The notions of the nilpotent and the strong-nilpotent Leibniz 3-algebras are defined. And the three dimensional two-step nilpotent, strong-nilpotent Leibniz 3-algebras are classified.
Three Clifford algebras are sufficient to describe all interactions of modern physics: The Clifford algebra of the usual space is enough to describe all aspects of electromagnetism, including the quantum wave of the e...Three Clifford algebras are sufficient to describe all interactions of modern physics: The Clifford algebra of the usual space is enough to describe all aspects of electromagnetism, including the quantum wave of the electron. The Clifford algebra of space-time is enough for electro-weak interactions. To get the gauge group of the standard model, with electro-weak and strong interactions, a third algebra is sufficient, with only two more dimensions of space. The Clifford algebra of space allows us to include also gravitation. We discuss the advantages of our approach.展开更多
Algebraic reflexivity introduced by Hadwin is related to linear interpolation.In this paper,the concepts of weakly algebraic reflexivity and strongly algebraic reflexivity which are also related to linear interpolat...Algebraic reflexivity introduced by Hadwin is related to linear interpolation.In this paper,the concepts of weakly algebraic reflexivity and strongly algebraic reflexivity which are also related to linear interpolation are introduced.Some properties of them are obtained and some relations between them revealed展开更多
In this paper,we introduce and investigate the strongly regular relation.Then we give the relational representations and an intrinsic characterization of strongly algebraic lattices via mapping relation and strongly r...In this paper,we introduce and investigate the strongly regular relation.Then we give the relational representations and an intrinsic characterization of strongly algebraic lattices via mapping relation and strongly regular relation.展开更多
A wave equation with mass term is studied for all fermionic particles and antiparticles of the first generation: electron and its neutrino, positron and antineutrino, quarks u and d with three states of color and anti...A wave equation with mass term is studied for all fermionic particles and antiparticles of the first generation: electron and its neutrino, positron and antineutrino, quarks u and d with three states of color and antiquarks and . This wave equation is form invariant under the group generalizing the relativistic invariance. It is gauge invariant under the U(1)×SU(2)×SU(3) group of the standard model of quantum physics. The wave is a function of space and time with value in the Clifford algebra Cl1,5. Then many features of the standard model, charge conjugation, color, left waves, and Lagrangian formalism, are obtained in the frame of the first quantization.展开更多
Let G be a primitive strongly regular graph of order n and A is adjacency matrix. In this paper we first associate to A a real 3-dimensional Euclidean Jordan algebra? with rank three spanned by In and the natural powe...Let G be a primitive strongly regular graph of order n and A is adjacency matrix. In this paper we first associate to A a real 3-dimensional Euclidean Jordan algebra? with rank three spanned by In and the natural powers of A that is a subalgebra of the Euclidean Jordan algebra of symmetric matrix of order n. Next we consider a basis? that is a Jordan frame of . Finally, by an algebraic asymptotic analysis of the second spectral decomposition of some Hadamard series associated to A we establish some inequalities over the spectra and over the parameters of a strongly regular graph.展开更多
We consider the real three-dimensional Euclidean Jordan algebra associated to a strongly regular graph. Then, the Krein parameters of a strongly regular graph are generalized and some generalized Krein admissibility c...We consider the real three-dimensional Euclidean Jordan algebra associated to a strongly regular graph. Then, the Krein parameters of a strongly regular graph are generalized and some generalized Krein admissibility conditions are deduced. Furthermore, we establish some relations between the classical Krein parameters and the generalized Krein parameters.展开更多
Puczylowski established the general theory of radicals of the class of objects called algebras. In this paper, we make use of the method of lattice theory to characterize the general hereditary radicals and general st...Puczylowski established the general theory of radicals of the class of objects called algebras. In this paper, we make use of the method of lattice theory to characterize the general hereditary radicals and general strongly semisimple radicals and investigate some properties of them in normal classes of algebras. This extends some known studies on the theory of radicals of various algebraic strutures.展开更多
Let A be a quasi-hereditary algebra with a strong exact Borel subalgebra. It is proved that for any standard semisimple subalgebra T there exists an exact Borel subalgebra B of A such that T is a maximal semisimple su...Let A be a quasi-hereditary algebra with a strong exact Borel subalgebra. It is proved that for any standard semisimple subalgebra T there exists an exact Borel subalgebra B of A such that T is a maximal semisimple subalgebra of B. It is shown that the maximal length of flags of exact Borel subalgebras of A is the difference of the radium and the rank of Grothendic group of A plus 2. The number of conjugation-classes of exact Borel subalgebras is 1 if and only if A is basic; the number is 2 if and only if A is semisimple. For all other cases, this number is 0 or no less than 3. Furthermore, it is shown that all the exact Borel subalgebras are idempotent-conjugate to each other, that is, for any exact Borel subalgebras B and C of A, there exists an idempotent e of A, and an invertible element u of A, such that eBe = u-1eCeu.展开更多
Let A be a finite-dimensional algebra over the real number field.We prove that the repetitive algebra A admits the dichotomy property of representation type,i.e.,A is either of discrete representation type or of stron...Let A be a finite-dimensional algebra over the real number field.We prove that the repetitive algebra A admits the dichotomy property of representation type,i.e.,A is either of discrete representation type or of strongly unbounded type.展开更多
基金supported by NSFC (10871192)NSF of Hebei Province (A2010000194)
文摘The notions of the nilpotent and the strong-nilpotent Leibniz 3-algebras are defined. And the three dimensional two-step nilpotent, strong-nilpotent Leibniz 3-algebras are classified.
