An incrementally nonlinear hypoplastic constitutive model was introduced,which was developed without recourse to the concepts in elastoplasticity theory such as yield surface,plastic potential and the decomposition of...An incrementally nonlinear hypoplastic constitutive model was introduced,which was developed without recourse to the concepts in elastoplasticity theory such as yield surface,plastic potential and the decomposition of the deformation into elastic and plastic parts. Triaxial drained tests on rockfill were conducted on a large scale triaxial apparatus under two types of stress paths,which were the stress paths of constant stress ratio and the complex stress paths with transitional features. Motivated by the effect of stress path,the Gudehus-Bauer hypoplastic model was improved by considering the parameter variations with different ratios of stress increment. Fitting parameter α presents a piecewise linear relationship with cosine of the slope angle θ determined by instantaneous stress path. The improved hypoplastic model can present peak stress increasing and volumetric strain changing from dilatancy to contractancy with the increase of transitional confining pressure σ3t and the decrease of slope angle θ of stress path. Compared with the test data,it is shown that the model is capable of fully considering the effect of stress path on rockfill.展开更多
Coarse aggregates are the major infrastructure materials of concrete-faced rock-fill dams and are consolidated to bear upper and lateral loads. With the increase of dam height, high confining pressure and complex stre...Coarse aggregates are the major infrastructure materials of concrete-faced rock-fill dams and are consolidated to bear upper and lateral loads. With the increase of dam height, high confining pressure and complex stress states complicate the shear behavfor of coarse aggregates, and thus impede the high dam＇s proper construction, operation and maintenance. An experimental program was conducted to study the shear behavior of dam coarse aggregates using a large-scale triaxial shear apparatus. Through triaxial shear tests, the strain-stress behaviors of aggregates were observed under constant confining pressures： 300 kPa, 600 kPa 900 kPa and 1200 kPa. Shear strengths and aggregate breakage characteristics associated with high pressure shear processes are discussed. Stress path tests were conducted to observe and analyze coarse aggregate response under complex stress states. In triaxial shear tests, it was found that peak deviator stresses increase along with confining pressures, whereas the peak principal stress ratios decrease as confining pressures increase With increasing confining pressures, the dilation decreases and the contraction eventually prevails. Initial strength parameters （Poisson＇s ratio and tangent modulus） show a nonlinear relationship with confining pressures when the pressures are relatively low. Shear strength parameters decrease with increasing confining pressures. The failure envelope lines are convex curves, with clear curvature under low confining pressures. Under moderate confining pressures, dilation is offset by particle breakage. Under high confining pressures, dilation disappears.展开更多
Degradation tests are often used to assess the reliability of products with long failure-time or few test units. Much of the previous work on reliability assessment methods has focused on constant-stress degradation t...Degradation tests are often used to assess the reliability of products with long failure-time or few test units. Much of the previous work on reliability assessment methods has focused on constant-stress degradation test( CSDT) and accelerated degradation test( ADT), mainly under the constant, step or progressive stresses. However,in actual testing environments,some stresses are difficult to control and vary with time irregularly,which are quite different from the three stresses mentioned above. In this paper a new approach was presented for reliability assessment with degradation data under irregular time-varying-stress( ITVS).Firstly,the conventional degradation path modeling method was improved by taking into account the influences of the variable stress on the degradation variable. Then,an example was conducted to show the effectiveness of our improved model.展开更多
A series of hydraulic model tests with horizontal movable seabed under regular wave actions have been carried out to investigate the dynamic interactions between water waves and seabed soil. Seabed dynamic stresses fr...A series of hydraulic model tests with horizontal movable seabed under regular wave actions have been carried out to investigate the dynamic interactions between water waves and seabed soil. Seabed dynamic stresses from experiments are, tound to differ from theoretical resuhs. The response of p0 in permeable seabed has a small decay and phase shift to the nonlinear wave actions, and the dynamic stresses, σs/p0, σh/p0 and u/p0, contain different phase shift characteristics. Such phenomena will strongly affect the dynamic stress path in seabed. If the phase shifts of σs. and σh are neglected, the stress path will become a straight line; otherwise, it will become an elliptical curve. In phase shift cases, the long axis of the p - q diagram will be shortened when the depth increases, and the short axis will become longer when the phase shift increases. For the p＇ - q＇ diagram, the larger the phase lag of u, the longer the short axis. Relative results offer useful information for the analysis of seabed stability.展开更多
