Due to the technical fault,a wrong version of the paper was uploaded.The content of the article was not affected,but the layout of the article was affected.The original article has been corrected.
We investigate the nature of the strong coupling constant and related physics.Through the analysis of accumulated experimental data around the world,we employ the ability of machine learning to unravel its physical la...We investigate the nature of the strong coupling constant and related physics.Through the analysis of accumulated experimental data around the world,we employ the ability of machine learning to unravel its physical laws.The result of our efforts is a formula that captures the expansive panorama of the distribution of the strong coupling constant across the entire energy range.展开更多
In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correc...In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.展开更多
Tuning Strong Metal-support Interactions(SMSI)is a key strategy to obtain highly active catalysts,but conventional methods usually enable TiO_(x) encapsulation of noble metal components to minimize the exposure of nob...Tuning Strong Metal-support Interactions(SMSI)is a key strategy to obtain highly active catalysts,but conventional methods usually enable TiO_(x) encapsulation of noble metal components to minimize the exposure of noble metals.This study demonstrates a catalyst preparation method to modulate a weak encapsulation of Pt metal nanoparticles(NPs)with the supported TiO_(2),achieving the moderate suppression of SMSI effects.The introduction of silica inhibits this encapsulation,as reflected in the characterization results such as XPS and HRTEM,while the Ti^(4+) to Ti^(3+) conversion due to SMSI can still be found on the support surface.Furthermore,the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde(CAL)as a probe reaction revealed that once this encapsulation behavior was suppressed,the adsorption capacity of the catalyst for small molecules like H_(2) and CO was enhanced,which thereby improved the catalytic activity and facilitated the hydrogenation of CAL.Meanwhile,the introduction of SiO_(2) also changed the surface structure of the catalyst,which inhibited the occurrence of the acetal reaction and improved the conversion efficiency of C=O and C=C hydrogenation.Systematic manipulation of SMSI formation and its consequence on the performance in catalytic hydrogenation reactions are discussed.展开更多
Rydberg state excitation(RSE) is a highly non-linear physical phenomenon that is induced by the ionization of atoms or molecules in strong femtosecond laser fields. Here we observe that both parent and fragments(S, C,...Rydberg state excitation(RSE) is a highly non-linear physical phenomenon that is induced by the ionization of atoms or molecules in strong femtosecond laser fields. Here we observe that both parent and fragments(S, C, OC) of the triatomic molecule carbonyl sulfide(OCS) can survive strong 800 nm or 400 nm laser fields in high Rydberg states. The dependence of parent and fragment RSE yields on laser intensity and ellipticity is investigated in both laser fields, and the results are compared with those for strong-field ionization. Distinctly different tendencies for laser intensity and ellipticity are observed for fragment RSE compared with the corresponding ions. The mechanisms of RSE and strong-field ionization of OCS molecules in different laser fields are discussed based on the experimental results. Our study sheds some light on the strong-field excitation and ionization of molecules irradiated by femtosecond NIR and UV laser fields.展开更多
We study the global existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to the kinetic thermomechanical Cucker-Smale(for short,TCS) model coupled with Stokes equations in the whole space.The coupled system consists of the k...We study the global existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to the kinetic thermomechanical Cucker-Smale(for short,TCS) model coupled with Stokes equations in the whole space.The coupled system consists of the kinetic TCS equation for a particle ensemble and the Stokes equations for a fluid via a drag force.In this paper,we present a complete analysis of the existence of global-in-time strong solutions to the coupled model without any smallness restrictions on the initial data.展开更多
Strong coupling between resonantly matched surface plasmons of metals and excitons of quantum emitters results in the formation of new plasmon-exciton hybridized energy states.In plasmon-exciton strong coupling,plasmo...Strong coupling between resonantly matched surface plasmons of metals and excitons of quantum emitters results in the formation of new plasmon-exciton hybridized energy states.In plasmon-exciton strong coupling,plasmonic nanocavities play a significant role due to their ability to confine light in an ultrasmall volume.Additionally,two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) have a significant exciton binding energy and remain stable at ambient conditions,making them an excellent alternative for investigating light-matter interactions.As a result,strong plasmon-exciton coupling has been reported by introducing a single metallic cavity.However,single nanoparticles have lower spatial confinement of electromagnetic fields and limited tunability to match the excitonic resonance.Here,we introduce the concept of catenary-shaped optical fields induced by plasmonic metamaterial cavities to scale the strength of plasmon-exciton coupling.The demonstrated plasmon modes of metallic metamaterial cavities offer high confinement and tunability and can match with the excitons of TMDCs to exhibit a strong coupling regime by tuning either the size of the cavity gap or thickness.The calculated Rabi splitting of Au-MoSe_2 and Au-WSe_2 heterostructures strongly depends on the catenary-like field enhancement induced by the Au cavity,resulting in room-temperature Rabi splitting ranging between 77.86 and 320 me V.These plasmonic metamaterial cavities can pave the way for manipulating excitons in TMDCs and operating active nanophotonic devices at ambient temperature.展开更多
