In-phase and out-of-phase spin pumping effects in Py/Ru/Pysynthetic antiferromagnetic structures

The spin pumping effect in magnetic heterostructures and multilayers is a highly effective method for the generationand transmission of spin currents. In the increasingly prominent synthetic antiferromagnetic structures, the two ferromagneticlayers demonstrate in-phase and out-of-phase states, corresponding to acoustic and optical precession modes. Withinthis context, our study explores the spin pumping effect in Py/Ru/Py synthetic antiferromagnetic structures across differentmodes. The heightened magnetic damping resulting from the spin pumping effect in the in-phase state initially decreaseswith increasing Py thickness before stabilizing. Conversely, in the out-of-phase state, the amplified damping exceeds thatof the in-phase state, suggesting a greater spin relaxation within this configuration, which demonstrates sensitivity to alterationsin static exchange interactions. These findings contribute to advancing the application of synthetic antiferromagneticstructures in magnonic devices.

The occurrence,inheritance,and segregation of complex genomic structural variation in synthetic Brassica napus

"Synthetic"allopolyploids recreated by interspecific hybridization play an important role in providing novel genomic variation for crop improvement.Such synthetic allopolyploids often undergo rapid genomic structural variation(SV).However,how such SV arises,is inherited and fixed,and how it affects important traits,has rarely been comprehensively and quantitively studied in advanced generation synthetic lines.A better understanding of these processes will aid breeders in knowing how to best utilize synthetic allopolyploids in breeding programs.Here,we analyzed three genetic mapping populations(735 DH lines)derived from crosses between advanced synthetic and conventional Brassica napus(rapeseed)lines,using whole-genome sequencing to determine genome composition.We observed high tolerance of large structural variants,particularly toward the telomeres,and preferential selection for balanced homoeologous exchanges(duplication/deletion events between the A and C genomes resulting in retention of gene/chromosome dosage between homoeologous chromosome pairs),including stable events involving whole chromosomes("pseudoeuploidy").Given the experimental design(all three populations shared a common parent),we were able to observe that parental SV was regularly inherited,showed genetic hitchhiking effects on segregation,and was one of the major factors inducing adjacent novel and larger SV.Surprisingly,novel SV occurred at low frequencies with no significant impacts on observed fertility and yield-related traits in the advanced generation synthetic lines.However,incorporating genome-wide SV in linkage mapping explained significantly more genetic variance for traits.Our results provide a framework for detecting and understanding the occurrence and inheritance of genomic SV in breeding programs,and support the use of synthetic parents as an important source of novel trait variation.

Synthetic Human Embryo-Like Structure: A New Paradigm for Human Embryology

Early human embryonic development remains mysterious due to drastic species divergences between humans and othermammalian models and limited accessibility to human embryo samples. Recent studies from my laboratory and others haveshown that under suitable culture conditions human pluripotent stem cells ( hPSCs) can undergo intricate morphogenetic eventsand self-organize to form patterned human embryo-like structures in vitro. These synthetic human embryonic tissueshold great promises for advancing human embryology and reproductive medicine. In this talk,I will describe a hPSC-based,synthetic 3D model of human post-implantation development that recapitulates key developmental landmarks successively,including pro-amniotic cavity formation,amniotic ectoderm-epiblast patterning,primordial germ cell specification,and developmentof the primitive streak with controlled anteroposterior polarity ( Fig.1) . We further show that the amniotic ectoderm,as the first lineage that segregates from the epiblast upon implantation of the human embryo,functions as a signaling centerto trigger primitive streak development in the epiblast. Together,our research has developed a powerful synthetic embryologicalmodel and provided new understandings of previously inaccessible but critical embryogenic events in human development.

