Storage reliability assessment model based on competition failure of multi-components in missile

The degradation data of multi-components in missile is derived by periodical testing. How to use these data to assess the storage reliability (SR) of the whole missile is a difficult problem in current research. An SR assessment model based on competition failure of multi-components in missile is proposed. By analyzing the missile life profile and its storage failure feature, the key components in missile are obtained and the characteristics voltage is assumed to be its key performance parameter. When the voltage testing data of key components in missile are available, a state space model (SSM) is applied to obtain the whole missile degradation state, which is defined as the missile degradation degree (DD). A Wiener process with the time-scale model (TSM) is applied to build the degradation failure model with individual variability and nonlinearity. The Weibull distribution and proportional risk model are applied to build an outburst failure model with performance degradation effect. Furthermore, a competition failure model with the correlation between degradation failure and outburst failure is proposed. A numerical example with a set of missiles in storage is analyzed to demonstrate the accuracy and superiority of the proposed model.

Sensitivity Test and Data Analysis for Storage Reliability Assessment of Explosive Initiator

The explosive initiator is one kind of sensitivity products with long life and high reliability.In order to improve the storage reliability assessment,the method of storage reliability assessment for explosive initiator was proposed based on time series model using the sensitivity test data.In the method,the up and down test was used to estimate the distribution parameters of threshold.And an approach to design the up and down test was present to draw better estimations.Furthermore,the method of shrinkage estimation was introduced to get a better estimation of scale parameter by combining the sample information with prior information.The simulation result shows that the shrinkage estimation is better than traditional estimation under certain conditions.With the distribution parameters estimations,the time series models were used to describe the changing trends of distribution parameters along with storage time.Then for a fixed storage time,the distribution parameters were predicted based on the models.Finally,the confidence interval of storage reliability was obtained by fiducial inference.The illustrative example shows that the method is available for storage reliability assessment of the explosive initiator with high reliability.

Evaluating the reliability of distributed photovoltaic energy system and storage against household blackout

Distributed energy resources have been proven to be an effective and promising solution to enhance power system resilience and improve household-level reliability.In this paper,we propose a method to evaluate the reliability value of a photovoltaic(PV)energy system with a battery storage system(BSS)by considering the probability of grid outages causing household blackouts.Considering this reliability value,which is the economic profit and capital cost of PV+BSS,a simple formula is derived to calculate the optimal planning strategy.This strategy can provide household-level customers with a simple and straightforward expression for invested PV+BSS capacity.Case studies on 600 households located in eight zones of the US for the period of 2006 to 2015 demonstrate that adding the reliability value to economic profit allows households to invest in a larger PV+BSS and avoid loss of load caused by blackouts.Owing to the differences in blackout hours,households from the 8 zones express distinct willingness to install PV+BSS.The greater the probability of blackout,the greater revenue that household can get from the PV+BSS.The simulation example shows that the planning strategy obtained by proposed model has good economy in the actual operation and able to reduce the economic risk of power failure of the household users.This model can provide household with an easy and straightforward investment strategy of PV+BSS capacity.

Reliability Assessment Considering the Coordination of Wind Power, Solar Energy and Energy Storage

风光储联合发电系统并网后必须采取策略与系统之间实现协调调度与运行才可在保证可靠性的前提下最大化利用可再生能源，但现有的可靠性评估中还缺少对大规模风光储联合发电系统协调运行的考虑。针对此问题，基于序贯蒙特卡罗仿真方法，建立了风电、光伏和储能系统的发电可靠性评估模型，并提出了新的协调调度策略。模型综合考虑了风速、太阳光辐照度、环境温度以及2种新能源发电技术的能量变换特性和储能系统的充放电约束等因素。这些模型被应用到IEEERTS79中，通过在Matlab中编制程序进行仿真计算，考察不同的协调运行策略、联合发电系统容量配置以及储能特性对于系统裕度的影响。评估结果可为联合发电系统并网规划与设计提供参考。

Improved Breakdown Strength in(Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4))_(0.85)Bi_(0.1)TiO_3 Ceramics with Addition of CaZrO_3 for Energy Storage Application