We propose the new field potential by maintaining both the symmetry of the scalar gauge and the conservation law keeping N?ether’s theorem, while disregarding the symmetry of the vector gauge. The new potential forms...We propose the new field potential by maintaining both the symmetry of the scalar gauge and the conservation law keeping N?ether’s theorem, while disregarding the symmetry of the vector gauge. The new potential forms like the well-type potential where a particle behaves almost freely but is very hard to escape without external energy, which can be interpreted as local confinement and asymptotic freedom. By assuming a 2-dimensional metric tensor in 4-dimensional space-time, we suggest the existence of 3 kinds of particles that resemble QCD with 3 color charges. We also show that the mass term exists but comes to zero and derive the charge and spin values. We can regard the particle with this new potential as a gluon, and the interaction in this well-type potential as a strong interaction for the properties of mass, charge, spin, and its behavior. We suggest the eight-fold way with this new particle, which is similar to the existing method based on SU (3) symmetry. Even though the strong interaction has been analyzed in the standard model and string theory, we build a new consistent model based on the theory of relativity including Riemann geometry, and show the unification of gravitational and strong interactional field.展开更多
The generation and propagation mechanism of strong nonlinear waves in the South China Sea is an essential research area. In this study, the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH Ⅲ is employed to simulate wave fields ...The generation and propagation mechanism of strong nonlinear waves in the South China Sea is an essential research area. In this study, the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH Ⅲ is employed to simulate wave fields under extreme sea states. The model, integrating the ST6 source term, is validated against observed data, demonstrating its credibility. The spatial distribution of the occurrence probability of strong nonlinear waves during typhoons is shown, and the waves in the straits and the northeastern part of the South China Sea show strong nonlinear characteristics. The high-order spectral model HOS-ocean is employed to simulate the random wave surface series beneath five different platform areas. The waves during the typhoon exhibit strong nonlinear characteristics, and freak waves exist. The space-varying probability model is established to describe the short-term probability distribution of nonlinear wave series. The exceedance probability distributions of the wave surface beneath different platform areas are compared and analyzed. The results show that with an increase in the platform area, the probability of a strong nonlinear wave beneath the platform increases.展开更多
Ruthenium(Ru)has been regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to substitute Pt for catalyzing alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),owing to its inherent high activity and being the cheapest platinum-gr...Ruthenium(Ru)has been regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to substitute Pt for catalyzing alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),owing to its inherent high activity and being the cheapest platinum-group metal.Herein,based on the idea of strong metal–support interaction(SMSI)regulation,Ru/TiN catalysts with different degrees of TiN overlayer over Ru nanoparticles were fabricated,which were applied to the alkaline electrolytic water.Characterizations reveal that the TiN overlayer would gradually encapsulate the Ru nanoparticles and induce more electron transfer from Ru nanoparticles to TiN support by the Ru–N–Ti bond as the SMSI degree increased.Further study shows that the exposed Ru–TiN interfaces greatly promote the H_(2) desorption capacity.Thus,the Ru/TiN-300 with a moderate SMSI degree exhibits excellent HER performance,with an overpotential of 38 mV at 10 mA cm^(−2).Also,due to the encapsulation role of TiN overlayer on Ru nanoparticles,it displays super long-term stability with a very slight potential change after 24 h.This study provides a deep insight into the influence of the SMSI effect between Ru and TiN on HER and offers a novel approach for preparing efficient and stable HER electrocatalysts through SMSI engineering.展开更多
In this study, based on the simulated discharge results of chemical disinfectants, hypocotyl germination concentration gradient pre-test and concentration gradient determination experiment were set up respectively. La...In this study, based on the simulated discharge results of chemical disinfectants, hypocotyl germination concentration gradient pre-test and concentration gradient determination experiment were set up respectively. Laboratory cultivation was conducted to compare and analyze the root germination and germination indexes, three mangrove hypocotyls of Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. and Bruguiera sexangula var. Rhynchopetalas’ efficiency of cumulative root germination, cumulative germination and the cumulative expansion of the second pair of leaves, one-way analysis of variance was used to obtain the tolerance threshold of three mangrove hypocotyls to strong chlorin disinfectant. The study determined that the by-products of strong chlorin disinfectant, the toxic threshold concentrations of Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. and Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala are close to 0.55 mg/L, 0.55 mg/L and 0.25 mg/L, respectively. This concentration range is lower than the average concentration of 1.183 mg/L of active chlorine emitted from strong chlorine concentrate during pond clearing in high-level shrimp ponds, indicating that transient emissions of strong chlorine concentrate during pond clearing can have a toxic effect on mangrove plants. The strength of tolerance of the embryonic axes of the three mangrove species to effective chlorine contamination was, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. stronger than Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala, and Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce is the weakest.展开更多
Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transiti...Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transition in a Hubbard model by using the dynamical mean-field theory and introduce the local quantum state fidelity to depict the Mott metal–insulator transition. The local quantum state fidelity provides a convenient approach to determining the critical point of the Mott transition. Additionally, it presents a consistent description of the two distinct forms of the Mott transition points.展开更多
The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons,...The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons, & mesons) and their components (quarks), mass difference between nucleus and its individual components (protons and neutrons), massless of gamma photons, abnormal masses of mesons and bosons, and the excess in galaxy masses (dark matter). Also, this proposal shows the exact relation between mass and energy: Strong Potential=−3.04mc2| Electric Potential |=−5.57×10−3mc2Gravitational Potential=−1.22×10−7mc2where m represents the excess in mass due to strong potential, or gravitational potential and represents the decrease in mass due to electromagnetic potential. Released energy here equals potential energy and doesn’t equal decrease in mass using the formula E = mc2. Released energy is transferred to heat, photons, kinetic energy… Finally, proposal will try to describe the relation between photon energy and mass of its components using the general equation of kinetic energy: Photon Energy=1/2mc2m is the sum of the individual masses of its components, while the total mass of photon is zero.展开更多
Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]...Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]-containing carboxyl groups[PAEK-COOH]/UiO-66-NH_(2)@graphene oxide[GO])with superb fouling resistance and high permeability was prepared by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method,by in-situ growth of UiO-66-NH_(2) on the GO layer,and by preparing hydrophilic PAEK-COOH.On the basis of the structure and performance analysis of the MMM,the maximum water flux reached 591.25 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) for PAEK-COOH/UiO-66-NH_(2)@GO,whereas the retention rate for bovine serum albumin increased from 85.40%to 94.87%.As the loading gradually increased,the hydrophilicity of the MMMs increased,significantly enhancing their fouling resistance.The strongest anti-fouling ability observed was 94.74%,which was 2.02 times greater than that of the pure membrane.At the same time,the MMMs contained internal amide and hydrogen bonds during the preparation process,forming a cross-linked structure,which further enhanced the mechanical strength and chemical stability.In summary,the MMMs with high retention rate,strong permeability,and anti-fouling ability were successfully prepared.展开更多
The shuttle effect of polysulfides is a major challenge for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur battery.The systematic modification of separators has the potential to solve these problems by enhancing the adsorpti...The shuttle effect of polysulfides is a major challenge for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur battery.The systematic modification of separators has the potential to solve these problems by enhancing the adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides.Herein,strong internal electric field bismuth oxycarbonate(Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3))nanoflowers decorated conductive carbon(DC+BOC)is proposed to be systematically modified on separator.This intermediate layer not only possesses a strong affinity for polysulfides,but also promotes the conversion of polysulfides and induces the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer,thereby improving the rate performance and cycling stability of the battery.As expected,the modified membrane achieved a high specific capacity of 713 mA h g^(-1) at 5 C.At 1 C,high reversibility of 719 mA h g^(-1) was achieved after 550 cycles with only 0.044%decay per cycle.More importantly,under the sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm^(-2),the area specific capacity remained at4.1 mA h cm^(-2) after 200 cycles,and the attenuation rate per cycle was only 0,056%.This work provides a new strategy to overcome the shuttle effect of polysulfide,and shows great potential in the application of high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.展开更多
In recent years,a number of wireless indoor positioning(WIP),such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,and Ultra-Wideband(UWB)technologies,are emerging.However,the indoor environment is complex and changeable.Walls,pillars,and even ped...In recent years,a number of wireless indoor positioning(WIP),such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,and Ultra-Wideband(UWB)technologies,are emerging.However,the indoor environment is complex and changeable.Walls,pillars,and even pedestrians may block wireless signals and produce non-line-of-sight(NLOS)deviations,resulting in decreased positioning accuracy and the inability to provide people with real-time continuous indoor positioning.This work proposed a strong tracking particle filter based on the chi-square test(SPFC)for indoor positioning.SPFC can fuse indoor wireless signals and the information of the inertial sensing unit(IMU)in the smartphone and detect the NLOS deviation through the chi-square test to avoid the influence of the NLOS deviation on the final positioning result.Simulation experiment results show that the proposed SPFC can reduce the positioning error by 15.1%and 12.3% compared with existing fusion positioning systems in the LOS and NLOS environment.展开更多
