Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)achieves super-resolution(SR)by modulating the high-frequency information of the sample into the passband of the optical system and subsequent image reconstruction.The traditiona...Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)achieves super-resolution(SR)by modulating the high-frequency information of the sample into the passband of the optical system and subsequent image reconstruction.The traditional Wiener-filtering-based reconstruction algorithm operates in the Fourier domain,it requires prior knowledge of the sinusoidal illumination patterns which makes the time-consuming procedure of parameter estimation to raw datasets necessary,besides,the parameter estimation is sensitive to noise or aberration-induced pattern distortion which leads to reconstruction artifacts.Here,we propose a spatial-domain image reconstruction method that does not require parameter estimation but calculates patterns from raw datasets,and a reconstructed image can be obtained just by calculating the spatial covariance of differential calculated patterns and differential filtered datasets(the notch filtering operation is performed to the raw datasets for attenuating and compensating the optical transfer function(OTF)).Experiments on reconstructing raw datasets including nonbiological,biological,and simulated samples demonstrate that our method has SR capability,high reconstruction speed,and high robustness to aberration and noise.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely comme...Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely commercial application and development of LSB is mainly hindered by serious“shuttle effect”of lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),slow reaction kinetics,notorious lithium dendrites,etc.In various structures of LSB materials,array structured materials,possessing the composition of ordered micro units with the same or similar characteristics of each unit,present excellent application potential for various secondary cells due to some merits such as immobilization of active substances,high specific surface area,appropriate pore sizes,easy modification of functional material surface,accommodated huge volume change,enough facilitated transportation for electrons/lithium ions,and special functional groups strongly adsorbing Li PSs.Thus many novel array structured materials are applied to battery for tackling thorny problems mentioned above.In this review,recent progresses and developments on array structured materials applied in LSBs including preparation ways,collaborative structural designs based on array structures,and action mechanism analyses in improving electrochemical performance and safety are summarized.Meanwhile,we also have detailed discussion for array structured materials in LSBs and constructed the structure-function relationships between array structured materials and battery performances.Lastly,some directions and prospects about preparation ways,functional modifications,and practical applications of array structured materials in LSBs are generalized.We hope the review can attract more researchers'attention and bring more studying on array structured materials for other secondary batteries including LSB.展开更多
In evolutionary games,most studies on finite populations have focused on a single updating mechanism.However,given the differences in individual cognition,individuals may change their strategies according to different...In evolutionary games,most studies on finite populations have focused on a single updating mechanism.However,given the differences in individual cognition,individuals may change their strategies according to different updating mechanisms.For this reason,we consider two different aspiration-driven updating mechanisms in structured populations:satisfied-stay unsatisfied shift(SSUS)and satisfied-cooperate unsatisfied defect(SCUD).To simulate the game player’s learning process,this paper improves the particle swarm optimization algorithm,which will be used to simulate the game player’s strategy selection,i.e.,population particle swarm optimization(PPSO)algorithms.We find that in the prisoner’s dilemma,the conditions that SSUS facilitates the evolution of cooperation do not enable cooperation to emerge.In contrast,SCUD conditions that promote the evolution of cooperation enable cooperation to emerge.In addition,the invasion of SCUD individuals helps promote cooperation among SSUS individuals.Simulated by the PPSO algorithm,the theoretical approximation results are found to be consistent with the trend of change in the simulation results.展开更多
The balance between cationic redox and oxygen redox in layer-structured cathode materials is an important issue for sodium batteries to obtain high energy density and considerable cycle stability.Oxygen redox can cont...The balance between cationic redox and oxygen redox in layer-structured cathode materials is an important issue for sodium batteries to obtain high energy density and considerable cycle stability.Oxygen redox can contribute extra capacity to increase energy density,but results in lattice instability and capacity fading caused by lattice oxygen gliding and oxygen release.In this work,reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox is realized in a P3-Na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode material with high specific capacity and structure stability via Co substitution.The contribution of oxygen redox is suppressed significantly by reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox without sacrificing capacity,thus reducing lattice oxygen release and improving the structure stability.Synchrotron X-ray techniques reveal that P3 phase is well maintained in a wide voltage window of 1.5-4.5 V vs.Na^(+)/Na even at 10 C and after long-term cycling.It is disclosed that charge compensation from Co/Mn-ions contributes to the voltage region below 4.2 V and O-ions contribute to the whole voltage range.The synergistic contributions of Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+),Co^(2+)/Co^(3+),and O^(2-)/(O_n)^(2-)redox in P3-Na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)lead to a high reversible capacity of 215.0 m A h g^(-1)at 0.1 C with considerable cycle stability.The strategy opens up new opportunities for the design of high capacity cathode materials for rechargeable batteries.展开更多
