CLASSICAL RISK MODEL WITH THRESHOLD DIVIDEND STRATEGY

In this article, a threshold dividend strategy is used for classical risk model. Under this dividend strategy, certain probability of ruin, which occurs in case of constant barrier strategy, is avoided. Using the strong Markov property of the surplus process and the distribution of the deficit in classical risk model, the survival probability for this model is derived, which is more direct than that in Asmussen（2000, P195, Proposition 1.10）. The occupation time of non-dividend of this model is also discussed by means of Martingale method.

Threshold strategy to improve the images reconstructed by electrical impedance tomography

Because of the illposedness of soft field, the quality of EIT images is not satisfied as expected. This paper puts forward a threshold strategy to decrease the artifacts in the reconstructed images by modifying the solutions of inverse problem. Threshold strategy is a kind of post processing method with merits of easy, direct and efficient. Reconstructed by Gauss-Newton algorithm, the simulation image’s quality is improved evidently. We take two performance targets, image reconstruction error and correlation coefficient, to evaluate the improvement. The images and the data show that threshold strategy is effective and achievable.

土地细碎化会抑制农户绿色生产行为吗?——现实背景、理论逻辑与实证检验

研究目的:从土地细碎化的现实情景出发,基于2021年江西省“百村千户”调查数据,分析土地细碎化对农户绿色生产行为的影响机理,并探讨生计策略的中介效应及要素禀赋的调节效应。研究方法:OLS,门槛效应模型,中介效应模型,调节效应模型。研究结果:(1)土地细碎化总体上抑制农户绿色生产行为采纳,但不同细碎化程度对农户绿色生产行为的影响效果存在差异,表现为土地细碎化程度的门槛效应,并与农户绿色生产行为基本呈倒U型关系。随着土地细碎化程度的提高,农户绿色生产行为先上升后下降。(2)土地细碎化通过影响农户的生计策略作用于其绿色生产行为选择。(3)要素禀赋正向调节土地细碎化对农户绿色生产行为的影响。(4)土地细碎化对农户不同绿色生产行为的影响存在代际差异性。研究结论:土地细碎化并非简单地抑制农户绿色生产行为,在有序推进土地细碎化治理工作的同时,应整合资源,优化配置,降低农户绿色生产行为采纳的禀赋约束,助力农业可持续发展的实现。

认知无线电系统多接入用户信息新鲜度研究

为了解决物联网信道资源有限的问题以及提高物联网系统的信息时效性,考虑了包括一个主用户(primary user,PU)和两个次用户(secondary user,SU)节点的多接入认知无线电(CR)物联网系统模型。在PU工作状态和SU数据队列稳定的约束下,分别分析了第一个SU节点在先来先服务(first come first served,FCFS)、后来先服务(last come last served,LCLS)以及包丢弃队列下的平均信息年龄(age of information,AoI),推导了在阈值策略下第二个SU节点的平均AoI。然后,提出了使第一个SU平均AoI最小化,并且第二个SU的平均AoI低于给定阈值的优化问题。优化问题的约束条件是凸的,但所得到的目标函数是非凸的,故引入了一种次优技术,利用双层凸优化算法得到最优解。仿真结果给出了所考虑优化算法在不同系统参数下的性能,该算法在不同系统参数和多天线影响下的性能表现良好。后续工作可以考虑扩展到两个以上次用户的CR物联网系统。

基于自适应阈值诊断的发动机失火故障实时检测功能开发

针对当前车载诊断系统失火诊断策略在功能逻辑、结果输出及阈值标定等方面的局限性,在不增加算法计算量与硬件资源的基础上,本文提出一种自适应阈值算法的诊断策略。该策略以角度域识别方法为基础,通过相对散差分析实时寻找失火敏感区域得到计算时间单元;以各工作气缸时间单元为基础计算各缸时间单元变化值,并进行加权平均构建失火特征信号,以此作为诊断分析对象;对于阈值自适应过程,根据发动机转速及负荷定义基础阈值,对随机失火进行当前工作气缸时间单元变化修正,对连续失火进行当前工作循环分缸滤波后的失火特征信号最小值修正。实车验证试验结果表明:新策略可以实现诊断阈值随发动机工况实时跟随并根据失火特征信号表现完成自适应调整,改善了高速、小负荷工况失火诊断效果;失火诊断结果在当前工作气缸即可完成输出,诊断实时性提高89%;连续失火模式下,经分缸滤波后的失火特征信号正向幅值提升25%以上;发动机全工况范围均可实现多种失火类型检测,不需要根据车辆行驶状态与工况单独设置诊断阈值,从而减少了大量标定工作,降低车辆散差影响。