A New Synthetic Route to Di-η~5-Cyclopentadienyl Ytterbium(Ⅱ)Tetrafuranate (η~5-C_5H_5)_2Yb(THF)_2 and Its Crystal Structure

In recent years,the organometallic ehemistry of the lanthanide metals in low oxidation states has beenactively investigated.The synthesis of the low一valent lanthanide eomPlexes has the signifieant meanings ontheory and praeti

A NOVEL SYNTHETIC METHOD AND STRUCTURE OF TETRAKIS(BENZOATE)BIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE OXIDE)DICOPPER(II).OXIDATIVE ADDITION OF DIBENZOYL ON METALLIC COPPER

Dibenzoyl peroxide undergoes oxidative addition on metallic copper with triphenylphosphine in a mixed solvent(acetone,dichloromethane and trichloromethane),and affords the binuclear copper complex (Cu(C_6H_5COO)_2(OPPh_3))_2.Crystals are monoclinic,space group A_2/a,with cell parameters,a=24.337(3),b=10.566(1),c=21.579(2),β= 93.18(1)°, V=5540(1)~3,Z=4,R=0.042,and Rw=0.044 for 5872 observed reflections. Each copper ion is coordinated by four bridging benzoato ligands and one triphenylphosphine oxide group to form binuclear complexes.

Small-area estimation of forest stand structure in Jalisco, Mexico

Natural resource statistics are often unavailable for small ecological or economic regions and policymakers have to rely on state-level datasets to evaluate the status of their resources （i.e., forests, rangelands, grasslands, agriculture, etc.） at the regional or local level. These resources can be evaluated using small-area estimation techniques. However, it is unknown which small area technique produces the most valid and precise results. The reliability and accuracy of two methods, synthetic and regression estimators, used in smallarea analyses, were examined in this study. The two small-area analysis methods were applied to data from Jalisco＇s state-wide natural resource inventory to examine how well each technique predicted selected characteristics of forest stand structure. The regression method produced the most valid and precise estimates of forest stand characteristics at multiple geographical scales. Therefore, state and local resource managers should utilize the regression method unless appropriate auxiliary information is not available.

Syntheses,Crystal Structures,and Photoluminescent Properties for One New Cd(Ⅱ) CP Based on 3,5-Bis(4'-carboxy-phenyl)-1,2,4-triazole and 1,4-Bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene

One new coordination polymer（CP） [Cd（bct）（bib）]·2（H2O）（1）, based on 3,5-bis（4＇-carboxy-phenyl）-1,2,4-triazole（H2 bct） and 1,4-bis（imidazol-1-ylmethyl）benzene（bib）, has been synthesized by hydrothermal method, and its structure was determined and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The crystal structure of CP 1 is a three-dimensional framework with（3,5）-connected topology, where the bct ligands adopt a μ3-kO,kO,kO coordination mode connecting with three Cd centers and the bib ligands adopt a μ2-k N,k N coordination mode bridging two Cd ions. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group C2/c, with a = 2.6838（4）, b = 1.24221（17）, c = 1.8011（2） nm, β = 102.939（2）o, V = 5.8522（13） nm^3, Z = 8, C30 H27 CdN7O6, Mr = 694.00, Dc = 1.566 g/cm^3, F（000） = 2784, S = 1.055, R = 0.0294 and wR = 0.0731. Furthermore, solid-state photoluminescence measurements show that CP 1 produces strong emissions at room temperature.

Nonlinear Time History Analysis for the Different Column Orientations under Seismic Wave Synthetic Approach

The significant impact of earthquakes on human lives and the built environment underscores the extensive human and economic losses caused by structural collapses. Over the years, researchers have focused on improving seismic design to mitigate earthquake-induced damages and enhance structural performance. In this study, a specific reinforced concrete (RC) frame structure at Kyungpook National University, designed for educational purposes, is analyzed as a representative case. Utilizing SAP 2000, the research conducts a nonlinear time history analysis to assess the structural performance under seismic conditions. The primary objective is to evaluate the influence of different column section designs, while maintaining identical column section areas, on structural behavior. The study employs two distinct seismic waves from Abeno (ABN) and Takatori (TKT) for the analysis, comparing the structural performance under varying seismic conditions. Key aspects examined include displacement, base shear force, base moment, joint radians, and layer displacement angle. This research is anticipated to serve as a valuable reference for seismic restraint reinforcement work on RC buildings, enriching the methods used for evaluating structures through nonlinear time history analysis based on the synthetic seismic wave approach.