Micro-sized silicon anodes have shown much promise in large-scale industrial production of high-energy lithium batteries.However,large volume change(>300%)of silicon anodes causes severe particle pulverization and ...Micro-sized silicon anodes have shown much promise in large-scale industrial production of high-energy lithium batteries.However,large volume change(>300%)of silicon anodes causes severe particle pulverization and the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphases during cycling,leading to rapid capacity decay and short cycle life of lithium-ion batteries.When addressing such issues,binder plays key roles in obtaining good structural integrity of silicon anodes.Herein,we report a biopolymer composite binder composed of rigid poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)and flexible silk fibroin(SF)tailored for micro-sized silicon anodes.The PAA/SF binder shows robust gradient binding energy via chemical interactions between carboxyl and amide groups,which can effectively accommodate large volume change of silicon.This PAA/SF binder also shows much stronger adhesion force and improved binding towards high-surface/defective carbon additives,resulting in better electrochemical stability and higher coulombic efficiency,than conventional PAA binder.As such,micro-sized silicon/carbon anodes fabricated with novel PAA/SF binder exhibit much better cyclability(up to 500 cycles at 0.5 C)and enhanced rate capability compared with conventional PAA-based anodes.This work provides new insights into the design of functional binders for high-capacity electrodes suffering from large volume change for the development of nextgeneration lithium batteries.展开更多
Drilling technologies based on oil-based drillingfluids and strong inhibitory saltwaterfluids are affected by draw-backs such as downhole accidents where sticking and wellbore instabilities occur.Existing polyamine dril...Drilling technologies based on oil-based drillingfluids and strong inhibitory saltwaterfluids are affected by draw-backs such as downhole accidents where sticking and wellbore instabilities occur.Existing polyamine drillingfluids also exhibit problems such as easy decomposition and poor inhibition performances.In order to mitigate these issues,additives can be used,such as polyamine inhibitors and the synthesis of nanometerfiltrate reducers.Tests conducted in the frame of this study with a polyamine drillingfluid and such additives show that thisfluid has the same inhibitory,plugging,lubricating,and wellbore-stability performances as oil-based drillingfluids.However,it has long-term anti-wear performances even better than those of oil-based drillingfluids.The out-comes of a series of comparisons with other sample cases(other wells)are reported and the advantages related to the proposedfluid discussed in detail.展开更多
As an important part of the early Mesozoic granites in the South Qinling tectonic belt(SQTB),the Guangtoushan pluton provides a material basis for research on the composition of magma sources and the effects of perite...As an important part of the early Mesozoic granites in the South Qinling tectonic belt(SQTB),the Guangtoushan pluton provides a material basis for research on the composition of magma sources and the effects of peritectic assemblage entrainment(PAE)on the changes in the granite composition.As shown by the results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating,the Guangtoushan pluton was emplaced during the Late Triassic(214-212 Ma)and was formed in the post-collision stage between the SQTB and the Yangtze plate.The collected samples had high SiO_(2)content and low Cr and Ni contents,indicating that the magmas did not undergo significant crust-mantle mixing during their evolution.The Guangtoushan granitoids were distributed along the trend line of magmatic fractional crystallization in the F-An-Or diagram.This result,combined with the relatively homogeneous Sr-Nd isotopic composition,implies that the Guangtoushan pluton underwent slight assimilation and contamination.As can be inferred from the comparison between the compositions of the Guangtoushan granitoids and various fluid-absent experimental melts,the magma sources of the Guangtoushan granitoids contain a variety of materials,such as graywackes,pyroclastic graywackes,and pelites and are not derived from lower crustal mafic rocks.The correlation between the maficity and the major and trace elements further indicates that the strongly peraluminous granitoids from the Guangtoushan pluton was formed by the partial melting of biotite-bearing crustal rocks and its magmatic evolution was accompanied by the entrainment of clinopyroxenes and accessory minerals.展开更多
The foreign trade industry in China had a good start in general this year,thanks to the rapid growth in cross-border e-commerce.The 2022 China Cross Border E-Commerce Market Data Report was released at the cross-borde...The foreign trade industry in China had a good start in general this year,thanks to the rapid growth in cross-border e-commerce.The 2022 China Cross Border E-Commerce Market Data Report was released at the cross-border e-commerce roundtable meeting held on March 30th this year,indicating that cross-border e-commerce made a contribution of 37.32%to China’s total import and export trade value in goods(RMB 42.07 trillion)in 2022.展开更多
文摘Due to the technical fault,a wrong version of the paper was uploaded.The content of the article was not affected,but the layout of the article was affected.The original article has been corrected.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12065014,12047501,12247101,and 12335001)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA266)+5 种基金the West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.21JR7RA201)supported by the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.11825503)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0406400)the 111 Project(Grant No.B20063)the fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Project for Top-Notch Innovative Talents of Gansu province。
文摘We investigate the nature of the strong coupling constant and related physics.Through the analysis of accumulated experimental data around the world,we employ the ability of machine learning to unravel its physical laws.The result of our efforts is a formula that captures the expansive panorama of the distribution of the strong coupling constant across the entire energy range.
