具有POLE致病性突变子宫内膜癌的临床病理及分子特征分析

目的探讨具有POLE致病性突变子宫内膜癌(EC)的临床病理及分子特征。方法选取179例EC患者,根据POLE基因突变、错配修复(MMR)蛋白表达及p53表达/TP53突变进行分子分型,分析POLE mut型EC的临床病理及分子特征。结果POLE mut20例,MMRd 48例,NSMP 90例,p53 abn 21例。POLE mut EC多为FIGOⅠ期(17/20),中-低分化子宫内膜样癌(EEC)(13/20)、局限于内膜/浅肌层(17/20)、肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(TILs)显著(17/20)、无/局灶(LVSI)(18/20)、无淋巴结转移(19/20)。4个亚组间临床病理特征的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。POLE mut型预后最好,具有多重分类特征的病例预后更接近POLE mut型。结论POLE mut EC提示着较高的组织学分级,较早的临床分期及较好的预后;POLE mut可继发dMMR/MSI-H表型及p53/TP53异常,应归类为POLE mut型。

Effectiveness of Chromated Copper Arsenate against Deteriorating Agents of Eucalyptus Poles and Posts in Four Eco-Regions in Kenya

Previous studies done elsewhere have shown that Eucalyptus poles treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) can last over 30 years. Kenya is exceptional because in some eco-regions, the Eucalyptus poles’ life span has greatly reduced to 5 years. The current study was designed to evaluate wood deteriorating agents of CCA-treated Eucalyptus poles and variability in four eco-regions of Kenya, namely, dryland, coastal, highland and humid lake. A total of 360 Eucalyptus pole samples were used for this experiment. Three CCA treatments were used to treat transmission poles at 20 kg/cm3 fencing posts samples at 6 kg/cm3, and a control group. Results indicated that termites and wood-decay fungi attacks caused wood deterioration in the four eco-regions. The proportion of power transmission pole degradation by wood deteriorating agents varied across eco-regions, between treatments and control and between time after treatments. Dryland eco-regions had the highest termite-related degradation (41.82%) while wood-decay fungi attack was highest in the highland eco-regions (9.20%). Samples treated with 6 kg/cm3 recorded the lowest level of wood deterioration, manifested by minimal superficial termite and wood-decay fungi attack. Samples treated with 20 kg/cm3 were characterized by moderate termite and wood-decay fungi attacks observed around the heartwood region, unlike sapwood. This study concluded that the deterioration of Eucalyptus CCA-treated poles is a question of climatic variability and hence, to increase the poles’ lifespan, CCA treatment should be tailored according to the characteristics of the ecoregion of use. Further investigations will inform the diversity of termites and decay-fungi across different eco-regions.

Design of Compliant Straight-line Mechanisms Using Flexural Joints

Straight-line compliant mechanisms are important building blocks to design a linear-motion stage, which is very useful in precision applications. However, only a few configurations of straight-line compliant mechanisms are applicable. To construct more kinds of them, an approach to design large-displacement straight-line flexural mechanisms with rotational flexural joints is proposed, which is based on a viewpoint that the straight-line motion is regarded as a compromise of rigid and compliant parasitic motion of a rotational flexural joint. An analytical design method based on the Taylor series expansion is proposed to quickly obtain an approximate solution. To illustrate and verify the proposed method, two kinds of flexural joints, cross-axis hinge and leaf-type isosceles-trapezoidal flexural（LITF） pivot are used to reconstruct straight-line flexural mechanisms. Their performances are obtained by analytic and FEA method respectively. The comparisons of the results show the accuracy of the approach. Both examples show that the proposed approach can convert a large-deflection flexural joint into approximate straight-line mechanism with a high linearity that is higher than 5 000 within 5 man displacement. This can lead to a new way to design, analyze or optimize straight-line flexure mechanisms.