The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).Herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricat...The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).Herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricated to address the above issues.The coordination complexes which consist of natural polyphenol tannic acid(TA) and Fe~Ⅲ were chosen to construct the inner shell,while the graphene sheets were used to build the outer shell.The resulting CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites exhibited simultaneously improved thermal stability and safety performance with only 1 wt% double-shell content,which should be ascribed to the intense physical encapsulation effect from inner shell combined with the desensitization effect of carbon nano-materials from outer shell.The phase transition(ε to γ) temperature increased from 173.70 ℃ of pure CL-20 to 191.87℃ of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites.Meanwhile,the characteristic drop height(H_(50)) dramatically increased from 14.7 cm of pure CL-20 to112.8 cm of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites,indicating much superior safety performance after the construction of the double-shell structure.In general,this work has provided an effective and versatile strategy to conquer the thermal stability and safety issues of CL-20 and contributes to the future application of high energy density energetic materials.展开更多
The present study examines the impact of short-term public opinion sentiment on the secondary market,with a focus on the potential for such sentiment to cause dramatic stock price fluctuations and increase investment ...The present study examines the impact of short-term public opinion sentiment on the secondary market,with a focus on the potential for such sentiment to cause dramatic stock price fluctuations and increase investment risk.The quantification of investment sentiment indicators and the persistent analysis of their impact has been a complex and significant area of research.In this paper,a structured multi-head attention stock index prediction method based adaptive public opinion sentiment vector is proposed.The proposedmethod utilizes an innovative approach to transform numerous investor comments on social platforms over time into public opinion sentiment vectors expressing complex sentiments.It then analyzes the continuous impact of these vectors on the market through the use of aggregating techniques and public opinion data via a structured multi-head attention mechanism.The experimental results demonstrate that the public opinion sentiment vector can provide more comprehensive feedback on market sentiment than traditional sentiment polarity analysis.Furthermore,the multi-head attention mechanism is shown to improve prediction accuracy through attention convergence on each type of input information separately.Themean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of the proposedmethod is 0.463%,a reduction of 0.294% compared to the benchmark attention algorithm.Additionally,the market backtesting results indicate that the return was 24.560%,an improvement of 8.202% compared to the benchmark algorithm.These results suggest that themarket trading strategy based on thismethod has the potential to improve trading profits.展开更多
Weighted total least squares(WTLS)have been regarded as the standard tool for the errors-in-variables(EIV)model in which all the elements in the observation vector and the coefficient matrix are contaminated with rand...Weighted total least squares(WTLS)have been regarded as the standard tool for the errors-in-variables(EIV)model in which all the elements in the observation vector and the coefficient matrix are contaminated with random errors.However,in many geodetic applications,some elements are error-free and some random observations appear repeatedly in different positions in the augmented coefficient matrix.It is called the linear structured EIV(LSEIV)model.Two kinds of methods are proposed for the LSEIV model from functional and stochastic modifications.On the one hand,the functional part of the LSEIV model is modified into the errors-in-observations(EIO)model.On the other hand,the stochastic model is modified by applying the Moore-Penrose inverse of the cofactor matrix.The algorithms are derived through the Lagrange multipliers method and linear approximation.The estimation principles and iterative formula of the parameters are proven to be consistent.The first-order approximate variance-covariance matrix(VCM)of the parameters is also derived.A numerical example is given to compare the performances of our proposed three algorithms with the STLS approach.Afterwards,the least squares(LS),total least squares(TLS)and linear structured weighted total least squares(LSWTLS)solutions are compared and the accuracy evaluation formula is proven to be feasible and effective.Finally,the LSWTLS is applied to the field of deformation analysis,which yields a better result than the traditional LS and TLS estimations.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application effect of structured healthcare education in patients with brittle diabetes mellitus.Methods:188 brittle diabetic patients admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to December 2023 w...Objective:To explore the application effect of structured healthcare education in patients with brittle diabetes mellitus.Methods:188 brittle diabetic patients admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into the control group(n=94)and the observation group(n=94)according to the random number table method.The control group used conventional nursing intervention and the observation group used structured healthcare education.The general information,glycemic indexes,self-efficacy,compliance,and nursing satisfaction of patients in the two groups were observed.Results:There was no statistical significance in the basic information of the two groups of patients(P>0.05);after the intervention,the fasting plasma glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,and HbA1c of the patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.001);after the intervention,the self-efficacy scores of the patients in the two groups increased,and the scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.001);the total adherence rate of the patients in the observation group(90/95.75%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(80/90.10%)(χ^(2)=6.144,P<0.05);and the total satisfaction rate of patients in the observation group(92/97.87%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(78/82.98%)(χ^(2)=12.042,P<0.05).Conclusion:In patients with brittle diabetes mellitus,structured healthcare education can effectively control patients’blood glucose levels,improve patients’self-efficacy and adherence,and enhance patient satisfaction.展开更多
