A mathematical model was developed for layout optimization of truss structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints. By using the quasi-static met...A mathematical model was developed for layout optimization of truss structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints. By using the quasi-static method, the mathematical model of structure optimization under dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints were transformed into one subjected to static stress, displacement and stability constraints. The optimization procedures include two levels, i.e., the topology optimization and the shape optimization. In each level, the comprehensive algorithm was used and the relative difference quotients of two kinds of variables were used to search the optimum solution. A comparison between the optimum results of model with stability constraints and the optimum results of model without stability constraint was given. And that shows the stability constraints have a great effect on the optimum solutions.展开更多
A method for topological optimization of structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress and displacement constraints is presented. By using the quasistatic method, the structure optimization problem un...A method for topological optimization of structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress and displacement constraints is presented. By using the quasistatic method, the structure optimization problem under dynamic stress and displacement constraints is converted into one subjected to static stress and displacement constraints. The comprehensive algorithm for topological optimization of structures with discrete variables is used to find the optimum solution.展开更多
In the present paper,three dimensional analyses of some general constraint parameters and fracture parameters near the crack tip of Mode I CT specimens in two different thicknesses are carried out by employing ADINA p...In the present paper,three dimensional analyses of some general constraint parameters and fracture parameters near the crack tip of Mode I CT specimens in two different thicknesses are carried out by employing ADINA program.The results reveal that the constraints along the thickness direction are obviously separated into two parts:the keeping similar high constraint field(Z_(1))and rapid reducing constraints one(Z_(2)).The two fields are experimentally confiremed to correspond to the smooth region and the shear lip on the fracture face respectively.So the three dimensional stress structure of Mode I specimens can be derived through discussing the two fields respectively.The distribution of the Crack Tip Opening Displacement(CTOD)along the thickness direction and the three dimensional distribution of the void growth ratio(V_(g))near the crack tip are also obtained.The two fracture parameters are in similar trends along the thickness direction,and both of them can reflect the effect of thickness and that of the loading level to a certain degree.展开更多
Key components of large structures in aeronautics industry are required to be made light and have long enough fatigue lives.It is of vital importance to estimate the fatigue life of these structures accurately.Since t...Key components of large structures in aeronautics industry are required to be made light and have long enough fatigue lives.It is of vital importance to estimate the fatigue life of these structures accurately.Since the FCG process is affected by various factors,no universal model exists due to the complexity of the mechanisms.Most of the existing models are obtained by fitting the experimental data and could hardly describe the integrative effect of most existing factors simultaneously.In order to account for the integrative effect of specimen parameters,material property and loading conditions on FCG process,a new model named integrative influence factor model（IIF） is proposed based on the plasticity-induced crack closure theory.Accordingly to the predictions of crack opening ratio（γ） and effective stress intensity factor range ratio（U） with different material under various loading conditions,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are completely identical to the theoretical results from the plane stress state to the plane strain state when Poisson＇s ratio equals 1/3.When Poisson＇s ratio equals 0.3,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are larger than the predictions by the existing model,and more close to the theoretical results.In addition,it describes the influence of R ratios on γ and U effectively in the whole region from-1.0 to 1.0.Moreover,several sets of test data of FCG rates in 5 kinds of aluminum alloys with various specimen thicknesses under different loading conditions are used to validate the IIF model,most of the test data are situated on the predicted curves or between the two curves that represent the specimen with different thicknesses under the same stress ratio.Some of the test data slightly departure from the predictions by the IIF model due to the surface roughness and errors in measurement.Besides,based on the analysis of the physical rule of crack opening ratios,a relative thickness of specimen is defined to describe the influence of material property,specimen thickness and so forth on FCG characteristics conveniently.In conclusion,the relative thickness of specimen simplifies the expression of FCG characteristic and provides a general parameter to analyze the fatigue characteristics of different materials with various thicknesses under different loading conditions.The IIF model describes the integrative effect of existing influence factors explicitly and quantitatively,and provides a helpful tool for fatigue property estimation of practical component and experiment design.展开更多