Wearable synthetic leather-based high-performance X-ray shielding materials enabled by the plant polyphenol-and hierarchical structure-facilitated dispersion

Effective protection against X-ray is the premise of utilizing the X-ray,thus it is critical to develop novel X-ray shielding materials with both low density and high X-ray attenuation efficiency.As the even distribution of high-Z element components is of great significance for increasing the attenuation efficiency of X-ray shielding materials,in this study,the microfiber membrane(MFM),a type of synthetic leather featuring hierarchical structure was chosen to provide large surface area for the dispersion of rare earth(RE)element.Meanwhile,plant polyphenol was utilized to achieve the stable loading and uniform dispersion of the Ce or Er into MFM.Benefiting from the assistance of polyphenol and hierarchical structure of MFM,the even dispersion of RE element was successfully realized.The resultant shielding materials displayed approximately 10%superior X-ray attenuation efficiency compared to that without polyphenol,and an averagely 9%increment in X-ray attenuation efficiency than that without hierarchical structure.Moreover,the obtained composite with a thickness of 2.8 mm displayed superior X-ray shielding performance compared to 0.25 mm lead sheet in 16-83 keV and retained an ultralow density of 1.4 g cm^(-3).Our research results would shed new light on the manufacture of high-performance X-ray shielding materials with excellent X-ray shielding performance.

A fast decoupled ISAR high-resolution imaging method using structural sparse information under low SNR

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image can be represented and reconstructed by sparse recovery (SR) approaches. However, the existing SR algorithms, which are used for ISAR imaging, have suffered from high computational cost and poor imaging quality under a low signal to noise ratio (SNR) condition. This paper proposes a fast decoupled ISAR imaging method by exploiting the inherent structural sparse information of the targets. Firstly, the ISAR imaging problem is decoupled into two sub-problems. One is range direction imaging and the other is azimuth direction focusing. Secondly, an efficient two-stage SR method is proposed to obtain higher resolution range profiles by using jointly sparse information. Finally, the residual linear Bregman iteration via fast Fourier transforms (RLBI-FFT) is proposed to perform the azimuth focusing on low SNR efficiently. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed method has better performence to efficiently implement higher-resolution ISAR imaging under the low SNR condition.

Recent Progress on Asymmetric Carbon- and Silica-Based Nanomaterials: From Synthetic Strategies to Their Applications

Carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials possess a set of merits including large surface area,good structural stability,diversified morphology,adjustable structure,and biocompatibility.These outstanding features make them widely applied in different fields.However,limited by the surface free energy effect,the current studies mainly focus on the symmetric structures,such as nanospheres,nanoflowers,nanowires,nanosheets,and core-shell structured composites.By comparison,the asymmetric structure with ingenious adjustability not only exhibits a larger effective surface area accompanied with more active sites,but also enables each component to work independently or corporately to harness their own merits,thus showing the unusual performances in some specific applications.The current review mainly focuses on the recent progress of design principles and synthesis methods of asymmetric carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials,and their applications in energy storage,catalysis,and biomedicine.Particularly,we provide some deep insights into their unique advantages in related fields from the perspective of materials’structure-performance relationship.Furthermore,the challenges and development prospects on the synthesis and applications of asymmetric carbon-and silica-based nanomaterials are also presented and highlighted.

Heuristic Backtrack Algorithm for Structural Match and Its Applications

The concept WALKING on structures is proposed, and the partial ordering between a structure and a query structure (substructure) is also created by means of WALKING. Based upon the above concepts, authors create the Heuristic-Backtracking Algorithm (HBA) of structural match with high performance. In the last part of the paper, the applications of HBA in molecular graphics, synthetic planning, spectrum simulation , the representation and recognition of general structures are discussed.