Study on Numerical Comparison Method of Four-bar Straight-line Guidance Mechanism

In order to solve four-bar straight-line guidance mechanism synthesis problem for the arbitrarily given straight-line’s"angle requirement"and"point-position requirement",a numerical comparison synthesis method for single and double straight-line guidance mechanism is presented,which is convenient to realize by computer program.The basic idea of this method is:to select a four-bar linkage whose relative bar length of crank is 1 as a basic four-bar linkage.Then the other three relative bars’length is changed,and a lot of basic four-bar linkage can be obtained.There are many single and double ball-points of each basic four-bar linkage.With the motion of a basic four-bar linkage,there is straight-line segment of each Ball-point’s path.The data of these basic four-bar linkages is saved to a database.When designing a four-bar straight-line guidance mechanism,the design data is compared with the data in database and a satisfactory four-bar linkage can be obtained.The method effectively solves the straight-line guidance mechanism synthesis problem.

The Straight-Line Depreciation Method Used by Selected Companies and Educational Institutions in the Philippines

The straight-line method in computing for depreciation expense is the prevailing method used in the Philippines. This paper aims to determine the rationale behind the use of this method. The objective of the study is to determine the length of time within which the depreciation method is used, reasons in using the method, the rate of depreciation used by the companies, and the effects of the depreciation expense on their operating expenses. It also determines if the companies＇ decisions to use the straight-line method are influenced by the factors mentioned by Reynolds （196 I）----expected amount of services over the life of assets, the amount and timing of operating costs, the decline in the physical efficiency of the assets, and the rate of return--and if they considered capital investments and tax reduction in using this method. The study shows that companies and educational institutions use the straight-line method of computing depreciation expenses, because it is easy to use in computing the depreciation expenses, in comparing with previous years＇ computations, and in keeping track of the expenses. It is also convenient for tax administration and financial reporting. The rate of depreciation used varies, because the companies and educational institutions use their past experiences in determining the life of fixed assets. The percentage of depreciation to the operating expenses also varies. The companies and educational institutions adhered to the factors mentioned by Reynolds （1961） in choosing the straight-line method of depreciation. The companies did not consider reduction of tax in using the straight-line method.

Design and Performance Analysis of Permanent Magnet Claw Pole Machine with Hybrid Cores

Permanent magnet claw pole machine(PMCPM) is a special kind of transverse flux permanent magnet machine. Compared with other electrical machines, it has the advantages of high torque density and high efficiency for high speed operation. However, because of its complex irregular structure, the manufacturing process using silicon sheets is complicated. Soft magnetic composite material(SMC) is manufactured by powder metallurgy technology, which can produce various shapes of stator core structures, so it is easier to produce various irregular shapes of the stator core. However, the raw SMC material is relatively expensive, and the mechanical strength of SMC is weak. In this paper, a PMCPM with hybrid cores is proposed. With the adoption of hybrid silicon sheet-SMC cores and amorphous alloy-SMC cores, the torque ability of PMCPM can be improved greatly and it can have higher efficiency for more wide operation frequency. Meanwhile, its mechanical strength has been improved and it can be designed for high torque direct drive applications as it is a modular machine. Furthermore, three methods are proposed to reduce the additional eddy current loss which resulted from the employment of hybrid cores in PMCPM.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery for lower pole stones utilizing stone displacement technique yields excellent results

