiscale cellular cores.Specifically,the integration of CFRPC-AM and in situ foam AM processes provides effective and efficient fabrication of CFRPC panels and multiscale cellular cores with intricate designs.The cellular core design spans three levels:microcellular,unit-cell,and graded structures.Sandwich structures with a diverse set of unit-cell designs,that is,rhombus,square,honeycomb,and re-entrant honeycomb,were fabricated and their flexural behaviors were studied experimentally.The results showed that the sandwich structure with a rhombus core design possessed the highest flexural stiffness,strength,and specific energy absorption.In addition,the effect of the unit-cell assembly on the flexural performance of the CFRP composite sandwich structure was examined.The proposed design and fabrication methods open new avenues for constructing novel and high-performance CFRPC structures with multiscale cellular cores that cannot be obtained using existing approaches.

Thermodynamic property of sandwich cylindrical shell structure with metallic wire mesh:Numerical modeling and experimental analysis

As a new addition to lightweight composite structures,the sandwich cylindrical shell with a metallic wire mesh core has emerged as a promising solution for thermodynamic performance analysis at elevated temperatures.The intricate interwoven cellular formations within the metallic wire mesh pose difficulties for thermo-mechanical modeling and property evaluation.First,the constitutive models employed to characterize hysteresis phenomena were presented,comprising isotropic elasticity,Bergstrom-Boyce model,Ogden hyper-elasticity,and parameter identification through mechanical examinations at varying temperatures.Second,the finite element modeling of cylindrical shell structures was determined for modal and steady-state dynamic analyses.Third,the experimental procedures were carried out,including the preparation of the sandwich cylindrical shell and the dynamic testing platform.The first-order natural frequency of the cylindrical shell structure is close to the resonance frequency of the dynamic test results,with a maximum error of 6.5%,demonstrating the accuracy of the simulation model.When compared to the solid-core cylindrical shell,the average insertion loss of the sandwich cylindrical shell structure within the frequency range of 10–1000 Hz at room temperature is up to 11.09 dB.Furthermore,at elevated temperatures,the average insertion loss of the sandwich cylindrical shell decreases but fluctuates as the temperature changes.

Analysis of a New Composite Material for Watercraft Manufacturing

In this paper, we investigate the properties of an alternative material for use in marine engineering, namely a rigid and light sandwich-structured composite made of expanded polystyrene and fiberglass. Not only does this material have an improved section modulus, but it is also inexpensive, light, easy to manipulate, and commercially available in various sizes. Using a computer program based on the finite element method, we calculated the hogging and sagging stresses and strains acting on a prismatic boat model composed of this material, and determined the minimum sizes and maximum permissible stresses to avoid deformation. Finally, we calculated the structural weight of the resulting vessel for comparison with another structure of comparable dimensions constructed from the commonly used core material Divinycell.

Importance Measure Analysis for Use in Dynamic Performance Design of a Co-cured Composite Damping Instrument Panel

For the best dynamic performance of a co-cured composite damping instrument panel with light weight and high strength, a multilayer sandwich structure with polymethaerylimide （PMI） foam combined with embedded and co-cured composite damping structure is proposed. The struetue can maintain the excellent mechanical properties of composite materials, and achieve the damping and light effect at the same time. Input variables which may affect the dynamic performance of the instrument panel were selected and variance based importance measure was analyzed through multi- finite element method （FEM） analysis. Using the results of the importance measure analysis, with other design requirements, the important design variable was optimized and an instrument panel with the best dynamic performance under the requirements of light weight and high strength was obtained. The structure of the instrument panel can provide reference for the design of precision, high speed, and dynamic composite component. The importance measure analysis of dynamic performance of the instrument panel can provide a reference for relative design.