Differential pressure difference based altitude control of a stratospheric satellite

An autonomous altitude adjustment system for a stratospheric satellite(StratoSat)platform is proposed.This platform consists of a helium balloon,a ballonet,and a two-way blower.The helium balloon generates lift to balance the platform gravity.The two-way blower inflates and deflates the ballonet to regulate the buoyancy.Altitude adjustment is achieved by tracking the differential pressure difference(DPD),and a threshold switching strategy is used to achieve blower flow control.The vertical acceleration regulation ability is decided not only by the blower flow rate,but also by the designed margin of pressure difference(MPD).Pressure difference is a slow-varying variable compared with altitude,and it is adopted as the control variable.The response speed of the actuator to disturbance can be delayed,and the overshoot caused by the large inertia of the platform is inhibited.This method can maintain a high tracking accuracy and reduce the complexity of model calculation,thus improving the robustness of controller design.

考虑引导员作用机制的人员疏散模型研究

为研究引导员对人员疏散过程的影响,引入引导阈值量化引导员对行人的作用机制,提出考虑动态引导策略即行为转变引导机制的改进元胞自动机人员疏散模型,模拟分析引导员数量、引导员位置和引导阈值对人员疏散效率的影响。研究结果表明:引导员数量存在1个最优取值范围,引导员数量过多,对人员疏散效率无明显的提高作用;引导员位置分布为“回”字形分布时,相比随机分布和靠出口分布,其疏散时间最短、引导员利用率最均衡;引导员采用行为转变策略时,引导阈值存在1个最优取值使得人员疏散效率相对最高。研究结果可为人群疏散时引导员采取引导策略提供理论参考。

Threshold分红策略下带干扰的两类索赔风险模型的Geber-Shiu函数(英文)

本文研究了在threshold分红策略下带干扰的两类索赔风险模型的Geber-Shiu函数.这里假设两个索赔计数过程为独立的更新过程,其中一个为Poisson过程另一个为时间间隔服从广义Erlang(2)分布的更新过程.本文得到了threshold分红策略下Gerber-Shiu函数所满足的积分-微分方程及其边界条件.最后,本文指出threshold分红策略下Gerber-Shiu函数可以由不分红(即:6=∞)时所对应的Geber-Shiu函数和一个齐次积分-微分方程的线性独立解表示出来.

增强蒲公英算法优化乳腺癌图像多阈值分割

针对显微镜下乳腺癌病理组织图像结构复杂,细胞边界模糊等情况,基于传统的阈值分割在乳腺癌图像的分割应用中不能很好地实现把病灶区准确分离开来的问题,提出一种基于增强蒲公英优化算法(IDO)的乳腺癌图像多阈值分割方法.该方法引入IDO计算类间方差的最大值(Otsu)作为目标函数寻找最佳阈值,IDO建立回守策略解决传统蒲公英算法(DO)无限制搜索,超出像素范围的问题;引入对立式学习(OBL)避免算法陷入局部最优.实验结果表明,与哈里斯鹰算法(HHO)、人工猩猩部队优化算法(GTO)、传统蒲公英优化算法(DO)、海洋捕食者算法(MPA)相比,在相同阈值个数情况下IDO算法适应度值最大、收敛最快,并且在峰值信噪比(PSNR)、结构相似度(FSIM)、特征相似度(SSIM)这3个性能指标上也比其他对比算法更具有优势.

