The traditional methods of storm sewers design must be supplemented by a precise and systematic analysis of the consequences of urbanization. This will ensure the reduction of the negative effects of urbanization in t...The traditional methods of storm sewers design must be supplemented by a precise and systematic analysis of the consequences of urbanization. This will ensure the reduction of the negative effects of urbanization in the process of stormwater sewer system normal functioning. As the urbanization of rural areas has been in constant progress, there was a need for the development of infrastructure system of urban planning documents that accompany urbanization. Surface storage appears to be one of the solutions that can have positive effects on the consequences of rapid urbanization in terms of preserving water quality of recipients, as well as opportunities to reduce the diameter of drain pipes downstream of surface storage. The necessary investments do not exceed the values of conventional technologies and procedures that are used for this purpose. The restriction of application of these methods is reflected in the limited space, especially in the smaller urban areas, where urbanization was a sudden and uncontrolled process. Future planning documents must contain alternatives like these, while the reservation of required space must be included in the planning documents in which the treatment of further development of the city will be found.展开更多
研究城市径流水质变化及初期冲刷效应对控制与治理城市径流污染具有重要指导意义.对塘西河上游6次降雨径流水质水量进行监测分析,计算次降雨径流平均浓度(EMC)和单位面积次降雨径流污染负荷(EPL),作M(V)曲线图研究初期冲刷现象.结果表明...研究城市径流水质变化及初期冲刷效应对控制与治理城市径流污染具有重要指导意义.对塘西河上游6次降雨径流水质水量进行监测分析,计算次降雨径流平均浓度(EMC)和单位面积次降雨径流污染负荷(EPL),作M(V)曲线图研究初期冲刷现象.结果表明:降雨径流中悬浮物(SS)、化学需氧量(CODCr)和总磷(TP)的EMC值相对较大;SS的EMC值波动最为显著;总氮(TN)、TP、COD_(Cr)、SS间的EMC值均呈正相关;TN的EMC值与降雨量呈负相关性.各污染物EPL值与各降雨特征间均呈正相关性,经估算2015年研究区在6-8月共有10.38 tTN、2.29 tTP、1022.43 t SS、161.70 t CODCr和5.18 t NH_3-N随降雨径流排入巢湖;降雨量和雨前干期是城市径流污染的主要影响因素;以FF50>50为初期冲刷效应判别依据,5种污染物均有初期冲刷效应出现,冲刷程度表现为SS>CODCr>TP>TN>NH_3-N;各水质指标的初期冲刷强度与降雨特征之间无相关性;雨型对初期冲刷现象影响较大;当降雨强度达1.36 mm/h即有径流汇集流出时开始截流,截流时间取440 min,截取的最大径流量取224319.14 m^3.展开更多
通过将SWMM(storm water management model)模型与底泥输运模型耦合计算实现对于排水管网底泥输运工况的模拟。利用该耦合求解方法,底泥输运过程对于管渠过流断面以及水流中污染物浓度的影响均可进行定量计算。耦合计算过程中全局时间...通过将SWMM(storm water management model)模型与底泥输运模型耦合计算实现对于排水管网底泥输运工况的模拟。利用该耦合求解方法,底泥输运过程对于管渠过流断面以及水流中污染物浓度的影响均可进行定量计算。耦合计算过程中全局时间步长由SWMM的时间步长确定,通过对底泥输运模型进行适当的调整使其适应SWMM时间步长,从而实现模拟的数值稳定性,避免了底泥输运模型出现过度沉积或过度冲刷引起数值不稳定的情况。该模拟方法通过2个案例进行了验证。通过案例的模拟结果可以看出该耦合过程可以给出稳定且合理的模拟结果,可以模拟管渠底泥的沉积及冲刷的过程以及其对于管渠过流断面及污染物浓度变化的影响。相较于单纯的SWMM模拟结果,耦合模型可以给出更加准确的模拟结果。展开更多
文摘The traditional methods of storm sewers design must be supplemented by a precise and systematic analysis of the consequences of urbanization. This will ensure the reduction of the negative effects of urbanization in the process of stormwater sewer system normal functioning. As the urbanization of rural areas has been in constant progress, there was a need for the development of infrastructure system of urban planning documents that accompany urbanization. Surface storage appears to be one of the solutions that can have positive effects on the consequences of rapid urbanization in terms of preserving water quality of recipients, as well as opportunities to reduce the diameter of drain pipes downstream of surface storage. The necessary investments do not exceed the values of conventional technologies and procedures that are used for this purpose. The restriction of application of these methods is reflected in the limited space, especially in the smaller urban areas, where urbanization was a sudden and uncontrolled process. Future planning documents must contain alternatives like these, while the reservation of required space must be included in the planning documents in which the treatment of further development of the city will be found.
文摘研究城市径流水质变化及初期冲刷效应对控制与治理城市径流污染具有重要指导意义.对塘西河上游6次降雨径流水质水量进行监测分析,计算次降雨径流平均浓度(EMC)和单位面积次降雨径流污染负荷(EPL),作M(V)曲线图研究初期冲刷现象.结果表明:降雨径流中悬浮物(SS)、化学需氧量(CODCr)和总磷(TP)的EMC值相对较大;SS的EMC值波动最为显著;总氮(TN)、TP、COD_(Cr)、SS间的EMC值均呈正相关;TN的EMC值与降雨量呈负相关性.各污染物EPL值与各降雨特征间均呈正相关性,经估算2015年研究区在6-8月共有10.38 tTN、2.29 tTP、1022.43 t SS、161.70 t CODCr和5.18 t NH_3-N随降雨径流排入巢湖;降雨量和雨前干期是城市径流污染的主要影响因素;以FF50>50为初期冲刷效应判别依据,5种污染物均有初期冲刷效应出现,冲刷程度表现为SS>CODCr>TP>TN>NH_3-N;各水质指标的初期冲刷强度与降雨特征之间无相关性;雨型对初期冲刷现象影响较大;当降雨强度达1.36 mm/h即有径流汇集流出时开始截流,截流时间取440 min,截取的最大径流量取224319.14 m^3.
文摘通过将SWMM(storm water management model)模型与底泥输运模型耦合计算实现对于排水管网底泥输运工况的模拟。利用该耦合求解方法,底泥输运过程对于管渠过流断面以及水流中污染物浓度的影响均可进行定量计算。耦合计算过程中全局时间步长由SWMM的时间步长确定,通过对底泥输运模型进行适当的调整使其适应SWMM时间步长,从而实现模拟的数值稳定性,避免了底泥输运模型出现过度沉积或过度冲刷引起数值不稳定的情况。该模拟方法通过2个案例进行了验证。通过案例的模拟结果可以看出该耦合过程可以给出稳定且合理的模拟结果,可以模拟管渠底泥的沉积及冲刷的过程以及其对于管渠过流断面及污染物浓度变化的影响。相较于单纯的SWMM模拟结果,耦合模型可以给出更加准确的模拟结果。