文摘In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21576291,22003076)National Natural Science Foundation of China-Outstanding Youth foundation(22322814)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(23CX03007A,22CX06012A)are gratefully acknowledge。
文摘Tuning Strong Metal-support Interactions(SMSI)is a key strategy to obtain highly active catalysts,but conventional methods usually enable TiO_(x) encapsulation of noble metal components to minimize the exposure of noble metals.This study demonstrates a catalyst preparation method to modulate a weak encapsulation of Pt metal nanoparticles(NPs)with the supported TiO_(2),achieving the moderate suppression of SMSI effects.The introduction of silica inhibits this encapsulation,as reflected in the characterization results such as XPS and HRTEM,while the Ti^(4+) to Ti^(3+) conversion due to SMSI can still be found on the support surface.Furthermore,the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde(CAL)as a probe reaction revealed that once this encapsulation behavior was suppressed,the adsorption capacity of the catalyst for small molecules like H_(2) and CO was enhanced,which thereby improved the catalytic activity and facilitated the hydrogenation of CAL.Meanwhile,the introduction of SiO_(2) also changed the surface structure of the catalyst,which inhibited the occurrence of the acetal reaction and improved the conversion efficiency of C=O and C=C hydrogenation.Systematic manipulation of SMSI formation and its consequence on the performance in catalytic hydrogenation reactions are discussed.
基金Project supported by the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development(Grant No.2019YFA0307700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174148,11874179,12074144,and 12074146)。
文摘Rydberg state excitation(RSE) is a highly non-linear physical phenomenon that is induced by the ionization of atoms or molecules in strong femtosecond laser fields. Here we observe that both parent and fragments(S, C, OC) of the triatomic molecule carbonyl sulfide(OCS) can survive strong 800 nm or 400 nm laser fields in high Rydberg states. The dependence of parent and fragment RSE yields on laser intensity and ellipticity is investigated in both laser fields, and the results are compared with those for strong-field ionization. Distinctly different tendencies for laser intensity and ellipticity are observed for fragment RSE compared with the corresponding ions. The mechanisms of RSE and strong-field ionization of OCS molecules in different laser fields are discussed based on the experimental results. Our study sheds some light on the strong-field excitation and ionization of molecules irradiated by femtosecond NIR and UV laser fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12001033)。
文摘We study the global existence and uniqueness of a strong solution to the kinetic thermomechanical Cucker-Smale(for short,TCS) model coupled with Stokes equations in the whole space.The coupled system consists of the kinetic TCS equation for a particle ensemble and the Stokes equations for a fluid via a drag force.In this paper,we present a complete analysis of the existence of global-in-time strong solutions to the coupled model without any smallness restrictions on the initial data.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council (DP200101353)。
文摘Strong coupling between resonantly matched surface plasmons of metals and excitons of quantum emitters results in the formation of new plasmon-exciton hybridized energy states.In plasmon-exciton strong coupling,plasmonic nanocavities play a significant role due to their ability to confine light in an ultrasmall volume.Additionally,two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) have a significant exciton binding energy and remain stable at ambient conditions,making them an excellent alternative for investigating light-matter interactions.As a result,strong plasmon-exciton coupling has been reported by introducing a single metallic cavity.However,single nanoparticles have lower spatial confinement of electromagnetic fields and limited tunability to match the excitonic resonance.Here,we introduce the concept of catenary-shaped optical fields induced by plasmonic metamaterial cavities to scale the strength of plasmon-exciton coupling.The demonstrated plasmon modes of metallic metamaterial cavities offer high confinement and tunability and can match with the excitons of TMDCs to exhibit a strong coupling regime by tuning either the size of the cavity gap or thickness.The calculated Rabi splitting of Au-MoSe_2 and Au-WSe_2 heterostructures strongly depends on the catenary-like field enhancement induced by the Au cavity,resulting in room-temperature Rabi splitting ranging between 77.86 and 320 me V.These plasmonic metamaterial cavities can pave the way for manipulating excitons in TMDCs and operating active nanophotonic devices at ambient temperature.