文摘Three Clifford algebras are sufficient to describe all interactions of modern physics: The Clifford algebra of the usual space is enough to describe all aspects of electromagnetism, including the quantum wave of the electron. The Clifford algebra of space-time is enough for electro-weak interactions. To get the gauge group of the standard model, with electro-weak and strong interactions, a third algebra is sufficient, with only two more dimensions of space. The Clifford algebra of space allows us to include also gravitation. We discuss the advantages of our approach.
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1 9771 0 72 ) .
文摘Algebraic reflexivity introduced by Hadwin is related to linear interpolation.In this paper,the concepts of weakly algebraic reflexivity and strongly algebraic reflexivity which are also related to linear interpolation are introduced.Some properties of them are obtained and some relations between them revealed
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10861007)
文摘In this paper,we introduce and investigate the strongly regular relation.Then we give the relational representations and an intrinsic characterization of strongly algebraic lattices via mapping relation and strongly regular relation.
文摘A wave equation with mass term is studied for all fermionic particles and antiparticles of the first generation: electron and its neutrino, positron and antineutrino, quarks u and d with three states of color and antiquarks and . This wave equation is form invariant under the group generalizing the relativistic invariance. It is gauge invariant under the U(1)×SU(2)×SU(3) group of the standard model of quantum physics. The wave is a function of space and time with value in the Clifford algebra Cl1,5. Then many features of the standard model, charge conjugation, color, left waves, and Lagrangian formalism, are obtained in the frame of the first quantization.
文摘Let G be a primitive strongly regular graph of order n and A is adjacency matrix. In this paper we first associate to A a real 3-dimensional Euclidean Jordan algebra? with rank three spanned by In and the natural powers of A that is a subalgebra of the Euclidean Jordan algebra of symmetric matrix of order n. Next we consider a basis? that is a Jordan frame of . Finally, by an algebraic asymptotic analysis of the second spectral decomposition of some Hadamard series associated to A we establish some inequalities over the spectra and over the parameters of a strongly regular graph.
基金supported by the European Regional Development Fund through the program COMPETEby the Portuguese Government through the FCT—Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia under the project PEst—C/MAT/UI0144/2013+1 种基金partially supported by Portuguese Funds trough CIDMA—Center for Research and development in Mathematics and Applications,Department of Mathematics,University of Aveiro,3810-193,Aveiro,Portugalthe Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia),within Project PEst-OE/MAT/UI4106/2014
文摘We consider the real three-dimensional Euclidean Jordan algebra associated to a strongly regular graph. Then, the Krein parameters of a strongly regular graph are generalized and some generalized Krein admissibility conditions are deduced. Furthermore, we establish some relations between the classical Krein parameters and the generalized Krein parameters.
文摘Puczylowski established the general theory of radicals of the class of objects called algebras. In this paper, we make use of the method of lattice theory to characterize the general hereditary radicals and general strongly semisimple radicals and investigate some properties of them in normal classes of algebras. This extends some known studies on the theory of radicals of various algebraic strutures.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10071062) also by the Doctorate Foundation of Hainan University and the Science and Technology Foundation of the Shanghai Jiaotong University.
文摘Let A be a quasi-hereditary algebra with a strong exact Borel subalgebra. It is proved that for any standard semisimple subalgebra T there exists an exact Borel subalgebra B of A such that T is a maximal semisimple subalgebra of B. It is shown that the maximal length of flags of exact Borel subalgebras of A is the difference of the radium and the rank of Grothendic group of A plus 2. The number of conjugation-classes of exact Borel subalgebras is 1 if and only if A is basic; the number is 2 if and only if A is semisimple. For all other cases, this number is 0 or no less than 3. Furthermore, it is shown that all the exact Borel subalgebras are idempotent-conjugate to each other, that is, for any exact Borel subalgebras B and C of A, there exists an idempotent e of A, and an invertible element u of A, such that eBe = u-1eCeu.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11961007)Science Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(Grant Nos.[2018]1021,[2020]1Y405).
文摘Let A be a finite-dimensional algebra over the real number field.We prove that the repetitive algebra A admits the dichotomy property of representation type,i.e.,A is either of discrete representation type or of strongly unbounded type.
