The intricate interplay between the human immune system and cancer development underscores the central role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment.Within this landscape,the innate immune system,a critical sentinel prote...The intricate interplay between the human immune system and cancer development underscores the central role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment.Within this landscape,the innate immune system,a critical sentinel protecting against tumor incursion,is a key player.The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(c GAS)and stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway has been found to be a linchpin of innate immunity:activation of this signaling pathway orchestrates the production of type I interferon(IFN-α/β),thus fostering the maturation,differentiation,and mobilization of immune effectors in the tumor microenvironment.Furthermore,STING activation facilitates the release and presentation of tumor antigens,and therefore is an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy.Current strategies to activate the STING pathway,including use of pharmacological agonists,have made substantial advancements,particularly when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.These approaches have shown promise in preclinical and clinical settings,by enhancing patient survival rates.This review describes the evolving understanding of the c GAS-STING pathway's involvement in tumor biology and therapy.Moreover,this review explores classical and non-classical STING agonists,providing insights into their mechanisms of action and potential for optimizing immunotherapy strategies.Despite challenges and complexities,the c GAS-STING pathway,a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy,has the potential to revolutionize patient outcomes.展开更多
目的概述STING信号通路在骨质疏松中的作用机制与研究成果,从而为骨质疏松的治疗提供新的思路。方法于2023年11月在PubMed和中国知网数据库中以“STING、osteoporosis、osteoblast、osteoclast、IFN-β、NF-κB、type H vessels”为英...目的概述STING信号通路在骨质疏松中的作用机制与研究成果,从而为骨质疏松的治疗提供新的思路。方法于2023年11月在PubMed和中国知网数据库中以“STING、osteoporosis、osteoblast、osteoclast、IFN-β、NF-κB、type H vessels”为英文检索词进行检索,以“STING信号通路、成骨细胞、破骨细胞、IFN-β、NF-κB、H型血管”为中文检索词进行检索。结果通过阅读标题及摘要进行文献筛选,最终引用论文数41篇。结论STING通路为骨质疏松症中的治疗提供了新的方向。激活STING/IFN-β信号通路可抑制破骨细胞分化,抑制骨吸收。而STING/NF-κB信号可导致骨吸收增加、骨形成减少。此外,STING信号通路的激活可抑制具有成骨能力的H型血管的产生,从而抑制骨形成。因此,STING通路在骨质疏松疾病进展中具有双重调控作用,调控STING通路的不同分支有望发展更为有效的骨质疏松症治疗方法。展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFC3401500 and 2020YFA0803201 to P.W.,and 2021YFA1302200 to L.F.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31830053,31920103007,and 82341028 to P.W.+1 种基金82122056,82073153,and 31871398 to L.F.and 31900568 to P.W.)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.22ZR1450700 to Z.J.W.)。
文摘The intricate interplay between the human immune system and cancer development underscores the central role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment.Within this landscape,the innate immune system,a critical sentinel protecting against tumor incursion,is a key player.The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(c GAS)and stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway has been found to be a linchpin of innate immunity:activation of this signaling pathway orchestrates the production of type I interferon(IFN-α/β),thus fostering the maturation,differentiation,and mobilization of immune effectors in the tumor microenvironment.Furthermore,STING activation facilitates the release and presentation of tumor antigens,and therefore is an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy.Current strategies to activate the STING pathway,including use of pharmacological agonists,have made substantial advancements,particularly when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.These approaches have shown promise in preclinical and clinical settings,by enhancing patient survival rates.This review describes the evolving understanding of the c GAS-STING pathway's involvement in tumor biology and therapy.Moreover,this review explores classical and non-classical STING agonists,providing insights into their mechanisms of action and potential for optimizing immunotherapy strategies.Despite challenges and complexities,the c GAS-STING pathway,a promising avenue for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy,has the potential to revolutionize patient outcomes.
文摘目的概述STING信号通路在骨质疏松中的作用机制与研究成果,从而为骨质疏松的治疗提供新的思路。方法于2023年11月在PubMed和中国知网数据库中以“STING、osteoporosis、osteoblast、osteoclast、IFN-β、NF-κB、type H vessels”为英文检索词进行检索,以“STING信号通路、成骨细胞、破骨细胞、IFN-β、NF-κB、H型血管”为中文检索词进行检索。结果通过阅读标题及摘要进行文献筛选,最终引用论文数41篇。结论STING通路为骨质疏松症中的治疗提供了新的方向。激活STING/IFN-β信号通路可抑制破骨细胞分化,抑制骨吸收。而STING/NF-κB信号可导致骨吸收增加、骨形成减少。此外,STING信号通路的激活可抑制具有成骨能力的H型血管的产生,从而抑制骨形成。因此,STING通路在骨质疏松疾病进展中具有双重调控作用,调控STING通路的不同分支有望发展更为有效的骨质疏松症治疗方法。