文摘We propose the new field potential by maintaining both the symmetry of the scalar gauge and the conservation law keeping N?ether’s theorem, while disregarding the symmetry of the vector gauge. The new potential forms like the well-type potential where a particle behaves almost freely but is very hard to escape without external energy, which can be interpreted as local confinement and asymptotic freedom. By assuming a 2-dimensional metric tensor in 4-dimensional space-time, we suggest the existence of 3 kinds of particles that resemble QCD with 3 color charges. We also show that the mass term exists but comes to zero and derive the charge and spin values. We can regard the particle with this new potential as a gluon, and the interaction in this well-type potential as a strong interaction for the properties of mass, charge, spin, and its behavior. We suggest the eight-fold way with this new particle, which is similar to the existing method based on SU (3) symmetry. Even though the strong interaction has been analyzed in the standard model and string theory, we build a new consistent model based on the theory of relativity including Riemann geometry, and show the unification of gravitational and strong interactional field.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3104205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42377457).
文摘The generation and propagation mechanism of strong nonlinear waves in the South China Sea is an essential research area. In this study, the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH Ⅲ is employed to simulate wave fields under extreme sea states. The model, integrating the ST6 source term, is validated against observed data, demonstrating its credibility. The spatial distribution of the occurrence probability of strong nonlinear waves during typhoons is shown, and the waves in the straits and the northeastern part of the South China Sea show strong nonlinear characteristics. The high-order spectral model HOS-ocean is employed to simulate the random wave surface series beneath five different platform areas. The waves during the typhoon exhibit strong nonlinear characteristics, and freak waves exist. The space-varying probability model is established to describe the short-term probability distribution of nonlinear wave series. The exceedance probability distributions of the wave surface beneath different platform areas are compared and analyzed. The results show that with an increase in the platform area, the probability of a strong nonlinear wave beneath the platform increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22075159,22002066)Shandong Taishan Scholars Project(Grant Nos.ts20190932,tsqn202103058)+1 种基金Open Fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials(Grant No.202203404)Postdoctoral Applied Research Project in Qingdao,and the Youth Innovation Team Project of Shandong Provincial Education Department(Grant No.2019KJC023).
文摘Ruthenium(Ru)has been regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to substitute Pt for catalyzing alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),owing to its inherent high activity and being the cheapest platinum-group metal.Herein,based on the idea of strong metal–support interaction(SMSI)regulation,Ru/TiN catalysts with different degrees of TiN overlayer over Ru nanoparticles were fabricated,which were applied to the alkaline electrolytic water.Characterizations reveal that the TiN overlayer would gradually encapsulate the Ru nanoparticles and induce more electron transfer from Ru nanoparticles to TiN support by the Ru–N–Ti bond as the SMSI degree increased.Further study shows that the exposed Ru–TiN interfaces greatly promote the H_(2) desorption capacity.Thus,the Ru/TiN-300 with a moderate SMSI degree exhibits excellent HER performance,with an overpotential of 38 mV at 10 mA cm^(−2).Also,due to the encapsulation role of TiN overlayer on Ru nanoparticles,it displays super long-term stability with a very slight potential change after 24 h.This study provides a deep insight into the influence of the SMSI effect between Ru and TiN on HER and offers a novel approach for preparing efficient and stable HER electrocatalysts through SMSI engineering.
文摘In this study, based on the simulated discharge results of chemical disinfectants, hypocotyl germination concentration gradient pre-test and concentration gradient determination experiment were set up respectively. Laboratory cultivation was conducted to compare and analyze the root germination and germination indexes, three mangrove hypocotyls of Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. and Bruguiera sexangula var. Rhynchopetalas’ efficiency of cumulative root germination, cumulative germination and the cumulative expansion of the second pair of leaves, one-way analysis of variance was used to obtain the tolerance threshold of three mangrove hypocotyls to strong chlorin disinfectant. The study determined that the by-products of strong chlorin disinfectant, the toxic threshold concentrations of Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. and Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala are close to 0.55 mg/L, 0.55 mg/L and 0.25 mg/L, respectively. This concentration range is lower than the average concentration of 1.183 mg/L of active chlorine emitted from strong chlorine concentrate during pond clearing in high-level shrimp ponds, indicating that transient emissions of strong chlorine concentrate during pond clearing can have a toxic effect on mangrove plants. The strength of tolerance of the embryonic axes of the three mangrove species to effective chlorine contamination was, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. stronger than Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala, and Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce is the weakest.
