River Iyiudene is a vital distributary resource in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria and conveys an abundant amount of sediments to provincial and residual ecosystems. Although the importance of the river cannot be over...River Iyiudene is a vital distributary resource in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria and conveys an abundant amount of sediments to provincial and residual ecosystems. Although the importance of the river cannot be overemphasized, the geochemistry of its stream sediments is less investigated. Twenty (20) stream sediment samples were taken at the centre of the river channels to represent the entire drainage area well and avoid collapsed bank materials. The stream sediment samples were used to determine the dispersion, contamination status and sources of heavy metal concentrations. Total elemental digestion accompanied this with the use of aqua regia, an admixture of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>) in the ratio of 3:1 using the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The heavy metal concentration levels in River Iyiudene were low compared with sediments from Imo River, Gulf of California, Upper continental crust, Average shale and surface horizons, excluding Cd, which showed high concentration levels than the other reference studies. The results delineated a wide contrast in the concentration levels of the heavy metals, with the mean contents in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni > As. The pollution evaluation utilizing the Effect range low (ERL), Effect range median (ERM), single pollution index, and geo-accumulation index revealed Cd contamination. This study indicates that the heavy metals were sourced from the natural geological background of the river basin and possibly from agricultural runoff and atmospheric pollutants.展开更多
为研究区域性大暴雨的特征与机理,利用NCEP资料、常规探空资料、卫星云图、雷达及区域站观测资料对2012年7月5日河南省区域性大暴雨过程进行了诊断分析.结果表明:在低槽及副热带高压影响下,低空切变线、低空急流与地面中尺度辐合线相互...为研究区域性大暴雨的特征与机理,利用NCEP资料、常规探空资料、卫星云图、雷达及区域站观测资料对2012年7月5日河南省区域性大暴雨过程进行了诊断分析.结果表明:在低槽及副热带高压影响下,低空切变线、低空急流与地面中尺度辐合线相互作用产生了此次区域暴雨过程.冷空气的移动、对流层深厚的西南急流、中尺度辐合以及切变的形成和发展,对强降水有很好的指示作用.700 h Pa等压面上正垂直螺旋度中心的移向和强度变化与降水落区及趋势变化有很好的对应关系,对区域强降水的落区有一定的指示意义.研究结果为改进区域大暴雨预报提供了有益的信息.展开更多
在雨中舰载激光武器和激光雷达的工作效能受到制约。因此,研究激光在降水中的衰减特性对军事行动具有重要的科学意义。基于WRF中尺度气象研究模式,对2015年3月30日-4月2日的降水过程进行模拟分析,江淮气旋由于倒槽锋生产生,江苏地区和...在雨中舰载激光武器和激光雷达的工作效能受到制约。因此,研究激光在降水中的衰减特性对军事行动具有重要的科学意义。基于WRF中尺度气象研究模式,对2015年3月30日-4月2日的降水过程进行模拟分析,江淮气旋由于倒槽锋生产生,江苏地区和朝鲜半岛、日本等的降水过程就是高空西风急流与低空急流耦合的结果,与此同时还有700 h Pa切变线的配合。在气旋降水条件下,传输性能较好的10.6μm远红外波仍然受到衰减,在小雨的情况下(降雨率为0.25mm/h)探测距离可损失10%;在中雨的情况下(降雨率为2.7 mm/h)探测距离为正常情况下的70%;而在大雨情况下(降雨率为6 mm/h)探测距离仅为正常情况下的50%。展开更多
The analysis of '09.08.19' regional rainstorm weather in Shenyang showed that the circulation situation of the rainfall was the typical subtropical high pressure with westerly trough.Surface cyclone developmen...The analysis of '09.08.19' regional rainstorm weather in Shenyang showed that the circulation situation of the rainfall was the typical subtropical high pressure with westerly trough.Surface cyclone development in cooperation with the convergence and the role of the front of the uplift produced by the heavy rains trigger mechanism.The coupling configuration of low-level jet created favorable conditions for the development of convection,while the two rapids provided a steady stream of water vapor transport for the heavy rainfall.K exponential distribution,500 hPa,700 hPa temperature field and the total pseudo-equivalent potential temperature for the precipitation forecasts have a certain direction meaning.Japan fax map and MM5 grasped the precipitation forecasts better.展开更多
文摘River Iyiudene is a vital distributary resource in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria and conveys an abundant amount of sediments to provincial and residual ecosystems. Although the importance of the river cannot be overemphasized, the geochemistry of its stream sediments is less investigated. Twenty (20) stream sediment samples were taken at the centre of the river channels to represent the entire drainage area well and avoid collapsed bank materials. The stream sediment samples were used to determine the dispersion, contamination status and sources of heavy metal concentrations. Total elemental digestion accompanied this with the use of aqua regia, an admixture of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>) in the ratio of 3:1 using the atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The heavy metal concentration levels in River Iyiudene were low compared with sediments from Imo River, Gulf of California, Upper continental crust, Average shale and surface horizons, excluding Cd, which showed high concentration levels than the other reference studies. The results delineated a wide contrast in the concentration levels of the heavy metals, with the mean contents in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni > As. The pollution evaluation utilizing the Effect range low (ERL), Effect range median (ERM), single pollution index, and geo-accumulation index revealed Cd contamination. This study indicates that the heavy metals were sourced from the natural geological background of the river basin and possibly from agricultural runoff and atmospheric pollutants.
文摘为研究区域性大暴雨的特征与机理,利用NCEP资料、常规探空资料、卫星云图、雷达及区域站观测资料对2012年7月5日河南省区域性大暴雨过程进行了诊断分析.结果表明:在低槽及副热带高压影响下,低空切变线、低空急流与地面中尺度辐合线相互作用产生了此次区域暴雨过程.冷空气的移动、对流层深厚的西南急流、中尺度辐合以及切变的形成和发展,对强降水有很好的指示作用.700 h Pa等压面上正垂直螺旋度中心的移向和强度变化与降水落区及趋势变化有很好的对应关系,对区域强降水的落区有一定的指示意义.研究结果为改进区域大暴雨预报提供了有益的信息.
文摘在雨中舰载激光武器和激光雷达的工作效能受到制约。因此,研究激光在降水中的衰减特性对军事行动具有重要的科学意义。基于WRF中尺度气象研究模式,对2015年3月30日-4月2日的降水过程进行模拟分析,江淮气旋由于倒槽锋生产生,江苏地区和朝鲜半岛、日本等的降水过程就是高空西风急流与低空急流耦合的结果,与此同时还有700 h Pa切变线的配合。在气旋降水条件下,传输性能较好的10.6μm远红外波仍然受到衰减,在小雨的情况下(降雨率为0.25mm/h)探测距离可损失10%;在中雨的情况下(降雨率为2.7 mm/h)探测距离为正常情况下的70%;而在大雨情况下(降雨率为6 mm/h)探测距离仅为正常情况下的50%。
文摘The analysis of '09.08.19' regional rainstorm weather in Shenyang showed that the circulation situation of the rainfall was the typical subtropical high pressure with westerly trough.Surface cyclone development in cooperation with the convergence and the role of the front of the uplift produced by the heavy rains trigger mechanism.The coupling configuration of low-level jet created favorable conditions for the development of convection,while the two rapids provided a steady stream of water vapor transport for the heavy rainfall.K exponential distribution,500 hPa,700 hPa temperature field and the total pseudo-equivalent potential temperature for the precipitation forecasts have a certain direction meaning.Japan fax map and MM5 grasped the precipitation forecasts better.