Objective:To explore the intervention effect of the Structured Health Education course and 5A nursing model for self-control of elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Using the random sampling method,124...Objective:To explore the intervention effect of the Structured Health Education course and 5A nursing model for self-control of elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Using the random sampling method,124 elderly CAD patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.The control group line routine health education,experimental group take structured health education combined with 5A nursing before and after the intervention using a coronary heart disease assessment questionnaire,coronary heart disease self-control scale evaluation of two groups of intervention,compare two groups before and after intervention blood pressure,blood sugar,body mass index,lipid index level and complications within 8 months after discharge.Results:After the course intervention,the disease cognition and self-behavior of the experimental group were higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.1).Conclusion:This course is suitable for elderly patients with coronary heart disease.The 5A model improves the cognitive and management ability of elderly patients to a certain extent,which is worthy of clinical application.展开更多
The objective of the present study was to qualitatively assess the obstructive and facilitative factors affecting adolescent girls and their caregivers when the adolescent had received or was considering receiving the...The objective of the present study was to qualitatively assess the obstructive and facilitative factors affecting adolescent girls and their caregivers when the adolescent had received or was considering receiving the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination. Using these data, we propose recommendations for medical and nursing staff concerned with HPV vaccination. Participants were 20 adolescent girls (aged 10 - 19 years) and their caregivers, who had visited any of the 3 pediatric clinics in the Tokyo metropolitan area during a specified period since HPV vaccination began in Japan. The girls and their caregivers were separately interviewed by 2 child and/or family nursing care specialists with a semi-structured interview. The responses were qualitatively analyzed by 2 specialists, and the obstructive and facilitative factors affecting participants’ decision to receive HPV vaccination were extracted from the responses. Among the 20 sets of participants, 7 adolescents had completed HPV vaccination, 9 were going to receive vaccination, and 4 had not received any vaccination. The obstructive/facilitative factors related to considering or receiving HPV vaccination and actual vaccination were extracted and 4 main categories of factors were identified. Facilitators toward HPV-vaccination of daughters included clear future self-image and visions, fear Cervical Cancer (CC) and desire to escape from CC, having discussion with mothers about HPV-vaccination and CC, and to have a boyfriend. Barriers toward vaccination included the mothers’ reluctance to explain the sexual matters about HPV-vaccination to their daughters and difficulty with find the appropriate clinic or hospital to HPV-vaccination. Relevant factors about vaccination included positive family attitudes toward vaccination, having family system allowing consultation and having a public financial support for vaccination for daughters. Our conceptual model adapted from the Katz, et al. conceptual framework integrated the key barriers and facilitators as factors within each of four domains. These four domains have an important link. Especially, the environmental factors and the structural and sociocultural factors domain affect the individual adolescent and the caregiver factors domain, respectively. The results of present study suggest that medical/nursing activities centered on promoting HPV vaccination in Japan should comprehensively cover CC/vaccination/sex education in an integrated fashion, while schools and public health centers should provide opportunities for caregivers and adolescents to jointly participate in awareness education on HPV vaccination.展开更多
A semi structured data extraction method to get the useful information embedded in a group of relevant web pages and store it with OEM(Object Exchange Model) is proposed. Then, the data mining method is adopted to dis...A semi structured data extraction method to get the useful information embedded in a group of relevant web pages and store it with OEM(Object Exchange Model) is proposed. Then, the data mining method is adopted to discover schema knowledge implicit in the semi structured data. This knowledge can make users understand the information structure on the web more deeply and thourouly. At the same time, it can also provide a kind of effective schema for the querying of web information.展开更多
Tree logic, inherited from ambient logic, is introduced as the formal foundation of related programming language and type systems, In this paper, we introduce recursion into such logic system, which can describe the t...Tree logic, inherited from ambient logic, is introduced as the formal foundation of related programming language and type systems, In this paper, we introduce recursion into such logic system, which can describe the tree data more dearly and concisely. By making a distinction between proposition and predicate, a concise semantics interpretation for our modal logic is given. We also develop a model checking algorithm for the logic without △ operator. The correctness of the algorithm is shown. Such work can be seen as the basis of the semi-structured data processing language and more flexible type system.展开更多