基金Project supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for Youth Academic Talent of Inner Mongolia University (Grant No.1000023112101/010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No.JN200208)+2 种基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11474023)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2021YFA1401803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11974051 and 11734002)。
文摘Mottness is at the heart of the essential physics in a strongly correlated system as many novel quantum phenomena occur in the metallic phase near the Mott metal–insulator transition. We investigate the Mott transition in a Hubbard model by using the dynamical mean-field theory and introduce the local quantum state fidelity to depict the Mott metal–insulator transition. The local quantum state fidelity provides a convenient approach to determining the critical point of the Mott transition. Additionally, it presents a consistent description of the two distinct forms of the Mott transition points.
文摘The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons, & mesons) and their components (quarks), mass difference between nucleus and its individual components (protons and neutrons), massless of gamma photons, abnormal masses of mesons and bosons, and the excess in galaxy masses (dark matter). Also, this proposal shows the exact relation between mass and energy: Strong Potential=−3.04mc2| Electric Potential |=−5.57×10−3mc2Gravitational Potential=−1.22×10−7mc2where m represents the excess in mass due to strong potential, or gravitational potential and represents the decrease in mass due to electromagnetic potential. Released energy here equals potential energy and doesn’t equal decrease in mass using the formula E = mc2. Released energy is transferred to heat, photons, kinetic energy… Finally, proposal will try to describe the relation between photon energy and mass of its components using the general equation of kinetic energy: Photon Energy=1/2mc2m is the sum of the individual masses of its components, while the total mass of photon is zero.
基金support of this work by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075031,51673030,51603017 and 51803011)Jilin Provincial Science&Technology Department(20220201105GX)Chang Bai Mountain Scholars Program of Jilin Province.
文摘Achieving high fouling resistance and permeability using membrane separation technology in water treatment processes remains a challenge.In this work,a novel mixed-matrix membrane(MMM)(poly(arylene ether ketone)[PAEK]-containing carboxyl groups[PAEK-COOH]/UiO-66-NH_(2)@graphene oxide[GO])with superb fouling resistance and high permeability was prepared by the nonsolvent-induced phase separation method,by in-situ growth of UiO-66-NH_(2) on the GO layer,and by preparing hydrophilic PAEK-COOH.On the basis of the structure and performance analysis of the MMM,the maximum water flux reached 591.25 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) for PAEK-COOH/UiO-66-NH_(2)@GO,whereas the retention rate for bovine serum albumin increased from 85.40%to 94.87%.As the loading gradually increased,the hydrophilicity of the MMMs increased,significantly enhancing their fouling resistance.The strongest anti-fouling ability observed was 94.74%,which was 2.02 times greater than that of the pure membrane.At the same time,the MMMs contained internal amide and hydrogen bonds during the preparation process,forming a cross-linked structure,which further enhanced the mechanical strength and chemical stability.In summary,the MMMs with high retention rate,strong permeability,and anti-fouling ability were successfully prepared.
基金financially sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872208 and 52072273)the Zhejiang Provincial Special Support Program for High-level Talents(2019R52042)。
文摘The shuttle effect of polysulfides is a major challenge for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur battery.The systematic modification of separators has the potential to solve these problems by enhancing the adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides.Herein,strong internal electric field bismuth oxycarbonate(Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3))nanoflowers decorated conductive carbon(DC+BOC)is proposed to be systematically modified on separator.This intermediate layer not only possesses a strong affinity for polysulfides,but also promotes the conversion of polysulfides and induces the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer,thereby improving the rate performance and cycling stability of the battery.As expected,the modified membrane achieved a high specific capacity of 713 mA h g^(-1) at 5 C.At 1 C,high reversibility of 719 mA h g^(-1) was achieved after 550 cycles with only 0.044%decay per cycle.More importantly,under the sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm^(-2),the area specific capacity remained at4.1 mA h cm^(-2) after 200 cycles,and the attenuation rate per cycle was only 0,056%.This work provides a new strategy to overcome the shuttle effect of polysulfide,and shows great potential in the application of high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.
基金funded by the project“Design of System Integration Construction Scheme Based on Functions of Each Module” (No.XDHT2020169A)the project“Development of Indoor Inspection Robot System for Substation” (No.XDHT2019501A).
