FDX1 as a novel biomarker and treatment target for stomach adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Stomach adenocarcinoma(STAD)is one of the main reasons for cancer-related deaths worldwide.This investigation aimed to define the connection between STAD and Cuproptosis-related genes(CRGs).Cuproptosis is a newly identified form of mitochondrial cell death triggered by copper.AIM To explore the identification of potential biomarkers for STAD disease based on cuproptosis.METHODS A predictive model using Gene Ontology(GO),Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO),Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),Gene Set Variation Analysis(GSVA),and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis analyzed gene interconnections,focusing on 3 copper-related genes and their expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas-STAD.Networks for mRNA-miRNA and mRNA-transcription factor interactions were constructed.The prognostic significance of CRG scores was evaluated using time-receiver operating characteristic,Kaplan-Meier curves,and COX regression analysis.Validation was conducted with datasets GSE26942,GSE54129,and GSE66229.Expression of copper-related differ-entially expressed genes was also analyzed in various human tissues and gastric cancer subpopulations using the human protein atlas.RESULTS Three significant genes(FDX1,LIAS,MTF1)were identified and selected via LASSO analysis to predict and classify individuals with STAD into high and low CRG score subgroups.These genes were down-regulated in both risk categories.GO and KEGG analyses highlighted their involvement mainly in the electron transport chain.After validating their differential expression,FDX1 emerged as the most accurate diagnostic marker for gastric cancer.Additionally,the RCircos package localized FDX1 on chromosome 11.CONCLUSION Our study revealed that FDX1 could be a potential biomarker and treatment target for gastric malignancy,providing new ideas for further scientific research.

Clinical Experience of Professor Du Xiaoquan's Treatment of Spleen and Spleen Disease

Professor du Xiaoquan is a famous Chinese medicine in Shaanxi Province,a master's tutor,a professor of Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese Medicine,a director of the Department of traditional Chinese Medicine,and a professor of Shen Shuwen,a national famous old Chinese medicine.

Bioinspired urease-powered micromotor as an active oral drug delivery carrier in stomach

Self-propelling micro-and nano-motors(MNMs)have been extensively investigated as an emerging oral drug delivery carrier for gastrointestinal(GI)tract diseases.However,the propulsion of current MNMs reported so far is mostly based on the redox reaction of metals(such as Zn and Mg)with severe propulsion gas generation,remaining non-degradable residue in the GI tract.Here,we develop a bioinspired enzyme-powered biopolymer micromotor mimicking the mucin penetrating behavior of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach.It converts urea to ammonia and the subsequent increase of pH induces local gel-sol transition of the mucin layer facilitating the penetration into the stomach tissue layer.The successful fabrication of micromotors is confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,electron energy loss spectroscopy,dynamic light scattering analysis,zeta-potential analysis.In acidic condition,the immobilized urease can efficiently converted urea to ammonia,comparable with that of neutral condition because of the increase of surrounding pH during propulsion.After administration into the stomach,the micromotors show enhanced penetration and prolonged retention in the stomach for 24 h.Furthermore,histological analysis shows that the micromotors are cleared within 3 days without causing any toxicity in the GI tract.The enhanced penetration and retention of the micromotors as an active oral delivery carrier in the stomach would be successfully harnessed for the treatment of various GI tract diseases.