Rational design of hierarchically structured electrocatalysts is particularly important for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Here,ZIF-67 crystals are stringed on core-shell Ag@C nanocables using a coord...Rational design of hierarchically structured electrocatalysts is particularly important for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Here,ZIF-67 crystals are stringed on core-shell Ag@C nanocables using a coordinationmodulated process.Upon pyrolysis,Ag@C strings of Co nanoparticles embedded with three-dimensional porous carbon with beads-on-string hierarchical structures are developed.Due to the advantages of the rich electrochemical active sites of Co-based“beads”and the efficient electron transfer pathways via Ag@C“strings,”the resultant NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 catalyst shows an improved electrocatalytic activity toward ORR.NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 shows a high onset potential of 0.99 V versus RHE,a high half-wave potential of 0.88 V versus RHE,and a large limiting current of 5.8 mA cm^(-2),which are better than those of commercial Pt/C electrocatalysts.Additionally,the NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 catalyst shows high stability and preeminent methanol tolerance,which makes NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 a promising catalyst for oxygen electrocatalysis in fuel cell applications.展开更多
In the present paper,a microwave absorber with nanoscale gradient structure was proposed for enhancing the electromagnetic absorption performance.The inorganic-organic competitive coating strategy was employed,which c...In the present paper,a microwave absorber with nanoscale gradient structure was proposed for enhancing the electromagnetic absorption performance.The inorganic-organic competitive coating strategy was employed,which can effectively adjust the thermodynamic and kinetic reactions of iron ions during the solvothermal process.As a result,Fe nanoparticles can be gradually decreased from the inner side to the surface across the hollow carbon shell.The results reveal that it offers an outstanding reflection loss value in combination with broadband wave absorption and flexible adjustment ability,which is superior to other relative graded distribution structures and satisfied with the requirements of lightweight equipment.In addition,this work elucidates the intrinsic microwave regulation mechanism of the multiscale hybrid electromagnetic wave absorber.The excellent impedance matching and moderate dielectric parameters are exhibited to be the dominative factors for the promotion of microwave absorption performance of the optimized materials.This strategy to prepare gradient-distributed microwave absorbing materials initiates a new way for designing and fabricating wave absorber with excellent impedance matching property in practical applications.展开更多
Flexible pressure sensors have attracted wide attention due to their applications to electronic skin,health monitoring,and human-machine interaction.However,the tradeoff between their high sensitivity and wide respons...Flexible pressure sensors have attracted wide attention due to their applications to electronic skin,health monitoring,and human-machine interaction.However,the tradeoff between their high sensitivity and wide response range remains a challenge.Inspired by human skin,we select commercial silicon carbide sandpaper as a template to fabricate carbon nanotube(CNT)/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite film with a hierarchical structured surface(h-CNT/PDMS)through solution blending and blade coating and then assemble the h-CNT/PDMS composite film with interdigitated electrodes and polyurethane(PU)scotch tape to obtain an h-CNT/PDMS-based flexible pressure sensor.Based on in-situ optical images and finite element analysis,the significant compressive contact effect between the hierarchical structured surface of h-CNT/PDMS and the interdigitated electrode leads to enhanced pressure sensitivity and a wider response range(0.1661 kPa^(-1),0.4574 kPa^(-1)and 0.0989 kPa^(-1)in the pressure range of 0–18 kPa,18–133 kPa and 133–300 kPa)compared with planar CNT/PDMS composite film(0.0066 kPa^(-1)in the pressure range of 0–240 kPa).The prepared pressure sensor displays rapid response/recovery time,excellent stability,durability,and stable response to different loading modes(bending and torsion).In addition,our pressure sensor can be utilized to accurately monitor and discriminate various stimuli ranging from human motions to pressure magnitude and spatial distribution.This study supplies important guidance for the fabrication of flexible pressure sensors with superior sensing performance in next-generation wearable electronic devices.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage,but their implementation is plagued by poor Zn reversibility and unsatisfactory low-temperature performance.Herein,we design a ...Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage,but their implementation is plagued by poor Zn reversibility and unsatisfactory low-temperature performance.Herein,we design a cell-nucleus structured electrolyte by introducing low-polarity 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME) into dilute 1 M zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate(Zn(OTf)_(2)) aqueous solution,which features an OTf--rich Zn2^(+)-primary solvation sheath(PSS,inner nucleus) and the DMEmodulated Zn^(2+)-outer solvation sheath(outer layer).We find that DME additives with a low dosage do not participate in the Zn2+-PSS but reinforce the Zn-OTf-coordination,which guarantees good reaction kinetics under ultralow temperatures.Moreover,DME breaks the original H-bonding network of H2O,depressing the freezing point of electrolyte to-52.4℃.Such a cell-nucleus-solvation structure suppresses the H_(2)O-induced side reactions and forms an anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase on Zn and can be readily extended to 1,2-diethoxyethane.The as-designed electrolyte enables the Zn electrode deep cycling stability over 3500 h with a high depth-of-discharge of 51.3% and endows the Zn‖V_(2)O_(5)full battery with stable cycling over 1000 cycles at 40℃.This work would inspire the solvation structure design for low-temperature aqueous batteries.展开更多
