Compatibility of rubber stoppers for recombinant antitumor-antivirus protein injection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A simple, rapid, and sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of two fatty acids, methyl hexadecanoate (MH) and methyl stearate (MS), to allow the evaluation of packaging-drug compatibility. The two migrants were quantified in selective ion-monitoring (SIM) mode, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.0030 μg/mL and 0.0121 μg/mL. Linear calibration curves for MH and MS were obtained in the concentration ranges of 0.1011–5.0570 μg/mL and 0.2015–10.0740 μg/mL, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to estimate the safety of the injection of recombinant antitumor-antivirus protein (RAAP). The results showed that the possible maximum daily intake was 3.0 ng and 12.1 ng for MH and MS, respectively. As these values were both below the permitted daily exposure, the migrants can be considered as having low safety risk and do not affect the quality of the injection.

Efficacy of ankaferd blood stopper application on nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

AIM:To prospectively assess the hemostatic efficacy of the endoscopic topical use of ankaferd blood stopper(ABS) in active non-variceal upper gastrointestinal system(GIS) bleeding.METHODS:Endoscopy was performed on 220 patients under suspiciency of GIS bleeding.Patients with active non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(NVUGIB) with a spurting or oozing type were included.Firstly,8-10 cc of isotonic saline was sprayed to bleeding lesions.Then,8 cc of ABS was applied on lesions in which bleeding continued after isotonic saline application.The other endoscopic therapeutic methods were applied on the lesions in which the bleeding did not stop after ABS.RESULTS:Twenty-seven patients had an active NVUGIB with a spurting or oozing type and 193 patients were excluded from the study since they did not have non-variceal active bleeding.8 cc of ABS was sprayed on to the lesions of 26 patients whose bleeding continued after isotonic saline and in 19 of them,bleeding stopped after ABS.Other endoscopic treatment methods were applied to the remaining patients and the bleeding was stopped with these interventions in 6 of 7 patients.CONCLUSION:ABS is an effective method on NVUGIB,particularly on young patients with no coagulopathy.ABS may be considered as part of a combination treatment with other endoscopic methods.

Effect of Thermal Buoyancy on Fluid Flow and Inclusion Motion in Tundish without Flow Control Devices——Part Ⅰ: Fluid Flow

The κ-ε two-equation model is used to simulate the fluid flow in the continuous casting tundish coupling with the effect of thermal buoyancy. The natural convection induced by the thermal buoyancy generates an upward flow pattern especially at the outlet zone, and has little effect on the fluid flow in the inlet zone. The maximum viscosity is 700 times larger than the laminar viscosity, which indicates the strong turbulent flow in the tundish. The maximum temperature difference in the whole tundish is 82 K. The temperature near the stopper rod and the short wall is obviously lower than that in the inlet zone. The existence of the stopper rod has a big effect on the fluid flow entering the SEN and the mold. All the characteristics of the tundish geometry should be considered to accurately simulate the fluid flow in the tundish.

Ankaferd hemostat in the management of gastrointestinal hemorrhages

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to any hemorrhage ascribed to the pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract,extending from the mouth to the anal canal.Despite the recent improvements in the endoscopic,hemostatic and adjuvant pharmacologic techniques,the reported mortality is still around 5%-10% for peptic ulcer bleeding and about 15%-20% for variceal hemorrhages.Although endoscopic management reduces the rates of re-bleeding,surgery,and mortality in active bleeding;early recurrence ratios still occur in around 20% of the cases even with effective initial hemostatic measures.In this quest for an alternative pro-hemostatic agent for the management of GI bleedings,Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) offers a successful candidate,specifically for "difficult-to-manage" situations as evidenced by data presented in several studies.ABS is a standardized mixture of the plants Thymus vulgaris,Glycyrrhiza glabra,Vitis vinifera,Alpinia officinarum,and Urtica dioica.It is effective in both bleeding individuals with normal hemostatic parameters and in patients with deficient primary and/or secondary hemostasis.ABS also modulates the cellular apoptotic responses to hemorrhagic stress,as well as hemostatic hemodynamic activity.Through its effects on the endothelium,blood cells,angiogenesis,cellular proliferation,vascular dynamics,and wound healing,ABS is now becoming an effective alternative hemostatic medicine for gastrointestinal bleedings that are resistant to conventional anti-hemorrhagic measurements.The aim of this review is to outline current literature experience suggesting the place of ABS in the management of GI bleeding,and potential future controlled trials in this complicated field.