（Ba（0.6） Sr（0.4））（0.85） Bi（0.1） TiO3 ceramics doped with x wt%CaZrO3（x= 0-10） were synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The effects of CaZrO3 amount on the dielectric properties and structure of（Ba（0.6）Sr（0.4））（0.85） Bi（0.1） TiO3 ceramics were investigated. X-ray diffraction results indicated a pure cubic perovskite structure for all samples and that the lattice parameter increased till x=5 and then slightly decreased. A homogenous microstructure was observed with the addition of CaZrO3. Dielectric measurements revealed a relaxor-like characteristic for all samples and that the diffusivity γ reached the maximum value of 1.78 at x=5. With the addition of CaZrO3, the dielectric constant dependence on electric field was weakened, insulation resistivity enhanced and dielectric breakdown strength improved obviously and reached 19.9 k V/mm at x=7.5. In virtue of low dielectric loss（tan d〈0.001 5）, moderate dielectric constant（er 〉1 500） and high breakdown strength（Eb 〉17.5 k V/mm）, the CaZrO3 doped（Ba（0.6）Sr（0.4））0.85 Bi（0.1） TiO3 ceramic is a potential candidate material for high power electric applications.

The Reliability Design and Availability Analysis of a Distributed Storage System

Current distributed parallel file systems and database systems can not satisfy the demands of data-intensive applications, such as storage capacity, access performance, reliability, scalability, and so on. Cluster-based storage sys tems have some shortcomings, too. To solve this kind of problems, a novel PC storage cluster solution is proposed, a distributed storage system based on 3-tiered agent architecture is designed, the system reliability model based on the masterslave backup mode is built, and the system availability is analyzed with the Markov model. According to the system availability formula and the values of the system parameters, the novel system can provide higher reliability and availability to satisfy users＇ requirements,

Reliability of enzyme assays in dried blood spots for diagnosis of 4 lysosomal storage disorders

Introduction: Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are inherited diseases caused, in the majority of them, by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymatic activities. Ob-jectives: We aimed to analyze the usefulness of DBS samples for diagnosis of 4 LSDs, with the availability of a large quantity of patient samples. Design and methods: Blood samples from previously diagnosed patients with Fabry, Gaucher, Hunter, and Maro-teaux-Lamy syndromes and normal control individ-uals, were collected and dispen-sed in filter paper, and used for enzymatic activity determination. Results: Diagnosis of hemi/homo-zygous patients with Fabry, Hunter and Maroteaux-Lamy diseases using DBS samples showed ideal parameters of 100% sensitivity and specificity. DBS assay for Gaucher disease would need a posterior confirmatory step. Conclusions: Leukocyte measu-rement is the only reliable way to diagnose Gaucher disease. For Hunter, Fabry and Maroteaux-Lamy disorders discrimination between patients and controls seems adequate by DBS.

Study on Storage Reliability Evaluation for Ammunition Using Gibbs Sampler

For the gradual maturity of Bayesian survival analysis theory,as well as the defects of the traditional methods for storage reliability evaluation,the Bayesian survival analysis method is proposed to build regression models for reliability in the random truncated test.These models can reflect the influences of different environments on the ammunition storage lifetime.As an example,the common exponential distribution is used here,and Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)method based on Gibbs sampling dynamically simulates the Markov chain of the parameters' posterior distribution.Also,the parameters' Bayesian estimations are calculated in the random truncated condition.The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective and directly perceived.

镍钯金表面引线键合工艺的可靠性及应用

通过模拟前道工序的实际装配环境,研究了镀镍钯金基板在不同工况条件和不同钯/金层厚度情况下对表面键合强度的影响。结果表明,通过280℃高温回流后,镀层表面会出现少量Cu元素,但对键合强度影响不大。Au/Pd镀层厚度增加均有利于提高可键合性。在本文的镀层体系中,均可完成高可靠性键合。通过150±3℃,168 h的高温贮存试验表明,Pd和Au界面均可作为键合界面,高温贮存前后平均键合强度均在11 cN以上,满足标准且非常稳定。

基于健康状态的蓄电池检修策略优化

文中提出了一种基于健康状态的蓄电池检修策略优化方案。首先,构建基于威布尔分布的蓄电池可靠性模型。其中蓄电池的必然故障考虑了蓄电池在不同SOH下的供电能力,且通过蓄电池异常外部现象确定了偶然故障评价标准。最后采用改进的粒子群寻优算法求解蓄电池更换方案。为蓄电池的更换及检修维护提供了更多参考,进一步提高变电站电源系统可靠性、降低成本。