锂离子电池模组自适应均衡阀值控制策略研究

为提升锂离子电池模组均衡控制能力,提出一种锂离子电池模组自适应均衡阀值控制策略。首先,对电感式主动均衡电路拓扑和工作原理进行分析。接着,基于电感式主动均衡电路设计了自适应均衡阀值动态调整控制方法,利用电量转移矩阵计算最佳转移路径。然后,搭建仿真计算模型,通过验证本控制策略能提高目标电池模组均衡能力。最后,对目标电池模组进行实验验证,验证了本控制策略的有效性和高效性,为电池模组均衡提供方法参考。

Deployment and Exploration of a Gas Storage Well Pattern Based on the Threshold Radius

To tackle the problem that wells that are deployed in a specific pattern based on the requirements of gas reservoir development are not suitable for gas storage,we have conducted concentrically circular injection and production simulation experiments for gas storage,discovered the existence of a threshold radius,denoted by Rt,and derived the expression for Rt.Based on the analysis and discussion results,we propose a strategy for deploying gas storage wells in specific patterns.The expression for Rt shows that it is affected by factors such as the gas storage gas production/injection time,the upper pressure limit,the lower pressure limit,the bottomhole flow pressure at the ends of injection and production,the and permeability.The analysis and discussion results show that the Rt of a gas storage facility is much smaller than the Rt for gas reservoir development.In the gas storage facilities in China,the Rt for gas production is less than the Rt for the gas injection,and Rt increases with the difference in the operating pressure and with permeability K.Based on the characteristics of Rt,we propose three suggestions for gas storage well pattern deployment:(1)calculate Rt according to the designed functions of the gas storage facility and deploy the well pattern according to Rt;(2)deploy sparser,large-wellbore patterns in high-permeability areas and denser,small-wellbore patterns in high-permeability areas;and(3)achieve the gas injection well pattern by new drilling,and the gas production well pattern through a combination of the gas injection well pattern and old wells.By assessing a gas storage facility with a perfect well pattern after a number of adjustments,we found that the Rt of the 12 wells calculated in this paper is basically close to the corresponding actual radius,which validates our method.The results of this study provide a methodological basis for well pattern deployment in new gas storage construction.

Traffic-driven epidemic spreading and its control strategies

Many epidemics or viruses in real life spread by taking advantage of other dynamic processes, e.g., the computer virus propagates with the transmission of packets. In this paper, we survey the recent progress in the study of Traffic-Driven Epidemic Spreading (TDES) on complex networks. First, we introduce several typical TDES models. Then, we analyze the key factors which have significant impact on the epidemic threshold, such as the traffic congestion and routing protocols. Furthermore, we discuss the control of the TDES by focusing on the network structure optimization and the immunization strategies. Finally, we put some issues that need to be further explored in the future.

The Expected Discounted Tax Payments on Dual Risk Model under a Dividend Threshold

In this paper, we consider the dual risk model in which periodic taxation are paid according to a loss-carry-forward system and dividends are paid under a threshold strategy. We give an analytical approach to derive the expression of gδ(u) (i.e. the Laplace transform of the first upper exit time). We discuss the expected discounted tax payments for this model and obtain its corresponding integro-differential equations. Finally, for Erlang (2) inter-innovation distribution, closedform expressions for the expected discounted tax payments are given.

On a Class of Dual Model with Divided Threshold

In this paper, we consider the dual of the generalized Erlang (n) risk model under a threshold dividend strategy. We derive an integrodifferential equation satisfied by the expectation of the discounted dividends until ruin. The case when profits follow an exponential distribution is solved.

Debris Flow Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of NonStructural Strategies in Taiwan

Taiwan has disadvantageous conditions for sediment-related disasters such as debris flows. The construction of engineering structures is an effective strategy for reducing debris flow disasters. However, it is impossible to construct engineering structures in all debris flow areas in a short period. Therefore, the government aims to gradually develop non-structural preventive strategies, including evacuation planning, debris flow disaster emergency action system, disaster resistant community program, recruitment of debris flow professional volunteers, debris flow warning systems, and land management strategies, to mitigate disasters and secure the safety of residents. This review describes the processes and effects of recent debris flow non-structural preventive strategies in Taiwan. The average number of casualties prior to the year 2000 was far higher than the corresponding number after 2000 because debris flow evacuation drills have been promoted since 2000 and the debris flow disaster emergency action system has been progressively improved since 2002. Furthermore, the changes in risks caused by debris flow disasters before and after the implementation of non-structural preventive strategies were used to explain the effectiveness of these strategies at the community level. The results showed that softwarebased non-structural preventive strategies can effectively reduce the casualties caused by debris flows at both the national and community levels.