The Role of Ankaferd Blood Stopper and Oxytocin as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Endometriosis:A Rat Model

To evaluate the potential effect of Ankaferd Blood Stopper(ABS)and oxytocin(OT)in an experimental endometriosis model,18 female Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study.The animals were divided randomly into three groups after surgical induction of endometriosis:group 1:control group(isotonic NaCl,1 mL/kg/day,intramuscular,n=6);group 2:OT group(OT,80 U/kg/day,intramuscular,n=6);group 3:ABS group(ABS,1.5 mL/kg/day,intraperitoneal,n=6).Each group was treated for four weeks(two times per week).Volumes of endometriotic explants were measured in biopsy samples for histopathological analysis.Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1),and tumour necrosis factor(TNF-α)levels were measured in plasma and peritoneal fluid.Endometriotic explant volumes were significantly decreased after OT administration(P<0.0001).The epithelial score was significantly decreased in both treatment groups compared to the control group(P<0.05).TUNEL immunohistochemistry showed more apoptotic changes in the endometriosis foci(gland epithelium and surrounding tissue)in the OT group than in the control group(P<0.05).The levels of VEGF,MCP-1,and TNF-αwere significantly reduced in the OT group(P<0.05),whereas no significant changes in protein levels were found in the ABS-applied group.The results indicate that OT has greater potential as a therapeutic agent in experimentally induced peritoneal endometriosis,where ABS,which is a VEGF modulator,appears to act through different mechanisms to show its palliative effects on a rat model of peritoneal endometriosis.

Analysis on Abnormity Erosion of Monolithic Stopper Slag Line

Monolithic stoppers play a very important role in continuous casting（ short for CC）. Sometimes,the stopper slag line is seriously eroded and broken,CC has to pause. The research shows that there are three main reasons which bring severe erosion of monolithic stopper slag line. Firstly,much Fe_2O_3 and MnO in slag react with carbon（ C） in the stopper,C is gradually eroded and erosion resistance of the stopper greatly weakens. Secondly,F increase in tundish covering flux will quicken erosion of the stopper slag line. Thirdly, High LOI of tundish covering flux also makes erosion of the stopper slag line speed up. On one hand,CaCO_3 in tundish covering flux decomposes and brings CO_2; on the other hand,minerals with water in tundish covering flux decompose at high temperatures and bring water vapor.Then CO_2 and water vapor react with C in the stopper,C is gradually eroded,aggravating the erosion.

New Argon Stopper Technology for Slab Casting

Argon addition into the casting channel reduces the amount of clogging on the refractory wall to allow long sequence casting of aluminium-killed steel grades.The key to minimum surface defects on the final product is to establish the optimum quantity by optimising the gas distribution below the stopper nose.This is achieved by new argon stopper technology which supports low gas quantities with homogeneous gas and bubble distributions to float non-metallic inclusions(NMI)in the continuous casting mould.

Technology of nitrogen-argon mixed gas blowing on the tundish stopper

Bubble defect is one of the main defects of an automobile sheet.To solve this defect,the technology for nitrogen-argon mixed gas blowing on the tundish stopper is developed,the theoretical research on nitrogen absorption in the molten steel is performed,the nitrogen-argon mixed gas blowing equipment is developed and experimented in the plant.The expected effect is achieved in the industrial test,and the slab inclusion density and quality degradation ratio of the automobile sheet are significantly reduced.

弹出式广告的克星——Pop-Up Stopper

在我们上网浏览时,经常会弹出一些不受欢迎的广告窗口,令人大为扫兴,今天就给大家介绍一款小巧而实用的软件Pop-Up Stopper(以下简称为pus),它可以完全屏蔽各种弹出式窗口,让你上网更加轻松.

Damage Mechanism and Countermeasures of Carbon Bonded Refractories for Continuous Casting

The long nozzle,stopper,and submerged entry nozzle play an important role in continuous casting. They are of the similar composition and are mainly damaged by liquid steel thermal shock which leads to immediate cracks or fracture in their combined area because of the thermal mechanical properties mismatch,or damaged by corrosion on their interface. The failure mechanisms are the thermal shock damage and continuous reaction corrosion. High efficiency and long life of the long nozzle,stopper,and submerged entry nozzle can be realized by optimizing the thermal mechanical properties,the key erosion step,and the combination match.