Constructing heterojunctions and hollow multi-shelled structures can render materials with fascinating physicochemical properties,and have been regarded as two promising strategies to overcome the severe shuttling and...Constructing heterojunctions and hollow multi-shelled structures can render materials with fascinating physicochemical properties,and have been regarded as two promising strategies to overcome the severe shuttling and sluggish kinetics of polysulfide in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.However,a single strategy can only take limited effect.Modulating catalytic hosts with synergistic effects are urgently desired.Herein,Mn_(3)O_(4)-MnS heterogeneous multi-shelled hollow spheres are meticulously designed by controlled sulfuration of Mn2O3 hollow spheres,and then applied as advanced encapsulation hosts for Li-S batteries.Benefiting from the separated spatial confinement by hollow multi-shelled structure,ample exposed active sites and built-in electric field by heterogeneous interface,and synergistic effects between Mn_(3)O_(4)(strong adsorption)and MnS(fast conversion)components,the assembled battery achieves prominent rate capability and decent cyclability(0.016%decay per cycle at 2 C,1000 cycles).More crucially,satisfactory areal capacity reaches up to 7.1 mAh cm^(-2)even with high sulfur loading(8.0 mg cm^(-2))and lean electrolyte(E/S=4.0 pL mg^(-1))conditions.This work will provide inspiration for the rational design of hollow multi-shelled heterostructure for various electrocatalysis applications.展开更多
Earth-abundant and nontoxic Sn-based materials have been regarded as promising catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)to C1 products,e.g.,CO and formate.However,it is still difficult for Snbased materia...Earth-abundant and nontoxic Sn-based materials have been regarded as promising catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)to C1 products,e.g.,CO and formate.However,it is still difficult for Snbased materials to obtain satisfactory performance at low-to-moderate overpotentials.Herein,a simple and facile electrospinning technique is utilized to prepare a composite of a bimetallic Sn-Co oxide/carbon matrix with a hollow nanotube structure(Sn Co-HNT).Sn Co-HNT can maintain>90%faradaic efficiencies for C1 products within a wide potential range from-0.6 VRHE to-1.2 VRHE,and a highest 94.1%selectivity towards CO in an H-type cell.Moreover,a 91.2%faradaic efficiency with a 241.3 m A cm^(-2)partial current density for C1 products could be achieved using a flow cell.According to theoretical calculations,the fusing of Sn/Co oxides on the carbon matrix accelerates electron transfer at the atomic level,causing electron deficiency of Sn centers and reversible variation between Co^(2+)and Co^(3+)centers.The synergistic effect of the Sn/Co composition improves the electron affinity of the catalyst surface,which is conducive to the adsorption and stabilization of key intermediates and eventually increases the catalytic activity in CO_(2)electroreduction.This study could provide a new strategy for the construction of oxide-derived catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction.展开更多
Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdomen disease of the digestive system.It has a potentially fatal risk because of its variable severity and various complications.With the widespread application of the Revised...Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdomen disease of the digestive system.It has a potentially fatal risk because of its variable severity and various complications.With the widespread application of the Revised Atlanta Classification,new requirements for AP imaging reports are introduced.Experts in abdominal radiology and pancreatology in the United States published the first structured computed tomography reporting template for AP in 2020.However,there is no corresponding structured magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)reporting template globally.Therefore,this article focuses on the structured MRI report of AP images from our pancreatitis imaging center,which is intended to improve the systematic understanding of this disease and standardize the writing of MRI structured reports.In the meantime,we aim to promote the clinical diagnosis and assessment of MRI efficacy for AP and its multiple complications.It is further intended to facilitate academic exchanges and scientific research between different medical centers.展开更多
Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is one of the most widely applied wide field super resolution imaging techniques with high temporal resolution and low phototoxicity.The spatial resolution of SIM is typically li...Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is one of the most widely applied wide field super resolution imaging techniques with high temporal resolution and low phototoxicity.The spatial resolution of SIM is typically limited to two times of the diffraction limit and the depth of field is small.In this work,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a low cost,easy to implement,novel technique called speckle structured illumination endoscopy(SSIE)to enhance the resolution of a wide field endoscope with large depth of field.Here,speckle patterns are used to excite objects on the sample which is then followed by a blind-SIM algorithm for super resolution image reconstruction.Our approach is insensitive to the 3D morphology of the specimen,or the deformation of illuminations used.It greatly simplifies the experimental setup as there are no calibration protocols and no stringent control of illumination patterns nor focusing optics.We demonstrate that the SSIE can enhance the resolution 2–4.5 times that of a standard white light endoscopic(WLE)system.The SSIE presents a unique route to super resolution in endoscopic imaging at wide field of view and depth of field,which might be beneficial to the practice of clinical endoscopy.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62125504,61827825,and 31901059)Zhejiang Provincial Ten Thousand Plan for Young Top Talents(2020R52001)Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2021WNLOKF007).