The stress hardening characteristics of the reinforced rock mass in uniaxial compression tests were revealed by means of the experimental study on mechanical characteristics of cracked rock mass reinforced by bolting ...The stress hardening characteristics of the reinforced rock mass in uniaxial compression tests were revealed by means of the experimental study on mechanical characteristics of cracked rock mass reinforced by bolting and grouting. And the load-beating mechanism of the reinforced rock mass was perfectly reflected by the experiment. The results can offer some useful advice for support design and stability analysis of deep drifts in unstable strata.展开更多
Based on the finite element method,a structural optimization design is studied on thin-walled fuselage structures for multiple load conditions,and subjected to ,tress, displacement and gauge constraints.The thickness ...Based on the finite element method,a structural optimization design is studied on thin-walled fuselage structures for multiple load conditions,and subjected to ,tress, displacement and gauge constraints.The thickness of plates and cross sectional area of beams and bars are chosen as design variables. The Kuhn-Tucker necessary condition is used to obtain the minimum weight design. In order to speed up the iteration process of the multiple displacement constraint problem, we simplify it to a single most critical displacement constraint, which eliminates the need of calculating a large set of Lagrange multipliers for all the active constraints. An optimization criterion is derived. A recursion formula for stress and displacement constraints is derived and implemented into the design optimization algorithm named FOPT, which approaches to the optimum design along the most active constraint boundary. Design variable linking technique is used to reduce the number of independent design variables to several design groups.A program using finite element analysis for optimization of large scale structures is developed; the program is running on IBM-3081 computer.APplication of the program to a number of structures demonstrates the efficiency and accuracy of the method.Using the MSC/MOD and MSC/PAL2 which are linked to an HP PRINTERJET,a set of coloured printings are obtained and the results of this study are shown.展开更多
采用指数类函数为快滤函数的高精度逼近ICM(independent continuous and mapping)方法,建立了以结构重量为目标,应力和位移共同约束下的连续体结构拓扑优化模型.利用结构畸变比能的方法全局化应力约束,单位虚载荷法显式化位移约束,归一...采用指数类函数为快滤函数的高精度逼近ICM(independent continuous and mapping)方法,建立了以结构重量为目标,应力和位移共同约束下的连续体结构拓扑优化模型.利用结构畸变比能的方法全局化应力约束,单位虚载荷法显式化位移约束,归一化约束以解决约束限数量级不一致的问题.针对不同性态的过滤函数,给出了指数类快滤函数参数的取值方法.单工况和多工况的算例表明了高精度逼近的ICM方法处理多种约束下连续体结构拓扑优化的可行性与有效性.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10002005 and 10421002)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (No.02360081)the Education Committee Foundation of Tianjin (No.20022104)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of China and the 211 Foundation of Dalian University of Technology
文摘A mathematical model was developed for layout optimization of truss structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints. By using the quasi-static method, the mathematical model of structure optimization under dynamic stress, dynamic displacement and dynamic stability constraints were transformed into one subjected to static stress, displacement and stability constraints. The optimization procedures include two levels, i.e., the topology optimization and the shape optimization. In each level, the comprehensive algorithm was used and the relative difference quotients of two kinds of variables were used to search the optimum solution. A comparison between the optimum results of model with stability constraints and the optimum results of model without stability constraint was given. And that shows the stability constraints have a great effect on the optimum solutions.
文摘A method for topological optimization of structures with discrete variables subjected to dynamic stress and displacement constraints is presented. By using the quasistatic method, the structure optimization problem under dynamic stress and displacement constraints is converted into one subjected to static stress and displacement constraints. The comprehensive algorithm for topological optimization of structures with discrete variables is used to find the optimum solution.
文摘In the present paper,three dimensional analyses of some general constraint parameters and fracture parameters near the crack tip of Mode I CT specimens in two different thicknesses are carried out by employing ADINA program.The results reveal that the constraints along the thickness direction are obviously separated into two parts:the keeping similar high constraint field(Z_(1))and rapid reducing constraints one(Z_(2)).The two fields are experimentally confiremed to correspond to the smooth region and the shear lip on the fracture face respectively.So the three dimensional stress structure of Mode I specimens can be derived through discussing the two fields respectively.The distribution of the Crack Tip Opening Displacement(CTOD)along the thickness direction and the three dimensional distribution of the void growth ratio(V_(g))near the crack tip are also obtained.The two fracture parameters are in similar trends along the thickness direction,and both of them can reflect the effect of thickness and that of the loading level to a certain degree.