新型挡渣器

新型挡渣器——气动挡渣器设备先进,可靠,是转炉炼钢生产提高钢质量的重要设备之一。本文结合我公司氧气转炉炼钢设备的情况,对气动挡渣器工作原理,理论设计,结构设计方面进行了分析消化,可供设计制造,使用气动挡渣器参考。

The Hemeostatic Efficacy of ANKAFERD after Excision of Full Thickness Burns: A Comparative Experimental Study in Rats

Objective: In order to evaluate the effects of Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) on post-excisional burn wound bleeding via monitoring early blood hemoglobin level changes and to make a comparison with a standart topical treatment, a controlled experimental study was conducted. Design and Interventions: A contact burn model of full-thickness injury with 30% TBSA was used. Following the burn injury, excisions of burned areas were done at postburn 48th hour. 24 male Spraque Dawley rats were divided into control, adrenaline, ABS-solution and ABS-pad treatment groups. In control group no treatment was done for bleeding, but the other three groups had topical treatments. Samples were taken at the begining of the study, just before and 1 hour after the burn wound excisions for measurement of haemoglobine (Hb) levels and additionally the external bleeding amounts were measured by weighing the topical pads. Measurements and main results: Baseline Hb levels of control, adrenaline, ABS-solution and ABS-pad treatment groups were 15.06 ± 0,83, 15,82 ± 0.83, 16.23 ± 1.14 and 15.16 ± 1.46 respectively. At the 48th hour of postburn injury, the Hb levels of these groups were 13.82 ± 0.58, 13.68 ± 1.26, 13.79 ± 0.90 and 13.57 ± 0.89. Mean blood loss amounts (ml) after burn wound excisions in groups were 1.44 ± 0.26, 0.65 ± 0.07, 0.53 ± 0.08 and 0.44 ± 0.09. Conclusions: ABS was found to be as effective as topical adrenaline on reducing excisional bleeding in the experimental burn injury model.

Enhanced NIR Luminescence of Nanozeolite L Loading Lanthanide β-Diketonate Complexes

Herein, we report the preparation of zeolite NIR luminescence materials with a remarkable increase of lumi- nescence intensity by attaching stopper molecule （an imidazolium salt） to the channel entrances of zeolite L loading with NIR lanthanide （Er3＋ or Nd3＋）β-diketonate complexes. This results from the formation of Ln3＋-β-diketonate complexes （Ln=Er or Nd） with high coordination numbers through the decreasing of the proton strength in the ze- olite channels. The obtained materials were characterized with SEM and photoluminescence spectroscopy. We be- lieve that this hybrid material will be an appealing candidate for the applications of optical fiber, telecommunica- tions and bio-imaging.

Research and Application of Tundish Casting Auto-Start Technology on Slab Casters

Based on introducing equipments and technology conditions of continuous casting plant of the 4th sub-factory of general steelmaking factory of WISCO, the operation of tundish casting auto-start, control of withdrawal straightening device drive start and control of mould level are analyzed, the critical effect of liquid level control is emphasized in this part. Through comprehensive industrial scale experiments, several relevant problems were solved in application process, which promoted the rate of auto-casting of the factory to beyond 98 percent stably from 39 at the beginning.

A new drainage tube device

Objective:Drainage tubes(e.g.,intracranial,abdominal cavity and thoracic)are commonly used to drain blood and fluid collections after surgery.It usually fails due to the lack of fixation perpendicular to the skin and the variety of tube materials.The objective of the article is to describe a new drainage tube device.Methods:This new device consists of a drainage tube fixator and diverter with a rotating handle.The fixator and diverter are fixed to the skin with a pair of wings,and the base comprises acircular arc with chamfering of the edge.The removable stopper and plastic diverter have a memory function.There are 2 holes on either side of the wings,by which they can be sewn to the skin or stapled for strength and stability.Results:The removable limiting stopper and plastic diverter with memory function work together to ensure that the drainage tube is firmly fixed.Therefore,the tube will not move either vertically or horizontally on the skin.Moreover,the device is fit for drainage tubes with different specifications and materials.Conclusions:The limiting stopper can be moved easily,which is conducive to local skin disinfection around the drainage tube.The device deserves clinical promotion.