基金Projects(50479057, 50639060) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘An incrementally nonlinear hypoplastic constitutive model was introduced,which was developed without recourse to the concepts in elastoplasticity theory such as yield surface,plastic potential and the decomposition of the deformation into elastic and plastic parts. Triaxial drained tests on rockfill were conducted on a large scale triaxial apparatus under two types of stress paths,which were the stress paths of constant stress ratio and the complex stress paths with transitional features. Motivated by the effect of stress path,the Gudehus-Bauer hypoplastic model was improved by considering the parameter variations with different ratios of stress increment. Fitting parameter α presents a piecewise linear relationship with cosine of the slope angle θ determined by instantaneous stress path. The improved hypoplastic model can present peak stress increasing and volumetric strain changing from dilatancy to contractancy with the increase of transitional confining pressure σ3t and the decrease of slope angle θ of stress path. Compared with the test data,it is shown that the model is capable of fully considering the effect of stress path on rockfill.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50639050)
文摘Coarse aggregates are the major infrastructure materials of concrete-faced rock-fill dams and are consolidated to bear upper and lateral loads. With the increase of dam height, high confining pressure and complex stress states complicate the shear behavfor of coarse aggregates, and thus impede the high dam＇s proper construction, operation and maintenance. An experimental program was conducted to study the shear behavior of dam coarse aggregates using a large-scale triaxial shear apparatus. Through triaxial shear tests, the strain-stress behaviors of aggregates were observed under constant confining pressures： 300 kPa, 600 kPa 900 kPa and 1200 kPa. Shear strengths and aggregate breakage characteristics associated with high pressure shear processes are discussed. Stress path tests were conducted to observe and analyze coarse aggregate response under complex stress states. In triaxial shear tests, it was found that peak deviator stresses increase along with confining pressures, whereas the peak principal stress ratios decrease as confining pressures increase With increasing confining pressures, the dilation decreases and the contraction eventually prevails. Initial strength parameters （Poisson＇s ratio and tangent modulus） show a nonlinear relationship with confining pressures when the pressures are relatively low. Shear strength parameters decrease with increasing confining pressures. The failure envelope lines are convex curves, with clear curvature under low confining pressures. Under moderate confining pressures, dilation is offset by particle breakage. Under high confining pressures, dilation disappears.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.61273041,71271212)
文摘Degradation tests are often used to assess the reliability of products with long failure-time or few test units. Much of the previous work on reliability assessment methods has focused on constant-stress degradation test( CSDT) and accelerated degradation test( ADT), mainly under the constant, step or progressive stresses. However,in actual testing environments,some stresses are difficult to control and vary with time irregularly,which are quite different from the three stresses mentioned above. In this paper a new approach was presented for reliability assessment with degradation data under irregular time-varying-stress( ITVS).Firstly,the conventional degradation path modeling method was improved by taking into account the influences of the variable stress on the degradation variable. Then,an example was conducted to show the effectiveness of our improved model.
基金This research was financially supported by the National Science Council , Taiwan under the project entitled"TheStudy of the Dynamic Behavior of Foundation Soil beneath Nearshore structures under Wave Loading Action (I)"withthe project number of NSC-91-2211-E-019-013
文摘A series of hydraulic model tests with horizontal movable seabed under regular wave actions have been carried out to investigate the dynamic interactions between water waves and seabed soil. Seabed dynamic stresses from experiments are, tound to differ from theoretical resuhs. The response of p0 in permeable seabed has a small decay and phase shift to the nonlinear wave actions, and the dynamic stresses, σs/p0, σh/p0 and u/p0, contain different phase shift characteristics. Such phenomena will strongly affect the dynamic stress path in seabed. If the phase shifts of σs. and σh are neglected, the stress path will become a straight line; otherwise, it will become an elliptical curve. In phase shift cases, the long axis of the p - q diagram will be shortened when the depth increases, and the short axis will become longer when the phase shift increases. For the p＇ - q＇ diagram, the larger the phase lag of u, the longer the short axis. Relative results offer useful information for the analysis of seabed stability.