文摘Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)achieves super-resolution(SR)by modulating the high-frequency information of the sample into the passband of the optical system and subsequent image reconstruction.The traditional Wiener-filtering-based reconstruction algorithm operates in the Fourier domain,it requires prior knowledge of the sinusoidal illumination patterns which makes the time-consuming procedure of parameter estimation to raw datasets necessary,besides,the parameter estimation is sensitive to noise or aberration-induced pattern distortion which leads to reconstruction artifacts.Here,we propose a spatial-domain image reconstruction method that does not require parameter estimation but calculates patterns from raw datasets,and a reconstructed image can be obtained just by calculating the spatial covariance of differential calculated patterns and differential filtered datasets(the notch filtering operation is performed to the raw datasets for attenuating and compensating the optical transfer function(OTF)).Experiments on reconstructing raw datasets including nonbiological,biological,and simulated samples demonstrate that our method has SR capability,high reconstruction speed,and high robustness to aberration and noise.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203066,51973157,61904123)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(18JCQNJC02900)+3 种基金the National innovation and entrepreneurship training program for college students(202310058007)the Tianjin Municipal college students’innovation and entrepreneurship training program(202310058088)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(Grant No.2018KJ196)the State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University.
文摘Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)has brought much attention and concern because of high theoretical specific capacity and energy density as one of main competitors for next-generation energy storage systems.The widely commercial application and development of LSB is mainly hindered by serious“shuttle effect”of lithium polysulfides(Li PSs),slow reaction kinetics,notorious lithium dendrites,etc.In various structures of LSB materials,array structured materials,possessing the composition of ordered micro units with the same or similar characteristics of each unit,present excellent application potential for various secondary cells due to some merits such as immobilization of active substances,high specific surface area,appropriate pore sizes,easy modification of functional material surface,accommodated huge volume change,enough facilitated transportation for electrons/lithium ions,and special functional groups strongly adsorbing Li PSs.Thus many novel array structured materials are applied to battery for tackling thorny problems mentioned above.In this review,recent progresses and developments on array structured materials applied in LSBs including preparation ways,collaborative structural designs based on array structures,and action mechanism analyses in improving electrochemical performance and safety are summarized.Meanwhile,we also have detailed discussion for array structured materials in LSBs and constructed the structure-function relationships between array structured materials and battery performances.Lastly,some directions and prospects about preparation ways,functional modifications,and practical applications of array structured materials in LSBs are generalized.We hope the review can attract more researchers'attention and bring more studying on array structured materials for other secondary batteries including LSB.
基金Project supported by the Doctoral Foundation Project of Guizhou University(Grant No.(2019)49)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71961003)the Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province(Grant No.7223)。
文摘In evolutionary games,most studies on finite populations have focused on a single updating mechanism.However,given the differences in individual cognition,individuals may change their strategies according to different updating mechanisms.For this reason,we consider two different aspiration-driven updating mechanisms in structured populations:satisfied-stay unsatisfied shift(SSUS)and satisfied-cooperate unsatisfied defect(SCUD).To simulate the game player’s learning process,this paper improves the particle swarm optimization algorithm,which will be used to simulate the game player’s strategy selection,i.e.,population particle swarm optimization(PPSO)algorithms.We find that in the prisoner’s dilemma,the conditions that SSUS facilitates the evolution of cooperation do not enable cooperation to emerge.In contrast,SCUD conditions that promote the evolution of cooperation enable cooperation to emerge.In addition,the invasion of SCUD individuals helps promote cooperation among SSUS individuals.Simulated by the PPSO algorithm,the theoretical approximation results are found to be consistent with the trend of change in the simulation results.