Fuzzy Hybrid Coyote Optimization Algorithm for Image Thresholding

In order to address the problems of Coyote Optimization Algorithm in image thresholding,such as easily falling into local optimum,and slow convergence speed,a Fuzzy Hybrid Coyote Optimization Algorithm(here-inafter referred to as FHCOA)based on chaotic initialization and reverse learning strategy is proposed,and its effect on image thresholding is verified.Through chaotic initialization,the random number initialization mode in the standard coyote optimization algorithm(COA)is replaced by chaotic sequence.Such sequence is nonlinear and long-term unpredictable,these characteristics can effectively improve the diversity of the population in the optimization algorithm.Therefore,in this paper we first perform chaotic initialization,using chaotic sequence to replace random number initialization in standard COA.By combining the lens imaging reverse learning strategy and the optimal worst reverse learning strategy,a hybrid reverse learning strategy is then formed.In the process of algorithm traversal,the best coyote and the worst coyote in the pack are selected for reverse learning operation respectively,which prevents the algorithm falling into local optimum to a certain extent and also solves the problem of premature convergence.Based on the above improvements,the coyote optimization algorithm has better global convergence and computational robustness.The simulation results show that the algorithmhas better thresholding effect than the five commonly used optimization algorithms in image thresholding when multiple images are selected and different threshold numbers are set.

风险感知与行为阈限:传播风险特征、成因及防范策略

信息传播风险已然是当今社会诸多风险中的重要风险之一,关乎社会稳定与发展。传播风险是在信息传播过程中由于不作为、缓作为、不当作为、乱作为等有悖传播规律和规范所造成的风险。传播风险的特征一是具有不确定性,前期风险识别缺位,谣言填补信息空间,风险预警迟滞加重风险感知;二是中期风险沟通与传播失范,风险呈井喷式传播态势;三是后期风险认知鸿沟大,消解风险难。传播风险除了突发事件自身所携带的风险之外,网络技术风险特性是其形成的潜在因素,政府在关键舆情面前失语是其直接原因,公众认知失衡及媒体报道内容不当等是其根本原因。防范与消解传播风险应有针对性地从信源、信宿、信道等方面进行,努力营造安全和谐的传播环境。

一种均衡阈值可调的双模式电池均衡电路

均衡电路对于提高串联电池组内部一致性、容量利用率和寿命具有重要意义。针对现有单模式均衡电路的局限性,提出了一种基于准谐振开关电容和互补三谐振LC变换器的双模式电池均衡电路,可以根据电压分布情况在任意电池至任意电池间传输模式和直接电池至电池间传输模式之间切换,且两种模式均实现了零电流开关,减少了电路损耗。为了获得最优的均衡速度,提出一种具有双阈值的均衡电路控制策略,通过对均衡阈值的调整可以获得最佳的均衡速度。分析了两种均衡模式的运行状态、均衡功率和均衡效率,并搭建了4节电池的实验样机,在不同均衡阈值下进行了均衡实验,实验结果说明均衡阈值的调整使得双模式均衡电路获得了最佳的均衡速度,实验验证了该双模式电池均衡电路的有效性。

基于两阶段搜索的密度聚类算法

为克服当前密度聚类算法存在的随机性、主观性和连带错误等问题,提出一种基于两阶段搜索的密度聚类算法。给出密度阈值和簇最近邻定义及计算方法。采用密度排序、簇最近邻分配和自适应搜索策略构建算法的两阶段聚类机制,设计邻域递归搜索和簇最近邻搜索两个阶段的聚类算法,实现不同密度数据点的准确聚类。8个数据集聚类实验结果表明,该密度聚类算法聚类稳定,无噪声,且自动确定类簇数,聚类精度优于比较的密度聚类算法。

混合动力船舶等效油耗最小能量管理策略

为了降低混合动力船舶的燃油消耗,同时解决传统等效油耗最小能量管理策略(ECMS)易导致动力设备处于恶劣工况的缺点,提出一种利用逻辑门限值规则对混合动力系统工作模式进行预识别的改进ECMS,并采用改进的蚁群算法对充放电等效因子进行离线优化。在船舶典型航行工况下,通过MATLAB/Simulink建立的船舶仿真模型进行逻辑门限值能量管理策略、等效因子分别取经验值和优化值的改进ECMS的仿真分析。结果表明:等效因子寻优后的改进ECMS有更好的燃油经济性,同时也利于保证电池荷电状态(SOC)平衡和动力设备的效率。