A 48 mm x 60 mm x 1 mm miniaturized multi band antenna based on deformed split ring re sonators was presented. The antenna was consisted of a micro strip line and a deformed split square ring. Its/S11/parameters were...A 48 mm x 60 mm x 1 mm miniaturized multi band antenna based on deformed split ring re sonators was presented. The antenna was consisted of a micro strip line and a deformed split square ring. Its/S11/parameters were determined through numerical simulation and experimental measure ment within three working bands of 2.6 GHz to 3. 0 GHz, 3. 9 GHz to 4. 4 GHz and 5.2 GHz to 5. 8 GHz and the results showed that the parameters within all the bands were less than 10 dB. The gain at every frequency for the antenna was above 2.2 dB and it increased monotonously with the frequency from 5. 5 GHz to 7. 0 GHz.展开更多
The propose of this paper is to design the circularly polarized antenna for mobile base station, using a curved strip dipole associated with U-shaped reflector and multi-layer metallic rod elec-tromagnetic band gap (E...The propose of this paper is to design the circularly polarized antenna for mobile base station, using a curved strip dipole associated with U-shaped reflector and multi-layer metallic rod elec-tromagnetic band gap (EBG). It can be used to simplify the single feed system of an antenna. The advantages of this proposed antenna are easy fabrication and installation, high gain and light weight. Moreover, it provides a sectoral radiation pattern, a main beam having a narrow beam width in the vertical direction and wider beamwidth in the horizontal direction, which are appro-priate for mobile phone base station. The half-power beam in the H-plane and E-plane are 60 and 14.4 degrees, respectively. The antenna is designed and analyzed by using a computer simulation technology (CST). In addition, S11, axial ratio, radiation pattern and gain are displayed. The designed technique could be confirmed by a measurement resulting from prototype antenna corresponding to simulation results. The proposed antenna has a bandwidth covering the frequency range of 1870 - 2170 MHz, and the gain of the antenna increases up to 15.11 dBi.展开更多
The widespread mobile station’s antennas and the continued increase in the number of mobile phones users throughout the Gaza strip causing great panic in the population relating the debate overexposure to electromagn...The widespread mobile station’s antennas and the continued increase in the number of mobile phones users throughout the Gaza strip causing great panic in the population relating the debate overexposure to electromagnetic radiation EMR emitted from the antennas of mobile base stations. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure the levels of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the antennas of cellular base stations in Gaza governorate as well as to evaluate the citizen’s awareness and practices regarding potential health risks and mitigation methods of exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted from cellular base stations, respectively. Fifty cellular base stations out of 197 stations were selected depending on the criteria of selecting one site per kilometer using Global Positioning System (GPS). Electromagnetic power density, electric field strength, and the magnetic field strength emitted from cellular base stations were measured using Narda-550. Assessment tool for observation was used to collect operational information of each station. A structured questionnaire with four-level Likert rating scale was used to survey 384 mobile phone users from the areas surrounding the selected cellular base stations. The results showed that the electromagnetic radiation levels of all stations were low and less than the national and international acceptable limits. Furthermore, the awareness of participant about health risks that could result from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted from cellular base stations and mobile phones was low. Nevertheless, the participant’s practices in mitigating the adverse impacts of electromagnetic radiation emitted from cellular base stations and mobile phones on their health were good.展开更多
基金Supported by the Beijing Institute of Technology Science Foundation(5745320094857)
文摘A 48 mm x 60 mm x 1 mm miniaturized multi band antenna based on deformed split ring re sonators was presented. The antenna was consisted of a micro strip line and a deformed split square ring. Its/S11/parameters were determined through numerical simulation and experimental measure ment within three working bands of 2.6 GHz to 3. 0 GHz, 3. 9 GHz to 4. 4 GHz and 5.2 GHz to 5. 8 GHz and the results showed that the parameters within all the bands were less than 10 dB. The gain at every frequency for the antenna was above 2.2 dB and it increased monotonously with the frequency from 5. 5 GHz to 7. 0 GHz.
文摘The propose of this paper is to design the circularly polarized antenna for mobile base station, using a curved strip dipole associated with U-shaped reflector and multi-layer metallic rod elec-tromagnetic band gap (EBG). It can be used to simplify the single feed system of an antenna. The advantages of this proposed antenna are easy fabrication and installation, high gain and light weight. Moreover, it provides a sectoral radiation pattern, a main beam having a narrow beam width in the vertical direction and wider beamwidth in the horizontal direction, which are appro-priate for mobile phone base station. The half-power beam in the H-plane and E-plane are 60 and 14.4 degrees, respectively. The antenna is designed and analyzed by using a computer simulation technology (CST). In addition, S11, axial ratio, radiation pattern and gain are displayed. The designed technique could be confirmed by a measurement resulting from prototype antenna corresponding to simulation results. The proposed antenna has a bandwidth covering the frequency range of 1870 - 2170 MHz, and the gain of the antenna increases up to 15.11 dBi.
文摘The widespread mobile station’s antennas and the continued increase in the number of mobile phones users throughout the Gaza strip causing great panic in the population relating the debate overexposure to electromagnetic radiation EMR emitted from the antennas of mobile base stations. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure the levels of electromagnetic radiation emitted from the antennas of cellular base stations in Gaza governorate as well as to evaluate the citizen’s awareness and practices regarding potential health risks and mitigation methods of exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted from cellular base stations, respectively. Fifty cellular base stations out of 197 stations were selected depending on the criteria of selecting one site per kilometer using Global Positioning System (GPS). Electromagnetic power density, electric field strength, and the magnetic field strength emitted from cellular base stations were measured using Narda-550. Assessment tool for observation was used to collect operational information of each station. A structured questionnaire with four-level Likert rating scale was used to survey 384 mobile phone users from the areas surrounding the selected cellular base stations. The results showed that the electromagnetic radiation levels of all stations were low and less than the national and international acceptable limits. Furthermore, the awareness of participant about health risks that could result from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted from cellular base stations and mobile phones was low. Nevertheless, the participant’s practices in mitigating the adverse impacts of electromagnetic radiation emitted from cellular base stations and mobile phones on their health were good.