基金financially supported by the National Key Scientific Research Project(2022YFB2502300)China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52071085)。
文摘The balance between cationic redox and oxygen redox in layer-structured cathode materials is an important issue for sodium batteries to obtain high energy density and considerable cycle stability.Oxygen redox can contribute extra capacity to increase energy density,but results in lattice instability and capacity fading caused by lattice oxygen gliding and oxygen release.In this work,reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox is realized in a P3-Na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)cathode material with high specific capacity and structure stability via Co substitution.The contribution of oxygen redox is suppressed significantly by reversible Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+)redox without sacrificing capacity,thus reducing lattice oxygen release and improving the structure stability.Synchrotron X-ray techniques reveal that P3 phase is well maintained in a wide voltage window of 1.5-4.5 V vs.Na^(+)/Na even at 10 C and after long-term cycling.It is disclosed that charge compensation from Co/Mn-ions contributes to the voltage region below 4.2 V and O-ions contribute to the whole voltage range.The synergistic contributions of Mn^(2+)/Mn^(4+),Co^(2+)/Co^(3+),and O^(2-)/(O_n)^(2-)redox in P3-Na_(0.65)Li_(0.2)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.75)O_(2)lead to a high reversible capacity of 215.0 m A h g^(-1)at 0.1 C with considerable cycle stability.The strategy opens up new opportunities for the design of high capacity cathode materials for rechargeable batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 22275173)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials (Grant No. 22kfhg10)。
文摘The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).Herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricated to address the above issues.The coordination complexes which consist of natural polyphenol tannic acid(TA) and Fe~Ⅲ were chosen to construct the inner shell,while the graphene sheets were used to build the outer shell.The resulting CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites exhibited simultaneously improved thermal stability and safety performance with only 1 wt% double-shell content,which should be ascribed to the intense physical encapsulation effect from inner shell combined with the desensitization effect of carbon nano-materials from outer shell.The phase transition(ε to γ) temperature increased from 173.70 ℃ of pure CL-20 to 191.87℃ of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites.Meanwhile,the characteristic drop height(H_(50)) dramatically increased from 14.7 cm of pure CL-20 to112.8 cm of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites,indicating much superior safety performance after the construction of the double-shell structure.In general,this work has provided an effective and versatile strategy to conquer the thermal stability and safety issues of CL-20 and contributes to the future application of high energy density energetic materials.
基金funded by the Major Humanities and Social Sciences Research Projects in Zhejiang higher education institutions,grant number 2023QN082,awarded to Cheng ZhaoThe National Natural Science Foundation of China also provided funding,grant number 61902349,awarded to Cheng Zhao.
文摘The present study examines the impact of short-term public opinion sentiment on the secondary market,with a focus on the potential for such sentiment to cause dramatic stock price fluctuations and increase investment risk.The quantification of investment sentiment indicators and the persistent analysis of their impact has been a complex and significant area of research.In this paper,a structured multi-head attention stock index prediction method based adaptive public opinion sentiment vector is proposed.The proposedmethod utilizes an innovative approach to transform numerous investor comments on social platforms over time into public opinion sentiment vectors expressing complex sentiments.It then analyzes the continuous impact of these vectors on the market through the use of aggregating techniques and public opinion data via a structured multi-head attention mechanism.The experimental results demonstrate that the public opinion sentiment vector can provide more comprehensive feedback on market sentiment than traditional sentiment polarity analysis.Furthermore,the multi-head attention mechanism is shown to improve prediction accuracy through attention convergence on each type of input information separately.Themean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of the proposedmethod is 0.463%,a reduction of 0.294% compared to the benchmark attention algorithm.Additionally,the market backtesting results indicate that the return was 24.560%,an improvement of 8.202% compared to the benchmark algorithm.These results suggest that themarket trading strategy based on thismethod has the potential to improve trading profits.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42074016,42104025,42274057and 41704007)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2021JJ30244)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.22B0496)。
文摘Weighted total least squares(WTLS)have been regarded as the standard tool for the errors-in-variables(EIV)model in which all the elements in the observation vector and the coefficient matrix are contaminated with random errors.However,in many geodetic applications,some elements are error-free and some random observations appear repeatedly in different positions in the augmented coefficient matrix.It is called the linear structured EIV(LSEIV)model.Two kinds of methods are proposed for the LSEIV model from functional and stochastic modifications.On the one hand,the functional part of the LSEIV model is modified into the errors-in-observations(EIO)model.On the other hand,the stochastic model is modified by applying the Moore-Penrose inverse of the cofactor matrix.The algorithms are derived through the Lagrange multipliers method and linear approximation.The estimation principles and iterative formula of the parameters are proven to be consistent.The first-order approximate variance-covariance matrix(VCM)of the parameters is also derived.A numerical example is given to compare the performances of our proposed three algorithms with the STLS approach.Afterwards,the least squares(LS),total least squares(TLS)and linear structured weighted total least squares(LSWTLS)solutions are compared and the accuracy evaluation formula is proven to be feasible and effective.Finally,the LSWTLS is applied to the field of deformation analysis,which yields a better result than the traditional LS and TLS estimations.
