Factors influencing the quality of rural human settlements in a peripheral metropolitan area based on a structural equation model:A case study from Beijing

Rural human settlement is a significant indicator of the living standards of rural residents,and its improvement can contribute to promoting the positive interaction between inhabited environment and the social,economic,and resource environment in the countryside.Based on 557 valid questionnaires of satisfaction evaluation of human settlement in the peripheral metropolitan area of Beijing,this paper analyzed the elemental characteristics and factors influencing human settlement quality using multivariate statistical analysis and a structural equation model.The result shows that,first,the rural residents in a peripheral metropolitan area of Beijing are generally satisfied with the quality of human settlement(satisfaction rate is 66.2%).Specifically,the natural and social environment of the countryside is excellent and harmonious and corresponding standard of countryside infrastructure is advanced,but the quality of public services and follow-up management of facilities are in urgent need of improvement and the imbalance between revenue and expenditure of rural households has led to a continuous increase in the pressures of life.Second,factors such as social atmosphere,appearance of the village,entertainment,living costs,fundamental public services,and production costs have significant effects on human settlement quality in this peripheral metropolitan area,with social atmosphere as the main one.Living costs and supporting services are the main constraints to improvement in the quality of human settlement.

Structural characterization of calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate

Metal glycinate chelates are formed by glycine and metal compounds through chemical reactions.Calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate are kinds of new-type and ideal nutrient supplements,which have satisfactory physico-chemical properties and bioactivities.They are important for prophylaxis and treat metal deficiency.The structural characterization shows that the metal ion is bonded to the amino and carboxyl group to form two five-membered rings.This paper mainly studies the structure characterization of the metal chelated glycinates by their solubility,infrared spectrum,thermal analysis,mass spectrometry,polycrystal difrac-tion,the metal contents and glycine contents of calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate.

Regional Developmental Problems of the Rural Settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The paper considers developmental problems of the rural settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are results of long-term disparity in the regional development in the period 1991-2012. In this paper it is considered the recent migration from rural to urban areas and the depopulation of the rural areas. The result of these trends reflects the development of the new infrastructure and tertiary activities. In these investigations, statistical data processed and geovisualised in GIS were used. The obtained data indicate extremely unequable regional arrangement of the population in the rural areas and socio-economic development.

Structural recognition of ancient Chinese ideographic characters

Ancient Chinese characters, typically the ideographic characters on bones and bronze before Shang Dynasty(16th—11th century B.C.), are valuable culture legacy of history. However the recognition of Ancient Chinese characters has been the task of paleography experts for long. With the help of modern computer technique, everyone can expect to be able to recognize the characters and understand the ancient inscriptions. This research is aimed to help people recognize and understand those ancient Chinese characters by combining Chinese paleography theory and computer information processing technology. Based on the analysis of ancient character features, a method for structural character recognition is proposed. The important characteristics of strokes and basic components or radicals used in recognition are introduced in detail. A system was implemented based on above method to show the effectiveness of the method.

Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and driving factors of ethnicminority villages in China using geospatial technology and statistical models

This study aims to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of 1,652 Ethnic-Minority Villages(EMV)in China and to analyze the mechanisms driving their spatial heterogeneity.EMV are a special type of settlement space that preserve a large number of historical traces of the ethnic culture of ancient China.They are important carriers of China’s excellent traditional culture and are key to the implementation of rural revitalization strategies.In this study,1652 EMV in China were selected as the research subjects.The Nearest Neighbor Index,kernel density,and spatial autocorrelation index were employed to reveal the spatial structural characteristics of minority villages.Neural network models,spatial lag models,and geographical detectors were used to analyze the formation mechanism of spatial heterogeneity in EMV.The results indicate that:(1)EMV exhibit significant spatial differentiation characterized by“single-core with multiple surrounding sub-centers,”“polarization between east and west,”“decreasing quantity from southwest to east coast to northeast to northwest,”and“large dispersion with small agglomeration.”(2)EMV are mainly distributed in areas rich in intangible cultural heritage,with high vegetation coverage and low altitude,far from central cities,and having limited arable land and an underdeveloped economy and transportation,particularly in shaded or riverbank areas.(3)Distance from the nearest river(X3),distance from central cities(X8),national intangible cultural heritage(X9),and NDVI(X10)were the main driving factors affecting the spatial distribution of EMV,whereas elevation(X1)and GDP(X5)had the weakest influence.As EMV are a relatively unique territorial spatial unit,the identification of their spatial heterogeneity characteristics not only deepens the research content of settlement geography,but also involves the assessment,protection,and development of Minority Villages,which is of great significance for the inheritance and utilization of excellent ethnic cultures in the era.