METALLOGENIC REGULARITIES OF LARGE CONCEALED AND BLIND URANIUM DEPOSITS AND METALLOGENIC PROGNOSIS BY SYNTHETIC INFORMATION IN GRANITIC EXOCONTACT ZONES──Taking Eastern Hunan and Adjacent Areas as Examples

Under the guide of advanced theories of geosciences, new technology and methods of prospecting, integrating sedimentation, magmatic emplacement, metamorphism and deformation with mineralization by means of intersectional subjects, the author has revealed that the geodynamic setting of formation of uranium deposits of granitic exocontact zone type in eastern Hunan and neighbouring areas has a specia1 stretching strike-slip structure, a special thermal rock series,a special texture and composition of the crust and mantle, elaborated the macroscopic and microscopic features of stretching decollement faults in the Mingyuefeng area, and summed up the metallogenic regularities of typical uranium deposits, factors for a genetic mode1 and the criteria for prospecting by synthetic information, on the basis of which he has made prognosis of concealed and blind uranium deposits.

两电极/三电极等离子体合成射流激励器工作特性对比研究

为了实现等离子体合成射流激励器性能设计优化,采用放电测量和高速阴影技术对两电极和三电极等离子体合成射流激励器工作特性进行了实验研究,开展了不同环境压强下两种激励器放电特性、流场特性和能量沉积特性的对比分析,获得了两种激励器工作特性差异的物理机制。研究结果表明,两电极和三电极等离子体合成射流激励器具有相似的放电电压-电流变化过程,相同的击穿电压和峰值电流随环境压强的变化趋势,相近的射流建立和流场响应速度。但在相同电容能量、腔体尺寸和环境压强下,两电极激励器产生的射流和前驱激波速度峰值分别为300 m/s和350 m/s,而三电极激励器则高达480 m/s和520 m/s,并且三电极激励器具有更小的放电电磁干扰。三电极激励器更强的射流形成能力是由于其可以以较小的击穿电压,配合大放电电容和大电极间距,将电源电容到激励器电弧的能量转化效率从两电极激励器的20%提升至90%,实现对激励器腔体更充分的加热。

基于InSAR技术的大跨桥梁温度变形监测研究

以国内某高速铁路钢拱桥为研究对象,选取2017—2018年期间59幅C波段Senti⁃nel-1号雷达卫星影像,利用PS-InSAR技术处理影像获得桥梁的视线向(Line of Sight,LOS)位移,根据SAR成像空间几何关系解算出支座的纵向位移.研究结果表明:支座纵向位移的时空特性与实际桥梁结构相符合,验证了PS-InSAR技术观测桥梁结构位移的可行性.建立支座纵向位移与温度的线性相关模型,并与结构健康监测系统的实测结果进行对比.两者吻合良好,相对误差控制在10%以内,验证了PS-InSAR测量桥梁结构位移的可靠性.利用有限元模拟温度作用下桥梁支座的位移变化,并与PS-InSAR位移时间序列进行对比.两者趋势基本一致,LOS向位移误差在[-10,10]mm,验证了PS-InSAR测量桥梁结构位移的准确性.

地方政府参与科技创新推动产业结构转型升级的实证分析

有为政府与有效市场的持续双向互动,是推动科技创新引领产业结构转型升级、实现高质量发展的关键。以迄今唯一的国家科技创新型试点城市合肥为例,借助合成控制法,基于1999—2020年中国160个地级市数据,构造与合肥尽可能相似的“合成合肥”,并比较“真实合肥”与“合成合肥”在产业结构转型升级上的差距和差异。研究发现:政府参与科技创新的政策干预对产业结构合理化影响不显著,而对产业结构高级化具有显著的促进作用且随着政策推行呈N形曲线变化;政策实施前期,政策效应快速释放,产业结构高级化水平显著提升,随着时间推移,产业结构高级化水平逐渐回落,但快速反弹再次跃升,实现对同期同类城市的加速超越。将实证检验结果与合肥案例的质化提炼相结合,全景阐释政府参与科技创新推动产业结构转型升级的内在机理,为制定实施新一轮的科技创新支持引导政策提供参考。