Objective:To evaluate the long-term stone-free rate(SFR)of retrograde intrarenal surgery(RIRS)in the treatment of lower pole renal calculi using only basket relocation and identify independent predictors of stone-free status.Methods:All consecutive patients undergoing RIRS lower pole renal calculi at a single highvolume tertiary center were analyzed retrospectively.Lower pole stones were relocated to the upper pole,where laser lithotripsy was performed.All patients were followed up in the clinic following the surgery and yearly thereafter.The stone-free status was assessed with a combination of an abdominal ultrasound and abdominal X-ray,or an abdominal non-contrast computed tomography if the stones were known to be radiolucent.Results:A total of 480 consecutive patients who underwent RIRS for treatment of lower pole renal calculi,between January 2012 and December 2018,were analyzed from a prospectively maintained database of 3000 ureteroscopies.With a median follow-up time of 18.6 months,the mean SFR was 94.8%.The procedures were unsuccessful in 26(5.4%)patients due to unreachable stones.The median stone size of the unreachable stones was 12 mm(range 10e30 mm).Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed two predictors of SFR for lower pole stones:a small cumulative stone burden(odds ratio[OR]:0.903,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.867e0.941,p<0.0001)and preoperative ureteral stent insertion(OR:0.515,95%CI:0.318e0.835,pZ0.007).Conclusion:The long-term SFR of RIRS for the treatment of lower pole stones with basket displacement with appropriate patient selection is high.

Design Optimization of a Novel Axial-radial Flux Permanent Magnet Claw Pole Machine with SMC Cores and Ferrite Magnets

Soft magnetic composite(SMC)material is an ideal soft magnetic material employed for developing 3D magnetic flux electromagnetic equipment,due to its advantages of 3D magnetic isotropy characteristic,low eddy current loss,and simple manufacturing process.The permanent magnet claw pole machine(PMCPM)with SMC cores is a good case that the SMC to be adopted for developing 3D flux electrical machines.In this paper,a novel axial-radial flux permanent magnet claw pole machine(ARPMCPM)with SMC cores and ferrite magnets is proposed.Compared with the traditional PMCPM,the proposed ARPMCPM is designed with only one spoke PM rotor and its whole structure is quite compact.For the performance prediction,the 3D finite element method(FEM)is used.Meanwhile,for the performance evaluation,a previously developed axial flux claw pole permanent magnet machine(AFCPM)is employed as the benchmark machine and all these machines are optimized by using the combined multilevel robust Taguchi method.It can be seen that the proposed ARPMCPM is with higher torque/weight density and operation efficiency.

箱式烘烤对烤后烟叶品质的影响

[目的]深入探讨箱式烘烤方式下烤烟综合品质特征,加快箱式烘烤技术在烤烟生产中的推广应用。[方法]以潍坊烟区NC55烟叶为试验材料,开展了箱式烘烤与传统挂竿烘烤对比试验,从外观质量、物理特性、常规成分、感官质量和化学成分多个维度系统分析了箱式烘烤下烟叶品质特性。[结果]与挂竿烘烤相比,箱式烘烤烟叶外观质量、物理特性和感官质量接近或高于挂竿烘烤;箱式烘烤中部烟叶总糖、还原糖、淀粉、糖碱比显著高于挂竿烘烤,总氮和氮碱比显著低于挂竿烘烤,上部烟叶中仅淀粉箱式烘烤显著高于挂杆烘烤;箱式烘烤糖醇类香气前体物含量显著高于挂竿烘烤,中部烟叶大部分香气前体物和香气物质含量箱式烘烤低于挂竿烘烤,上部烟叶中差异相对较小。[结论]箱式烘烤2个部位烟叶品质大都较挂竿烘烤有不同程度的提升,可在实际生产中推广应用。

大跨度混凝土钢筋框架梁挠度超限研究

根据大量的工程实践,大跨度钢筋混凝土框架梁由于设计不合理引起大跨度梁超限的工程案例很少,大多数是施工原因导致挠度超限。以某工程挠度超限的大跨度钢筋混凝土梁为例,根据设计资料和现场检测资料,从设计和施工两方面,利用数值计算和有限元模拟,验证分析大跨度钢筋混凝土框架梁挠度超限的原因。验证分析表明,梁板混凝土实际浇筑厚度超限与梁模板起拱高度不足可能引起梁挠度增加。当梁下立杆稳定承载力不足时,梁也易随立杆屈曲变形产生较大挠度。

We Live on a Small Space Comet: The Third Extraordinary Motion of Earth towards the North Pole and Its Various Effects

The idea of research started with a crazy imaginary theory in the field of astrogeography, saying: We often taught ourselves and then convinced the students that the planet Earth moves despite not feeling the vibrations of traffic, and we listed successive scientific confirmations to indicate the rotation of the planet in a regular movement around its axis once every 24 hours, and it is running in another second movement around the sun once every 365¼ days, so are they only two movements, no more?! Is it possible for him to run at a regular speed in an additional direction?