Effective Elastic Properties of Honeycomb Core with Fiber-Reinforced Composite Cells

Sandwich construction incorporating a honeycomb cellular core offers the attainment of structures that are very stiff and strong in bending while the weight is kept at a minimum. Generally, an aluminum or Nomex honeycomb core is used in applications requiring sandwich construction with fiber-reinforced composite facesheets. However, the use of a fiber-reinforced composite core offers the potential for even lower weight, increased stiffness and strength, low thermal distortion compatible with that of the facesheets, the absence of galvanic corrosion and the ability to readily modify the core properties to suit specialized needs. Furthermore, the material of the core itself will exhibit anisotropic material properties in this case. In order to design, analyze and optimize these structures, knowledge of the effective mechanical properties of the core is essential. In this paper, the effective three-dimensional mechanical properties of a composite hexagonal cell core are determined using a numerical method based on a finite element analysis of a representative unit cell. In particular, the geometry of the simplest repeating unit of the core as well as the appropriate loading and boundary conditions that must be applied is presented.

挖补修理蜂窝夹芯结构侧压强度的可靠性及灵敏度分析

以挖补修理复合材料蜂窝夹芯结构为研究对象,考虑胶层性能的不确定性,通过ABAQUS-MATLAB-Python联合仿真,建立挖补修理蜂窝夹芯结构侧向压缩渐进损伤分析模型,得到随机变量与其所对应的输出响应。基于蒙特卡罗法进行可靠性分析,采用基于方差和失效概率的全局灵敏度分析方法进行参数灵敏度分析。结果表明:外载荷在不同数值区间下结构失效概率具有较大差异,在接近极限破坏载荷时失效概率显著增加;胶层厚度方向的弹性模量和面内两个相互垂直方向上的剪切模量对挖补修理蜂窝夹芯结构侧压强度方差和失效概率的影响较大。

Pt-Al₂OM₃Composite Material Designed for Cyclic Production of Optical Glasses under High Temperature Conditions

The article considers one of the possible approaches to the solution of an urgent issue of metal consumption reduction, increase of operating life and maximum operating temperature as well as reduction of irrecoverable losses of platinum products and alloys when operating under high temperature conditions, particularly for glassblowing and single crystal growing crucibles. A two-layered composite material based on platinum-group metals and corundum plasma ceramics is thoroughly investigated. A successful experience of crucibles exploitation, designed for production of high temperature optical glasses from the composite and results of the research on composite material specimens are described.

BN-石墨烯-BN夹层式结构的ABS基复合材料导热绝缘性能

为解决石墨烯/ABS复合材料导热不绝缘,采用夹层式结构制备ABS基导热绝缘材料。通过混炼分别得到石墨烯/ABS、六方氮化硼(hBN)/ABS复合材料,再将hBN/ABS对石墨烯/ABS进行包覆,得到了hBN/ABS—石墨烯/ABS—hBN/ABS夹层式结构的导热绝缘材料。研究了石墨烯含量和夹层厚度对ABS基导热绝缘材料标准试样的热导率、电阻率的影响,发现,包覆了hBN/ABS绝缘层后的夹层式结构试样,石墨烯填料对导热性能的提升作用幅度减小,此时,材料受氮化硼/ABS绝缘层热传导的影响较大,与改性前的ABS相比,复合材料导热性能得到较大的改善,同时,复合材料阻值达1×1010数量级,成为绝缘体。

聚丙烯腈基多层异质柔性复合薄膜制备及其压电特性

为了解决压电纳米发电机的柔性和压电输出特性不能协同提高的难题,采用旋涂法制备纯聚丙烯腈(PAN)压电薄膜和PAN/氧化石墨烯(rGO)复合压电薄膜,通过堆叠热压法制备PAN-PAN/rGO-PAN和PAN/rGO-PANPAN/rGO两种典型的三明治异质压电纳米发电机。系统研究了rGO掺杂质量分数对PAN/rGO复合压电薄膜和两种典型异质复合薄膜的压电输出性能的影响。研究结果表明,三层异质PAN-PAN/rGO-PAN型和PAN/rGO-PANPAN/rGO型复合薄膜压电纳米发电机输出最大的电压分别达到4.61 V和5.80 V,比三层同质PAN-PAN-PAN复合压电纳米发电机输出电压分别提高34.0%和68.6%。当负载电阻为10 MΩ时,PAN/rGO_(0.4)-PAN-PAN/rGO_(0.4)复合薄膜压电纳米发电机的输出功率最大值为2.02μW。经过4500次循环测试表明,本文制备的三层异质复合薄膜输出性能稳定。该纳米发电机有望作为自供能微型压力传感器在柔性可穿戴电子设备和电子皮肤中广泛应用。

