Reform Exploration for Safety Course System of Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Facilities

In recent years,the safety of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities has been paid more attention by the state and enterprises due to frequent accidents.The oil and gas storage and transportation facilities safety courses in China University of Petroleum(Beijing)includes“Engineering mechanics”,“Strength design of pipelines and tanks”and“Safety and integrity management of oil and gas storage and transportation facilities”.The three courses lack relevance and the teaching mode is too rigid,resulting in students losing their initiative in learning.If students can’t use the knowledge flexibly,it will affect the achievement of the objectives of the training program.Therefore,oil and gas storage and transportation facilities safety courses are reformed,training plans are adjusted and teaching methods are improved.The practice shows that the reform enriches the teaching content,improves the teaching quality,stimulates classroom activity and gets a good evaluation of students.The reform of safety courses has a certain significance for cultivating compound talents who have the ability to solve practical problems in engineering.

The Research about Storage and Transportation of Natural Gas Based on LNG Technology

Nowadays, we are in great lack of the technology theory for the storage and transportation of gas hydrate. Under this condition, after checking out related theory of these, we established the technology roadmap of the storage and transportation of gas hydrate by LNG technology. Study has shown that the technology of LNG is more saving than that of pipeline. Then we came out with the new idea of storage and transportation of hydrate by LNG technology.

The challenges facing the oil and gas storage and transportation technology and its developing direction

In recent years, our country is increasingly dependent on the use of the oil resources, and the degree of the oil mining is also continuously upgrading. After the completion of the tasks related to the oil mining in the lands, the technologies for the development of the offshore oil mining are particularly important. Among these problems, after the exploitation, the storage and transportation of the offshore oil and gas is worthy of the discussion of the technical personnel. From the experience of the oil and gas storage and transportation in the long years, in some environmentally degraded areas, there are problems in the efficiency and safety in the long pipeline transportation and the oil and gas mixed transportation, and in the transportation, there are also big shortcomings. In this paper, the author carries on the analysis of the existing questions encountering in our country＇s oil and gas storage and transportation~ and proposes the direction of the researches in the future oil and gas storage and transportation, and the purpose is to better improve the security of Cbina＇s oil and gas storage and transportation and to enhance the efficiency of the use of the oil and gas.

The development status and the prospect of the pipeline robots in the oil and gas storage and transportation industry

In the process of the constant development of the oil and gas storage and transportation technology, the maintenance of the large pipelines is an important task. At present, China vigorously promotes the use of the pipeline robots, for the maintenance of the oil and gas pipelines by the unique characteristics of the robots. In this paper, the author carries out the detailed analysis on the current situation of the development of the pipeline robots in the oil and gas storage and transportation industry, and compares the different applications of the pipeline robots at home and abroad. Starting from the principles of the operation of the robots, the author analyzes the characteristics of the different types of the robots, and combined with the existing conditions of the oil and gas storage and transportation in our country, the author tries to find the most favorable way of the working of the pipeline robots, to continuously improve the development of the oil and gas storage and transportation industry using the robot technologies.

A STAMP-Game model for accident analysis in oil and gas industry

Accidents in engineered systems are usually generated by complex socio-technical factors.It is beneficial to investigate the increasing complexity and coupling of these factors from the perspective of system safety.Based on system and control theories,System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes(STAMP)is a widely recognized approach for accident analysis.In this paper,we propose a STAMP-Game model to analyze accidents in oil and gas storage and transportation systems.Stakeholders in accident analysis by STAMP can be regarded as players of a game.Game theory can,thus,be adopted in accident analysis to depict the competition and cooperation between stakeholders.Subsequently,we established a game model to study the strategies of both supervisory and supervised entities.The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed game model allows for identifying the effectiveness deficiency of the supervisory entity,and the safety and protection altitudes of the supervised entity.The STAMP-Game model can generate quantitative parameters for supporting the behavior and strategy selections of the supervisory and supervised entities.The quantitative data obtained can be used to guide the safety improvement,to reduce the costs of safety regulation violation and accident risk.

Science and Technology of China Onshore Petroleum Industry Towards 21st Century（Part 4）

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Reform of Elastic-Plastic Mechanics and Strength Design of Pipelines Based on Ideological and Political Education

Oil and gas storage and transportation safety courses are very important in oil and gas storage and transportation engineering.With the ideological and political construction of the course in the new period,the mode of professional knowledge teaching cannot meet the teaching requirements.The teaching team has been practicing in the course for many years.By inserting typical characters,typical projects,national policies and industry trends into the course,students'patriotism,academic confidence and environmental protection awareness have been cultivated,and remarkable results have been achieved.At the same time,it can provide some reference for the ideological and political education of engineering majors.