文摘In recent years,a number of wireless indoor positioning(WIP),such as Bluetooth,Wi-Fi,and Ultra-Wideband(UWB)technologies,are emerging.However,the indoor environment is complex and changeable.Walls,pillars,and even pedestrians may block wireless signals and produce non-line-of-sight(NLOS)deviations,resulting in decreased positioning accuracy and the inability to provide people with real-time continuous indoor positioning.This work proposed a strong tracking particle filter based on the chi-square test(SPFC)for indoor positioning.SPFC can fuse indoor wireless signals and the information of the inertial sensing unit(IMU)in the smartphone and detect the NLOS deviation through the chi-square test to avoid the influence of the NLOS deviation on the final positioning result.Simulation experiment results show that the proposed SPFC can reduce the positioning error by 15.1%and 12.3% compared with existing fusion positioning systems in the LOS and NLOS environment.
文摘Micro-sized silicon anodes have shown much promise in large-scale industrial production of high-energy lithium batteries.However,large volume change(>300%)of silicon anodes causes severe particle pulverization and the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphases during cycling,leading to rapid capacity decay and short cycle life of lithium-ion batteries.When addressing such issues,binder plays key roles in obtaining good structural integrity of silicon anodes.Herein,we report a biopolymer composite binder composed of rigid poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)and flexible silk fibroin(SF)tailored for micro-sized silicon anodes.The PAA/SF binder shows robust gradient binding energy via chemical interactions between carboxyl and amide groups,which can effectively accommodate large volume change of silicon.This PAA/SF binder also shows much stronger adhesion force and improved binding towards high-surface/defective carbon additives,resulting in better electrochemical stability and higher coulombic efficiency,than conventional PAA binder.As such,micro-sized silicon/carbon anodes fabricated with novel PAA/SF binder exhibit much better cyclability(up to 500 cycles at 0.5 C)and enhanced rate capability compared with conventional PAA-based anodes.This work provides new insights into the design of functional binders for high-capacity electrodes suffering from large volume change for the development of nextgeneration lithium batteries.
文摘Drilling technologies based on oil-based drillingfluids and strong inhibitory saltwaterfluids are affected by draw-backs such as downhole accidents where sticking and wellbore instabilities occur.Existing polyamine drillingfluids also exhibit problems such as easy decomposition and poor inhibition performances.In order to mitigate these issues,additives can be used,such as polyamine inhibitors and the synthesis of nanometerfiltrate reducers.Tests conducted in the frame of this study with a polyamine drillingfluid and such additives show that thisfluid has the same inhibitory,plugging,lubricating,and wellbore-stability performances as oil-based drillingfluids.However,it has long-term anti-wear performances even better than those of oil-based drillingfluids.The out-comes of a series of comparisons with other sample cases(other wells)are reported and the advantages related to the proposedfluid discussed in detail.
基金funded by the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant No.41730426)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41872066,41702069 and 41602040)the Research Fund of Hebei Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources(454-0601-YBN-DXXP)。
文摘As an important part of the early Mesozoic granites in the South Qinling tectonic belt(SQTB),the Guangtoushan pluton provides a material basis for research on the composition of magma sources and the effects of peritectic assemblage entrainment(PAE)on the changes in the granite composition.As shown by the results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating,the Guangtoushan pluton was emplaced during the Late Triassic(214-212 Ma)and was formed in the post-collision stage between the SQTB and the Yangtze plate.The collected samples had high SiO_(2)content and low Cr and Ni contents,indicating that the magmas did not undergo significant crust-mantle mixing during their evolution.The Guangtoushan granitoids were distributed along the trend line of magmatic fractional crystallization in the F-An-Or diagram.This result,combined with the relatively homogeneous Sr-Nd isotopic composition,implies that the Guangtoushan pluton underwent slight assimilation and contamination.As can be inferred from the comparison between the compositions of the Guangtoushan granitoids and various fluid-absent experimental melts,the magma sources of the Guangtoushan granitoids contain a variety of materials,such as graywackes,pyroclastic graywackes,and pelites and are not derived from lower crustal mafic rocks.The correlation between the maficity and the major and trace elements further indicates that the strongly peraluminous granitoids from the Guangtoushan pluton was formed by the partial melting of biotite-bearing crustal rocks and its magmatic evolution was accompanied by the entrainment of clinopyroxenes and accessory minerals.
文摘The foreign trade industry in China had a good start in general this year,thanks to the rapid growth in cross-border e-commerce.The 2022 China Cross Border E-Commerce Market Data Report was released at the cross-border e-commerce roundtable meeting held on March 30th this year,indicating that cross-border e-commerce made a contribution of 37.32%to China’s total import and export trade value in goods(RMB 42.07 trillion)in 2022.