带存储的系统的可靠性研究综述

系统可靠性是度量各个系统服务质量的重要指标之一,其可靠性得到越来越多的学者关注。首先总结了带存储的系统在排队系统、制造系统、生产系统、生产库存系统、能源存储系统等不同研究类型中的研究热点;然后利用Citespace软件对不同研究类型中的关键词进行分析,得出目前关键词主要的聚类单元为预防性维护、负荷波动率、任务成功概率等;最后根据目前的研究情况说明了现有研究的主要问题,并给出了研究展望。

中文版SRS-22问卷在中国青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者评价中的应用(跨文化修订和可信度分析)

[目的]将脊柱侧凸研究会问卷（SRS-22Questionnaire）引入中国，评价该问卷在中国青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者中的测量特性。[方法]依据国际生活质量评价（the international quality of life assessment，IQOLA）计划规则，将SRS-22患者问卷翻译改编为中文，由专家组研究确定最终版本。使用该问卷对86例（男11例，女75例）正规支具治疗的青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者进行初次测评，患儿年龄在10～18岁，平均13．9岁；侧凸角度在25°～45°，平均35．6°。初测3～4周后，对其中30例患者进行重测。[结果]SRS-22问卷总体α系数为0．88，重测信度为0．97。问卷中的五个因素的α系数分别为：功能活动0．70，疼痛0．80，自我形象0．80，心理状况0．88，对治疗的满意程度0．81．重测信度分别为：功能活动0．85，疼痛0．96，自我形象0．96，心理状况0．95，对治疗的满意程度0．91。因素分析产生6个公共因素，结果累积解释方差贡献为72．29％。[结论]SRS-22问卷翻译改编成中文后具备合格的信度和效度，可以应用该问卷测量中国青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者的生活质量。

流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线定年的可靠性

通过对Rb-Sr等时线原理应用的必要条件及流体包裹体样品的成因特点的分析,认为是否可以用流体包裹体Rb-Sr定年在理论上尚需解决以下问题:(1)因矿物中常有不同期次、不同成因的流体包裹体存在,必须保证所选择的各流体包裹体样品具有相同的初始Sr同位素比值;(2)流体包裹体中Rb与Sr的分异机理以及分异程度问题,即流体中Rb与Sr之间是否存在分异和分异程度是否可以达到Sr同位素分析的精度要求。已有的流体包裹体的Rb-Sr等时线年龄研究资料和数据的分析检验结果普遍存在以下问题:等时线图上数据点分散;拟合年龄较老;等时线拟合品质参数MSWD偏大,可靠性低。

水热法合成电子俘获材料SrS:Eu^(2+)、Sm^(3+)

采用水热法合成了电子俘获材料SrS:Eu2+、Sm3+。通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜、能谱、光激励发光光谱和荧光衰减,对其微观结构与光谱性能进行了表征。研究表明所制得的SrS:Eu2+、Sm3+电子俘获材料为单相的面心立方结构,粒度均一,且粒径小。采用水热合成法能够有效降低样品中杂质含量,并可有效减缓样品衰减速率。光激励发光光谱(λex=980nm)表明Eu2+和Sm3+能够掺入SrS基质中,与高温固相法制备的材料相比,水热法制备的SrS:Eu2+、Sm3+有更高的发光强度。

变速抽蓄机组失磁故障分析及保护研究

变速抽蓄机组(VSPSU)的励磁及控制方式复杂且易发生失磁故障,配置针对性的失磁保护对保障其安全运行至关重要。该文基于直流励磁系统和交流励磁系统的差异分析,将VSPSU的失磁故障划分为对称失磁和不对称失磁两种故障形式,并主要针对对称失磁故障开展研究。首先,分别从故障位于机侧和网侧角度出发分析VSPSU发生对称失磁故障后的电气量变化特性及其故障危害;然后,推导证明了传统失磁阻抗圆保护判据在VSPSU中应用时不具有可靠性,VSPSU缺乏具有针对性的保护方案;最后,基于VSPSU的失磁故障特性,提出了针对机侧对称失磁故障的下抛阻抗圆判据和针对网侧对称失磁故障的直流电压判据,两者结合形成了对VSPSU对称失磁故障的保护方案。仿真结果表明,该文所提方案可有效地检测VSPSU在各种运行工况下的对称失磁故障,以满足VSPSU对失磁保护可靠性的要求。

