The 2-axis stress component decoupling of {100} c-Si by using oblique backscattering micro-Raman spectroscopy

With the application of strain engineering in microelectronics,complex stress states are introduced into advanced semiconductor devices.However,there is still a lack of effective metrology for the decoupling analysis of the complex stress states in semiconductor materials.This paper presents an investigation on the 2-axis stress component decoupling of{100}monocrystalline silicon(c-Si)by using oblique backscattering micro-Raman spectroscopy.A spectral-mechanical model was established,and two practicable methods for actual stress decoupling analyses were proposed.The verification experiments demonstrated the correctness and applicability of the methods proposed in this paper.

Application Strategies of the Bracket Set in Modern Architectural Design

The Bracket Set(dougong)is an important aspect of traditional Chinese architecture known for its exquisite structure,complexity,and rich variations.This design element has been used since the Qin and Han Dynasties and is still prevalent today.It highlights hierarchy and spiritual connotations in the design of a building.This article explores the application of Bracket Set elements in modern architectural design.It analyzes the specific application strategies of this design element,highlighting its value in modern architecture.The goal is to provide modern architectural designers with multiple perspectives and strategies to fully utilize the advantages of Bracket Set elements in architectural design and enhance the artistic value of their work.

Vibration of an infinite inhomogeneous transversely isotropic viscoelastic medium with cylindrical hole

This paper investigates the influences of higher order viscoelasticity and the inhomogeneities of the transversely isotropic elastic parameters on the disturbances in an infinite medium, caused by the presence of a transient radial force or twist on the surface of a cylindrical hole with circular cross section. Following Voigt＇s model for higher order viscoelasticity, the nonvanishing stress components valid for a transversely isotropic and higher order viscoelastic solid medium have been deduced in terms of radial displacement component. Considering the power law variation of elastic and viscoelastic parameters, the stress equation of motion has been developed. Solving this equation under suitable boundary conditions, due to transient forces and twists, radial displacement and relevant stress components have been determined in terms of modified Bessel functions. The problem for the presence of transient radial force has been numerically analysed. Modulations of displacement and stresses due to different order of viscoelasticity and inhomogeneity have been graphically depicted. The numerical study of the disturbance caused by the presence of twist on the surface may be similarly done but is not pursued in this paper.

A DEVELOPMENT OF BEM TO TWO DIMENSIONAL ELASTICITY

This paper presents a new boundary integral equatiòn for two- dimensional elasticity with the stress component σ_(ij)t_it_j as one of the boundary values, where t_i is the direction cosine of the tangent on the boundary.This form of BEM has an advantage in that the stress component σ_(ij)t_it_j on the boundary can be calculated directly from the numerical solution.The present formulation for plane problems uses two kernels,the one is logarithmically singular and the other is 1/r singular.The effectiveness of the approach is also discussed through test examples.

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE ROLE OF VORTICAL AND DIVERGENT COMPONENTS OF WIND STRESS IN ENSO CYCLE

The 1960-1991 monthly mean FSU (Florida State University)wind stress data are decomposed into a vortical and a divergent component with each of which to force the model ocean in the context of a two-layer tropical Pacific model.Evidence suggests that for the seasonal variation the ocean forcing does not produce a realistic cold tongue using either of the components and the tongue will not be effectively improved in its intensity and pattern even if the components are doubled or halved:the utilization of climatic mean wind stress(no decomposition is done of the wind stress)that contains its seasonal variation will lead to a realistic SST distribution on which is imposed,separately,the interannual anomalies of each of the components so as to get the SSTA pattern:under the action of the interannual anomaly of the vortical(divergent)component there arises qnite intense SSTA oscillation marked by noticeable ENSO periods(feeble SSTA with higher oscillation frequency for obscure ENSO periods),thereby illustrating that the roles of the two components differ from each other in the genesis of SST variation on a seasonal and an interannual basis such that a realistic cold tongue pattern follows under the joint effects on the model ocean of the two components of wind stress while rational E1 Nino/La Nina phenomena result under the forcing of an anomalous wind stress vortical component.Moreover,the divergent component is innegligible in generating a mean climatic condition of the ocean sector but of less importance compared to the vortical component in ENSO development.

Optimum Heating of Thick-Walled Pressure Components Assuming a Quasi-steady State of Temperature Distribution

As a result of the development of wind farms,the gas- steam blocks,which shall quickly ensure energy supply in case the wind velocity is too low,are introduced to the energy system.To shorten the start-up time of the gas-steam and conventional blocks,the structure of the basic components of the blocks are changed,e.g.by reducing the diameter of the boiler,the thickness of its wall is also reduced.The attempts were also made to revise the currently binding TRD 301 regulations,replacing them by the EN 12952-3 European Standard,to reduce the allowable heating and cooling rates of thick walled boiler components.The basic assumption,on which the boiler regulations allowing to calculate the allowable temperature change rates of pressure components were based,was the quasi- steady state of the temperature field in the simple shaped component,such as a slab,cylindrical or spherical wall.