An interval-parameter two-stage optimization model for CO_(2) collection,distribution,transportation,utilization,and storage planning

Geological carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) utilization and storage have been widely recognized as one of the important options to deliver greenhouse gas emissions reduction. Reasonable planning is critical to promote CO_(2) utilization and storage. However, CO_(2) emissions gas collection exhibits a stochastic probability distribution, and CO_(2) utilization and storage features fluctuation demands, which have gone beyond current determine planning techniques. To fulfill the current research gap, this study develops an interval-parameter two-stage programming-based CO_(2) collection, distribution, transportation, utilization, and storage optimization model, integrating interval parameter planning and two-stage planning into a general framework. Therefore, the model can address uncertainties expressed as random probabilistic distributions and discrete intervals, tackle dynamic facilities capacity expansion issues, develop optimal predefined CO_(2) distribution policy, and generate recourse schemes to address gas shortage or gas surplus issues. The model is examined by a typical hypnotical case study in China. The results revealed that the model could generate a set of first-stage reasonable CO_(2) distribution and facilities capacity expansion schemes to maximum system benefits and the highest feasibility. Besides, a set of two-stage CO_(2) outsourcing purchases and facilities capacity expansion in reserve storage regions solutions were also generated to address the gas oversupplies and shortage issues. The modeling approach enriches the current CO_(2) utilization and storage distribution research content under multiple uncertainties.

储输油设备堵漏密封的好方法

针对油田生产作业中储油容器、输油管道、阀门及油浸式变压器的金属本体,由于砂眼、焊缝、螺纹联结、瓷瓶密封不严等原因引起的渗漏,摸索出一套堵漏密封的好方法,即采用美国乐泰公司生产的系列补漏密封剂和“一堵二补三固化”的粘接工艺。该方法简单实用,快速可靠,再次渗漏率在2%以下。文章详细介绍了点、缝渗漏部位和法兰密封缝的粘接方法。

倒罐技术在液化石油气泄漏事故中的应用

分析了研究倒罐技术的必要性 ,提出了实施倒罐的基本原则 ,并对几种常用的倒罐技术在液化石油气储运装置泄漏事故处置中的应用中的原理、优缺点和注意事项进行了探讨。

天然气储运泄漏检测方法

为保障天然气的安全储运,分析管道运输与液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)船围护系统的特点及主要对应的泄漏检测方法,理清各泄漏检测方法的适用性和局限性。在天然气管道运输中,硬件检测法虽可获得较为准确的位置信息,但设备因素制约检测手段的可行性;软件检测法虽可降低检测实施难度,但准确的泄漏定位需要对系统变量的精准获取。在LNG船围护系统的泄漏检测中,庞大的工程量决定检测成本的巨大投入,粗检与精检和定量与定位结合的方式可优化资源利用。

A review on transport of coal seam gas and its impact on coalbed methane recovery

This paper presents a summary review on mass transport of coal seam gas(CSG)in coal associated with the coalbed methane(CBM)and CO_(2) geo-sequestration enhanced CBM(CO_(2)-ECBM)recovery and current research advances in order to provide general knowledge and fundamental understanding of the CBM/ECBM processes for improved CBM recovery.It will discuss the major aspects of theory and technology for evaluation and development of CBM resources,including the gas storage andflow mechanism in CBM reservoirs in terms of their differences with conventional natural gas reservoirs,and their impact on CBM production behavior.The paper summarizes the evaluation procedure and methodologies used for CBM exploration and exploitation with some recommendations.

石化企业储运系统逸散气挥发性有机物治理技术

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是石油石化工业的特征污染物之一,给大气环境和人类健康造成严重影响。本文描述了石化企业储运系统逸散气VOCs治理的常用治理技术,如吸附法、吸收法、氧化法等,并结合国家标准要求对苯储罐、甲乙酮储罐治理技术进行了分析。

航空煤油储运管在临界压力下泄露检测仿真

对航空煤油储运管在临界压力下泄露的检测,能够有效保护环境以及提高人们的生命安全系数。对临界压力下煤油泄露进行检测,需要检测由航空煤油储运管泄漏产生的声波振动信号,确定不同传感器输出声波振动信号的延时。传统方法提取煤油储运管独立元信息并进行排序,分别计算统计量,但忽略了确定输出声波振动信号的延时,导致检测精度偏低。提出基于相关函数的航空煤油储运管临界压力下泄露检测方法,根据信号特征向量来区分储运管内各种运行情况,提取储运管离散信号的特征向量;然后通过利用声波传感器检测由航空煤油储运管泄漏产生的声波振动信号,确定不同传感器输出声波振动信号的延时,根据传感器的几何分布和传感器输出的声波传输速度,对泄漏点进行定位。仿真测试证明,所提方法能够实现航空煤油储运管临界压力下泄露的准确检测与定位。