迈向中国式现代化的高质量国土空间体系:内容构成、动力机制与构建思路

构建优势互补、高质量发展的国土空间体系是事关国家发展全局的重要举措,对于推动实现中国式现代化具有重要意义。在迈向中国式现代化的新征程上,应把握好高质量国土空间体系的构成内容,将新型城镇化、区域创新和区域可持续开发作为构建高质量国土空间体系的强大动力。其构建思路如下:以数字化赋能区域经济布局优化,通过区域规划和政策引导促进要素资源合理分配,培育空间增长极驱动高质量发展,落实主体功能区战略保障各类型地区协调发展,推进以新质生产力为核心的新型工业化,优化重大生产力布局。

基于永磁体间磁力作用的不倒杆

利用永磁体间的同极相斥作用,构造一个磁力势阱,设计制作高度可调、底部防滑的不倒杆装置。该装置抗干扰能力强、稳定性好,结构简单、设计巧妙,永磁体间磁力约束不需要外界提供电源,具有无接触控制、节能低成本等优势。

电涡流缓速器优化设计与制动性能分析

文章在考虑去磁效应的基础上建立电涡流缓速器数学计算模型,采用涡流折算系数法求出闭合磁路磁感应强度,推导出电涡流缓速器电磁制动力矩表达式;在某汽车制动系统有限公司现有产品的基础上,将圆形极柱优化设计为扇形极柱,并利用Maxwell有限元仿真软件对不同长度扇形极柱的新型电涡流缓速器模型的制动力矩进行仿真分析;将最终确定的新型电涡流缓速器通过有限元仿真和台架实验与原产品进行对比验证。结果表明:新型电涡流缓速器与传统电涡流缓速器的制动扭矩在不同转速下变化的规律基本一致,制动性能有明显提升;仿真结果和实验结果最大误差小于5%,证明了新型电涡流缓速器的有效性和优化设计的正确性。

基于磁热耦合法的非对称混合磁极永磁电机热分析

针对传统内置永磁电机损耗高、发热量大的问题,提出非对称混合磁极永磁电机拓扑结构.介绍非对称混合磁极永磁电机的拓扑结构,对比分析两者的电磁特性与损耗分布特性.针对非对称混合磁极永磁电机分布式绕组的结构特点,对绕组进行等效处理,确定等效导热系数,建立集中参数热网络模型.建立单向磁热耦合模型,计算电机各部件的温度分布,验证了热网络模型的正确性.考虑到温度对永磁材料的影响,建立双向磁热耦合模型,对比分析不同电流密度对电机温升的影响规律.试制一台样机并搭建温升试验平台进行温升试验,验证了新型拓扑结构的有效性与合理性以及磁热双向耦合法计算结果的准确性.

数字经济与绿色全要素生产率:来自黄河流域“五极”城市群的证据

数字经济发展是推动黄河流域高质量发展的重要动力。论文基于2011—2019年黄河流域“五极”城市群的面板数据,在城市群视角下实证检验数字经济发展如何影响绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)。研究发现:黄河流域城市群数字经济能够显著提升绿色全要素生产率,且在空间维度具有正向溢出特征。克服潜在的内生性问题后,这一结论依然稳健;黄河流域数字经济发展对绿色全要素生产率的提升效应在不同的城市群维度、核心城市与非核心城市之间具有典型的异质性特征;机制分析表明,黄河流域城市群绿色全要素生产率提升主要源于数字经济所诱发的创新要素集聚。