SrS：Eu，Sm光存储材料的制备及表征

采用湿法在还原气氛下制备了SrS:Eu,Sm电子俘获光存储材料,研究了制备条件(灼烧温度、灼烧时间、助熔剂含量)对样品光激励发光性能的影响。XRD图谱表明,样品在750°C就可以形成SrS晶格。光谱分析表明,先将样品用紫外光饱和激发后,再用980nm半导体激光照射,具有光激励发光现象,发光峰值位于599 nm。对这种稀土掺杂硫化物材料的光存储机理进行了探讨。

SrS∶Eu,Sm光存储机理的研究

采用高温固相反应法在还原气氛下制备了SrS∶Eu,Sm样品,利用荧光光谱仪测量了这种光存储材料的激发光谱和发射光谱。将样品用紫外灯(265nm)照射激发饱和后,再用980nm的红外激光器激励,利用荧光光谱仪测试得到了峰值位于599nm的光激励发光光谱。此外还利用热释光谱仪测试了样品的热释光谱。探讨了SrS∶Eu,Sm的光存储机理,认为引入的稀土离子在SrS的带隙中形成分裂能级。当用紫外光照射材料时,Eu的电子从基态被激发到激发态或基质材料的导带,其中一部分电子被辅助激活剂Sm的陷阱俘获,实现信息写入。当材料被与陷阱深度相当的红外光激励时,电子陷阱Sm2+俘获的电子才可能跃出俘获能级,与空穴在Eu的激发态和基态能级上复合,多余的能量以可见光的形式释放出来,实现信息读出。

考虑电-氢-热多能互补的微网多目标优化配置

氢储能具有储能容量大、储存时间长、清洁无污染、可实现多种能源网络互联互补和协同优化等诸多优点,有望成为推动分布式能源发展和提升终端能源利用效率的重要支撑技术。为了提高独立型微网供电可靠性及可再生能源利用率,文中分析了典型电、氢、热装置的运行特性,提出考虑电-氢-热多能互补的独立微网多目标优化配置模型,并基于模拟退火的粒子群(simulated annealing particle swarm optimization,SAPSO)算法对目标问题进行求解,获得不同配置方案下的技术经济指标。最后,通过东北某地独立微网优化配置算例,基于MATLAB平台验证了所提多能互补配置方案较传统电储能配置方案负荷失电率降低了3.18%,可再生能源利用率提高了8.37%。所提配置方案可有效促进可再生能源消纳,保证独立微网的供电可靠性。

基于双区块链的产品溯源系统研究与实现

现有区块链溯源系统由于区块信息存储容量有限,多采用区块链与云存储相结合的方式,并没有从根本上解决区块链溯源信息存储和数据泄露的问题。针对此问题构建双区块链模式:查询链完成溯源信息的上传,实现溯源系统的基本功能;存储链结合星际文件系统保障数据完整安全。在此基础上,利用改进后的容量证明共识算法保证底层的安全性,在减少能源消耗的同时满足区块链溯源系统的应用需求。测试结果表明:系统上传平均速度可达80.66 M/s,下载平均速度可达90.75 M/s,具有良好的上传和下载性能。区块链每秒交易量达到125.88笔,单次交易承载量可以满足溯源系统的区块交易需求。

基于FPGA的多通道数据监测存储系统

针对飞行器试验数据种类繁杂、通道数多、速率差大、并发性高等特点以及缺少对机载设备运行情况实时监测等问题设计了基于FPGA的多通道数据监测存储系统。系统整体由主控板、电源板、1553B通信板、模拟量板以及双Flash存储卡构成,采用热备份的方法实现了高可靠性1553B总线监测信道的搭建;采用并行分时相结合的方法实现了对多通道模拟量、PCM码流、LVDS数据的混合编帧;采用三级异步FIFO缓冲结构实现了数据监测与回读逻辑;最后,通过可重传的千兆以太网通信逻辑实现与地面设备可靠的数据传输。经数次温循及振动测试,成功验证了该系统对于极端环境的适应性,有效解决了飞行器多通道数据监测存储的难题,在实际生产中具有一定应用价值。