基金supported by Military Pre-study Project of General Armament Department of China (Grant No. YG060101C)
文摘Key components of large structures in aeronautics industry are required to be made light and have long enough fatigue lives.It is of vital importance to estimate the fatigue life of these structures accurately.Since the FCG process is affected by various factors,no universal model exists due to the complexity of the mechanisms.Most of the existing models are obtained by fitting the experimental data and could hardly describe the integrative effect of most existing factors simultaneously.In order to account for the integrative effect of specimen parameters,material property and loading conditions on FCG process,a new model named integrative influence factor model（IIF） is proposed based on the plasticity-induced crack closure theory.Accordingly to the predictions of crack opening ratio（γ） and effective stress intensity factor range ratio（U） with different material under various loading conditions,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are completely identical to the theoretical results from the plane stress state to the plane strain state when Poisson＇s ratio equals 1/3.When Poisson＇s ratio equals 0.3,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are larger than the predictions by the existing model,and more close to the theoretical results.In addition,it describes the influence of R ratios on γ and U effectively in the whole region from-1.0 to 1.0.Moreover,several sets of test data of FCG rates in 5 kinds of aluminum alloys with various specimen thicknesses under different loading conditions are used to validate the IIF model,most of the test data are situated on the predicted curves or between the two curves that represent the specimen with different thicknesses under the same stress ratio.Some of the test data slightly departure from the predictions by the IIF model due to the surface roughness and errors in measurement.Besides,based on the analysis of the physical rule of crack opening ratios,a relative thickness of specimen is defined to describe the influence of material property,specimen thickness and so forth on FCG characteristics conveniently.In conclusion,the relative thickness of specimen simplifies the expression of FCG characteristic and provides a general parameter to analyze the fatigue characteristics of different materials with various thicknesses under different loading conditions.The IIF model describes the integrative effect of existing influence factors explicitly and quantitatively,and provides a helpful tool for fatigue property estimation of practical component and experiment design.
基金Projects50490273 and 50474063 supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The stress hardening characteristics of the reinforced rock mass in uniaxial compression tests were revealed by means of the experimental study on mechanical characteristics of cracked rock mass reinforced by bolting and grouting. And the load-beating mechanism of the reinforced rock mass was perfectly reflected by the experiment. The results can offer some useful advice for support design and stability analysis of deep drifts in unstable strata.
文摘Based on the finite element method,a structural optimization design is studied on thin-walled fuselage structures for multiple load conditions,and subjected to ,tress, displacement and gauge constraints.The thickness of plates and cross sectional area of beams and bars are chosen as design variables. The Kuhn-Tucker necessary condition is used to obtain the minimum weight design. In order to speed up the iteration process of the multiple displacement constraint problem, we simplify it to a single most critical displacement constraint, which eliminates the need of calculating a large set of Lagrange multipliers for all the active constraints. An optimization criterion is derived. A recursion formula for stress and displacement constraints is derived and implemented into the design optimization algorithm named FOPT, which approaches to the optimum design along the most active constraint boundary. Design variable linking technique is used to reduce the number of independent design variables to several design groups.A program using finite element analysis for optimization of large scale structures is developed; the program is running on IBM-3081 computer.APplication of the program to a number of structures demonstrates the efficiency and accuracy of the method.Using the MSC/MOD and MSC/PAL2 which are linked to an HP PRINTERJET,a set of coloured printings are obtained and the results of this study are shown.
文摘采用指数类函数为快滤函数的高精度逼近ICM(independent continuous and mapping)方法,建立了以结构重量为目标,应力和位移共同约束下的连续体结构拓扑优化模型.利用结构畸变比能的方法全局化应力约束,单位虚载荷法显式化位移约束,归一化约束以解决约束限数量级不一致的问题.针对不同性态的过滤函数,给出了指数类快滤函数参数的取值方法.单工况和多工况的算例表明了高精度逼近的ICM方法处理多种约束下连续体结构拓扑优化的可行性与有效性.