梯形Halbach交替极无铁心永磁同步直线电机特性分析与优化设计

针对无铁心永磁同步直线电机(PMLSM)存在推力波动问题以及磁极结构对永磁体利用率的影响,从结构方面着手,提出一种梯形Halbach交替极磁极结构的无铁心永磁同步直线电机,对Halbach阵列进行优化设计。首先通过有限元法对比在Halbach交替极、双层Halbach磁极与梯形Halbach交替极3种磁极结构中PMLSM的电磁性能,分别对气隙磁场谐波成分、空载反电动势、电磁推力以及推力体积比进行计算与对比。其次,采用等效磁化强度法定性分析磁极结构对电机出力性能的影响,并引入Kriging模型,结合多目标优化算法对关键参数进行优化以提高电机平均推力和推力体积比,降低推力波动,得到3个优化目标的Pareto前沿。最后,通过仿真分析验证设计方法的有效性以及电机性能的改善。结果表明:梯形Halbach交替极磁极结构永磁体利用率更高,具有实用价值;梯形Halbach交替极PMLSM能够有效抑制推力波动并保持在7%左右,适用于高精确度加工设备。

基于磁链相移原理的不对称交替极永磁辅助同步磁阻电机设计与分析

传统永磁辅助同步磁阻电机(PMaSynRM)无法充分利用永磁转矩和磁阻转矩,该文提出一种新型不对称交替极永磁辅助同步磁阻电机(ACP-PMaSynRM)。基于永磁磁链相移原理,将交替极永磁阵列、不对称磁极和磁障相结合,实现永磁转矩和磁阻转矩的最大值在相同电流相位下叠加,不但提高了永磁转矩和磁阻转矩的利用率,增强了电机输出转矩能力,而且减少了永磁体用量。采用有限元法对比分析了传统和新型ACP-PMaSynRM的电磁性能,验证了所提电机拓扑的可行性。最后,制造了一台48槽14极样机并对其进行了实验验证。

Krachow法缝合联合钢丝垂直间断治疗老年髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的疗效

目的研究Krachow法缝合联合钢丝垂直间断固定治疗老年髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法选取2019年1月至2022年3月收治的102例老年髌骨下极粉碎性骨折患者作为研究对象。按随机数字表法分为两组,观察组51例,采用Krachow法缝合联合钢丝垂直间断固定,对照组51例,采用钢丝垂直间断固定。统计分析两组临床疗效、膝关节活动范围(ROM)、膝关节功能Bostman评分及并发症情况。结果观察组临床疗效优良率为88.24%,对照组优良率为64.71%,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。观察组膝关节ROM、Bostman评分分别为131.51°±6.80°、(28.65±2.20)分,对照组膝关节ROM、Bostman评分分别为115.87°±5.91°、(23.58±2.51)分,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症总发生率为9.80%,对照组并发症总发生率为27.45%,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。结论Krachow法缝合联合钢丝垂直间断固定治疗老年髌骨下极粉碎性骨折复位良好,固定牢靠,对周围软组织影响小,并发症少,有利于膝关节功能恢复。

四凸极液冷电磁缓速器数值模拟与实验研究

为解决中重型车辆长下坡时因主制动器频繁工作导致其制动效能严重衰退问题,提出一种四凸极液冷电磁缓速器结构。建立车辆下坡动力学模型分析制动需求,采用等效磁路法对其制动力矩进行计算,使用有限元法对其制动特性进行数值分析。利用分级变论域模糊控制策略结合缓速器进行车辆下坡时的制动控制,使用MATLAB/Simulink建立控制器和整车长下坡制动模型并进行联合仿真。设计了2100 N·m样机,通过台架实验和车载道路实验对样机制动特性进行测试,实际测量值与分析计算值基本一致,平均误差在5%内,在转速为1250 r/min时制动力矩可达2200 N·m,满足中重型车辆制动需求。