路面结构层对高速公路加宽路基沉降的影响研究

为了预防和控制高速公路加宽工程路基出现差异沉降,保障工程质量,利用有限元法,系统分析了路面面层模量与厚度、基层模量与厚度、土基模量等对高速公路加宽路基沉降变形的影响规律。结果表明:路面结构层参数对于高速公路加宽路基的受力与变形特性具有显著的影响,高速公路加宽路基的沉降量随着路面结构层厚度和刚度的增大而显著减小,提升路面结构层的厚度和刚度可以有效预防高速公路加宽工程出现差异沉降。

STUDY FOR THE BIFURCATION TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND THE GLOBAL COMPLICATED CHARACTER OF A KIND OF NONLINEAR FINANCE SYSTEM(Ⅰ)

Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country's macro_financial system: balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf_bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf_bifurcation, and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro_economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior have been analyzed. This study will deepen people's understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.

Denoising of Chinese calligraphy tablet images based on run-length statistics and structure characteristic of character strokes

In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for denoising of Chinese calligraphy tablet documents. The method includes two phases: First, a partial differential equations (PDE) based the total variation model and Otsu thresholding method are used to preprocess the calligraphy document image. Second, a new method based on run-length statistics and structure charac- teristics of Chinese characters is proposed to remove some random and ant-like noises. This includes the optimal threshold se- lection from histogram of run-length probability density, and improved Hough transform algorithm for line shape noise detection and removal. Examples are given in the paper to demonstrate the proposed method.

STUDY FOR THE BIFURCATION TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND THE GLOBAL COMPLICATED CHARACTER OF A KIND OF NONLINEAR FINANCE SYSTEM(Ⅱ)

Based on the work discussed on the former study, this article first starts from the mathematical model of a kind of complicated financial system, and analyses all possible things that the model shows in the operation of our country's macro_financial system: balance, stable periodic, fractal, Hopf_bifurcation, the relationship between parameters and Hopf_bifurcation, and chaotic motion etc. By the changes of parameters of all economic meanings, the conditions on which the complicated behaviors occur in such a financial system, and the influence of the adjustment of the macro_economic policies and adjustment of some parameter on the whole financial system behavior have been analyzed. This study will deepen people's understanding of the lever function of all kinds of financial policies.

ATR-FTIR study of Bacillus sp. and Escherichia coli settlements on the bare and Al_2O_3 coated ZnSe internal reflection element

Marine microorganism accumulated on the surface of ships or pipelines would accelerate fouling organisms, such as mussels and barnacles, adhered on the surface. It was significant to understand the bio-interaction between the microorganisms and the surface. Attenuated total reflection(ATR) Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy was used to study the initial stages of marine microorganism adhering to surfaces, because it could probe the microorganism interaction to the surface regardless of the water interference. Bacillus sp. and Escherichia coli were selected to study the initial attachment on different surfaces, because they were typical fouling microorganisms and showed opposite Gram stain results. The assays were conducted respectively in dried and settled bacteria on two different surfaces(ZnSe, Al2 O3 coated on ZnSe). IR spectra of settled bacteria showed amide I band red shift and amide II band blue shift in aqueous environment on both surfaces compared with the dry bacteria. The reasons of amide bands shift were investigated and it was discovered that the hydrogen bond between the water and the protein of the bacteria led to the protein secondary structure change. ATR-FTIR provided an approach to study the attachment process and showed dynamic changing process on the surface, and it could be an appropriate approach to study the interaction between proteins and chemicals.

Study on Quantitative Character for Anatomy in Tomato Seedling Stem

The results of quantitative characters for anatomy in stems of three varieties tomatoes seedlings showed that the cell population between vascular bundle and epidermis, the cellular layers among vascular bundles and the cell population in an unit area （mm^2） of no vascular bundle areas were similar and there had small difference among three varieties. On the foundation of these studies, the developmental mechanism of tomato seedling stem was discussed.

TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE SINGULAR POINTS OF THE THIRD ORDER PHASE LOCKED LOOP EQUATIONS WITH THE CHARACTER OF DETECTED PHASE BEING g(φ)=(1+k)sinφ/(1+kcosφ)

In this paper, we study the topological structure of the singular points of the third order phase locked loop equations with the character of detected phase being g(?) =(1+k)sin?/1+kcos?.

Multi-scale Graph-matching Based Kernel for Character Recognition from Natural Scenes

认出从自然景色图象提取的字符由于 intraclass 变化的高度是相当挑战性的。在这份报纸，我们为景色特性识别建议一个多尺度的匹配图的基于的核。以便捕获人物的内在地特殊的结构，每幅图象被与多尺度的图象格子联系的几张图代表。当也越过邻近的节点保存空间一致性时，二幅图象的类似被匹配二张图(图象) 因此定义为最佳精力，它在图为每个节点发现最好的火柴。计算类似是合适的为支持向量机器(SVM ) 构造一个核。与多尺度的格子匹配图获得的多重核被联合以便最后的核是更柔韧的。挑战性的 Chars74k 和 ICDAR03-CH 数据集上的试验性的结果证明建议方法比现状方法更好表现。