服务业扩大开放政策对产业结构升级的影响——基于北京市服务业扩大开放综合试点的准自然实验

以北京市服务业扩大开放综合试点为研究对象,运用合成控制法实证考察了服务业扩大开放政策对北京市产业结构升级的影响效应及作用机制,结果显示:在产业整体层面,服务业扩大开放政策能够显著提升北京市的产业结构高级化水平,且随着政策的迭代调整,该政策对产业结构升级的促进作用逐年增大;同时,该政策能够有效促进本地劳动力要素向科技、金融等高端产业集聚,进而以人才驱动支撑服务业高端化发展。机制检验表明,该政策主要通过营商环境改善效应、资本积累效应及知识溢出效应等途径促进产业结构升级。对此,未来应进一步深化服务业扩大开放政策,注重引导高端产业的均衡发展与全面开放,强化制度创新及政策联动。

丙硫菌唑合成工艺中副产物形成分析

在丙硫菌唑不同合成路线及纯化过程中会发生一些副反应,导致副产物的产生,严重影响工艺收率及产品质量。通过研究工艺、分离副产物和1H NMR、13C NMR、ESI-MS或X-射线衍射等结构表征,明确了丙硫菌唑3种主要合成路线中所生成的2-(1-氯环丙基)-1-(2-氯苯基)-3-(4H-1,2,4-三唑-4-基)-2-丙醇(7)、6-(2-氯苄基)-6-(1-氯环丙基)-5,6-二氢-4H-1,3,4-噁二嗪-4-硫代甲酰胺(8)、丙硫菌唑缩合物(9)和2-(2-氯苄基)-2-((5-硫酮-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基)环丁酮(10) 4种主要副产物及其结构。其中,副产物8首次在取代肼-丙酮合成路线中被发现。通过工艺分析和验证进一步阐明了4种副产物的形成机制,为丙硫菌唑产品的合成路线选择、工艺控制及产品质量的提高提供了有益参考。

碳化钼的结构、制备及应用研究进展

将碳原子引入钼的晶格中形成碳化钼时,形成的间充结构具有独特的物理和化学性质,在加氢反应和制氢反应等领域具有优异的催化性能,可与贵金属铂、钯相媲美。碳化钼化学性质活泼,合成方法和实验条件都密切影响着最终产品的物化性质,任何一种反应原料和实验条件发生微小变化,都可能造成碳化钼的晶相结构、晶粒大小、比表面积等产生较大变化,从而改变材料的催化性质。本文对几种典型碳化钼的晶相类型及空间结构分别进行了介绍,分析了影响碳化钼结构的电子性质和几何因素,系统总结了碳化钼的合成策略并指出了不同制备方法的优劣势。以程序升温还原法为例,分析了碳化钼的生长机理,并从碳化终温、升温速率、碳源浓度三方面着重讨论了制备条件对材料的影响。然后总结了碳化钼在加氢反应、制氢反应、传感器及生物医学材料等领域的应用,详细阐述了碳化钼在电催化析氢和CO_(2)加氢转化反应中的催化机理及改进策略,最后基于目前存在的挑战进一步提出碳化钼材料未来的发展方向。

Experimental investigations on separation control and flow structure around a circular cylinder with synthetic jet

Circular cylinder separation control and flow structure influenced by the synthetic jet have been experimentally investigated in a water channel. The synthetic jet is- sues from a slot and ejects toward upstream from the front stagnation point of the cylinder. It has been found that, similar to the traditional synthetic jet which is po- sitioned near the separation point or inside the separation region, the present synthetic jet arrangement constitutes an efficient way to control flow separation of the circular cylinder, but with a different control mechanism. The present synthetic jet leads to an upstream displacement of the front stagnation point and the forma- tion of a vortex pair near both sides of the exit orifice. When ReU based on the synthetic jet average exit orifice velocity is about lower than 43, a closed envelope forms in front of the windward side of the cylinder during the blowing cycle of syn- thetic jet, which acts as an apparent modification for the cylinder configuration. When ReU is high enough, an open envelope forms upstream of the cylinder, and the flow around the cylinder becomes much energetic. Thus, regardless of ReU, the present synthetic jet can improve separation for flow around a circular cylinder. With regard to the leeward side, as ReU increases, the flow separation region be- hind the cylinder gradually disappears. The flow over cylinder may be fully attached when the open envelope forms upstream of the cylinder and ReU is greater than 344. Then, the flow past the cylinder will converge near the back stagnation point of the cylinder, where a new vortex pair shedding periodically is generated due to the high shear layer.