PDMS包封CPCM制备三明治结构织物及热性能分析

为解决正十八烷在使用过程中的相泄露问题,以细菌纤维素膜为支撑载体、聚二甲基硅氧烷为包封材料,通过真空浸渍和热固处理制备形稳性复合相变材料。正十八烷浸渍率高达84.9%,潜热能为212.70 J/g,可经受100次热循环测试。经180°弯折后回弹角为156.4°,回弹角相较于包封前提高了131.7%。以复合相变材料为中间层、涤棉混纺织物为外层,经由聚二甲基硅氧烷粘合和固化处理,制得三明治结构织物。吸热饱和后,三明治织物表面温度比普通织物延时降温310 s,在日照模型和人体热管理测试中其覆盖的空间内部温度比普通织物覆盖处降低0.9℃,显示出优异的储热和隔热性能。

Mechanical Response of All-composite Pyramidal Lattice Truss Core Sandwich Structures

The mechanical performance of an all-composite pyramidal lattice truss core sandwich structure was investigated both theoretically and experimentally.Sandwich structures were fabricated with a hot compression molding method using carbon fiber reinforced composite T700/3234.The out-of-plane compression and shear tests were conducted.Experimental results showed that the all-composite pyramidal lattice truss core sandwich structures were more weight efficient than other metallic lattice truss core sandwich structures.Failure modes revealed that node rupture dominated the mechanical behavior of sandwich structures.

抗冲击地压复合夹芯组合板的静、动态力学性能研究

基于吸能防冲的理念,设计了一种由玻璃纤维复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer, GFRP)顶底板和三角锥点阵夹芯层(芯杆为LY160低屈服点钢)组成的复合夹芯组合板,它可与金属支架结合形成两级吸能防冲支护体系。测试并获得了GFRP和LY160低屈服点钢在准静态以及动态试验条件下的抗拉强度等基本力学参数,拟合得到了LY160低屈服点钢的C-S(Couper-Symonds)动态本构模型参数。开展了复合夹芯组合板的准静态平压试验,进行了夹芯板抗冲击性能的有限元参数分析。结果表明,随着芯杆直径的增加,试件单位体积吸收的能量显著增加,芯杆直径为6 mm试件吸收能量是直径为4 mm试件的6.0倍,单位质量吸收的能量也有所提升,但芯杆直径超过6 mm后变化不明显。当冲击地压震级为3级时,芯杆直径与单胞宽度对夹芯板结构的能量吸收率和单位质量吸收能量值影响显著,当芯杆直径为6 mm时,能量吸收率可达90%以上,而当单胞宽度为140 mm时,夹芯板兼顾吸能效率和经济性。

装配式带夹芯保温槽型玻璃钢-钢板-槽钢-混凝土组合剪力墙轴压性能研究

提出一种装配式带夹芯保温槽型玻璃钢-钢板-槽钢-混凝土组合剪力墙,设计3个具有不同配筋形式和混凝土种类的墙板试件进行轴心受压试验,获得墙板在轴压作用下的破坏模式、荷载-位移曲线、荷载-应变曲线、承载力储备系数、延性系数、材料利用率等性能指标。通过ABAQUS有限元分析软件对墙板进行参数化分析,研究内嵌钢板强度和厚度对其轴压性能的影响。结果表明,墙板具有良好的承载力储备能力和延性性能;混凝土中掺入1%体积比的钢纤维可显著提高墙板内混凝土的抗拉性能,使混凝土强度得到更加充分的利用,布置钢筋可以显著提高墙板延性;墙板的承载力和延性随内嵌钢板厚度和强度的增加而增大,强度为Q355、厚度为4、6mm时,墙板材料利用率更高。提出适用于该类墙板的轴压承载力设计公式,考虑钢板屈曲和截面组合效应的墙板轴心受压承载力设计公式计算结果较精确。