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND BOND CHARACTER OF COMPLEXES OF RARE EARTH CHLORIDES WITH CROWN ETHERS

A series of lanthanide complexes LnCl_3·L(Ln=La,Pr,Nd;L=15-C-5 or 18-C-6)have been synthesized and their molecular configuration,electronic structure and bond character have been studied by XPS and quantum chemical calculation.The calculated results are in good agreement with that obtained in the experiments.Three Cl atoms are on the same side of Ln in LnCl_3·15-C-5 and the crown ring on the other side.forming a complex molecule with coordination number 8.LnCl_3·15-C-5 is easily hygroscopic in air because of its unsaturated coordination,which differs sharply from the stable Ln(NO_3)_3·15-C-5 com- plex of coordination number 11.The HOMO and neighboring occupied MOs are composed of Cl 3p and O2p, and the LUMO and neighboring unoccupied MOs are composed of Ln orbitals.The level structure easily pro- duces Ln3d satellite in XPS caused by L→Ln charge transfer transition.Due to the coordination,the absolute values of the charge are decreased at Ln and O atoms,but increased at Cl atoms,which is in agreement with XPS results.

Structural Behavior of Tall Building Raft Foundations in Earthquake Zones

The paper studies the behavior of reinforced concrete raft foundations for multi-story buildings. It also develops a reliability assessment tool for multi- story building raft foundations subjected to earthquake loading. Several multi-story buildings with various configurations, heights, and soil profiles, were subjected to several ACI code combinations of gravity and earthquake loads from different seismic zones. The reliability of the raft foundations of these buildings was assessed using the reliability index approach based on their resistance to the applied loads. Also, the responses of the multi-story buildings under these loading combinations were studied and analyzed in order to draw recommendations and guidelines for the preliminary design of structurally efficient and reliable raft foundations in earthquake zones.

Effects on dynamic characters of antenna structures in satellite induced by disordered parameters

A simplified dynamic model of a dish antenna in satellite is established in this article.The modelcan be easily used to analyze the dynamic behaviour of the antenna structure.In terms of the simplifiedmodel,effects on dynamic characters due to the disorder of parameters are investigated in details.Thefrequencies calculated by the simplified model accord with those computed by ANSYS.Based on the modeshapes of disordered and perfect structure,the influence law and varying trend of dynamic characters ofantenna structures in satellites produced by stiffness and mass of antenna ribs,stiffness of antenna mem-branes and angles between adjacent ribs,are obtained.The analyses in the paper indicate that the effectsby disordered parameters can not be ignored in the dynamic analysis of such structures.

The Effect of Spatial Structure Character of Heat Source on the Ray Path and the Evolution of Wave Energy of Meridional Wave Train

This paper studies correlations between the spatial structure character of thermal forcing and deformation and the amplitude of rays of meridional wave train. It is shown that if thermal forcing appears a meridional linear variation the rays of quasi-stationary planetary wave may propagate along oblique lines and if the meridional variability of heat source has second order term the rays show distinct deformation as a great circular route. Additionally, the inhomogeneous distribution may cause lower frequency oscillations in mid- and low-latitudes. The combination of zonal and meridional wave numbers and distributive character of heat source may form an inverse mechanism of variational trend of generized wave energy, reflecting in some degree the physical process of transition between meridional and zonal flow patterns.

Use of Four-character Structures in Literary E-C Translation

This paper,beginning with the two types of four-character structures,illustrates the advantages of four-character structures.The key point lies in the usage of four-character structures in literary E-C translation and examples are employed to explain the point.At last,this paper puts out the points for attention in using four-character structures in literary E-C translation.

On the Character Trait of Stephen Dedalus in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the first novel of stream of consciousness in western literature history, it mainly shows the protagonist, Stephen Dedalus' s journeys from childhood to adulthood. This paper aims at a better understanding of Stephen Dedalus, and it analyzes his character traits in literature analysis method, textual analysis method and Freud's theory of personality structure and is useful for further study.

A Comparative Study of the Chinese Characters in the Graded List and the EBCL List

This study scrutinises the Chinese characters in two reference works compiled as part of two projects:the Graded list and the EBCL list.Situated in the character-based theory,the characters compiled in both are examined in depth from the perspectives of character complexity,character structure,semantic and phonetic radical transparency,frequency of character,and frequency of word formation.The results show that the two lists share similarities in terms of distribution of characters of different structures,level of semantic radical transparency,and frequencies of character and word formation.The character complexity of the Graded list is higher than that of the EBCL,while the level of phonetic radical transparency of the Graded list is lower than that of the EBCL list.With the Graded list,the high demands of character learning need to be borne in mind;this is due to the visual load of character complexity and the pronunciation information provided in phonetic radicals.Against a backdrop of increasing demand for CFL pedagogical materials,the differences and similarities between the two lists analysed and discussed in this study contribute to their pedagogical applications in teaching and learning Chinese characters.