文摘Objective:To explore the application effect of structured healthcare education in patients with brittle diabetes mellitus.Methods:188 brittle diabetic patients admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and were divided into the control group(n=94)and the observation group(n=94)according to the random number table method.The control group used conventional nursing intervention and the observation group used structured healthcare education.The general information,glycemic indexes,self-efficacy,compliance,and nursing satisfaction of patients in the two groups were observed.Results:There was no statistical significance in the basic information of the two groups of patients(P>0.05);after the intervention,the fasting plasma glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,and HbA1c of the patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.001);after the intervention,the self-efficacy scores of the patients in the two groups increased,and the scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.001);the total adherence rate of the patients in the observation group(90/95.75%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(80/90.10%)(χ^(2)=6.144,P<0.05);and the total satisfaction rate of patients in the observation group(92/97.87%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(78/82.98%)(χ^(2)=12.042,P<0.05).Conclusion:In patients with brittle diabetes mellitus,structured healthcare education can effectively control patients’blood glucose levels,improve patients’self-efficacy and adherence,and enhance patient satisfaction.
基金2022 Campus-level Scientific and Technological Project of Qilu Institute of Technology"Exploring the Material Basis and Mechanism of Action of Erjing Pill in Preventing and Treating Kidney Yin Deficiency AD Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Biology"(Project No.:QIT22NN009)。
文摘Objective:To explore the intervention effect of the Structured Health Education course and 5A nursing model for self-control of elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods:Using the random sampling method,124 elderly CAD patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.The control group line routine health education,experimental group take structured health education combined with 5A nursing before and after the intervention using a coronary heart disease assessment questionnaire,coronary heart disease self-control scale evaluation of two groups of intervention,compare two groups before and after intervention blood pressure,blood sugar,body mass index,lipid index level and complications within 8 months after discharge.Results:After the course intervention,the disease cognition and self-behavior of the experimental group were higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.1).Conclusion:This course is suitable for elderly patients with coronary heart disease.The 5A model improves the cognitive and management ability of elderly patients to a certain extent,which is worthy of clinical application.
文摘The objective of the present study was to qualitatively assess the obstructive and facilitative factors affecting adolescent girls and their caregivers when the adolescent had received or was considering receiving the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination. Using these data, we propose recommendations for medical and nursing staff concerned with HPV vaccination. Participants were 20 adolescent girls (aged 10 - 19 years) and their caregivers, who had visited any of the 3 pediatric clinics in the Tokyo metropolitan area during a specified period since HPV vaccination began in Japan. The girls and their caregivers were separately interviewed by 2 child and/or family nursing care specialists with a semi-structured interview. The responses were qualitatively analyzed by 2 specialists, and the obstructive and facilitative factors affecting participants’ decision to receive HPV vaccination were extracted from the responses. Among the 20 sets of participants, 7 adolescents had completed HPV vaccination, 9 were going to receive vaccination, and 4 had not received any vaccination. The obstructive/facilitative factors related to considering or receiving HPV vaccination and actual vaccination were extracted and 4 main categories of factors were identified. Facilitators toward HPV-vaccination of daughters included clear future self-image and visions, fear Cervical Cancer (CC) and desire to escape from CC, having discussion with mothers about HPV-vaccination and CC, and to have a boyfriend. Barriers toward vaccination included the mothers’ reluctance to explain the sexual matters about HPV-vaccination to their daughters and difficulty with find the appropriate clinic or hospital to HPV-vaccination. Relevant factors about vaccination included positive family attitudes toward vaccination, having family system allowing consultation and having a public financial support for vaccination for daughters. Our conceptual model adapted from the Katz, et al. conceptual framework integrated the key barriers and facilitators as factors within each of four domains. These four domains have an important link. Especially, the environmental factors and the structural and sociocultural factors domain affect the individual adolescent and the caregiver factors domain, respectively. The results of present study suggest that medical/nursing activities centered on promoting HPV vaccination in Japan should comprehensively cover CC/vaccination/sex education in an integrated fashion, while schools and public health centers should provide opportunities for caregivers and adolescents to jointly participate in awareness education on HPV vaccination.
文摘A semi structured data extraction method to get the useful information embedded in a group of relevant web pages and store it with OEM(Object Exchange Model) is proposed. Then, the data mining method is adopted to discover schema knowledge implicit in the semi structured data. This knowledge can make users understand the information structure on the web more deeply and thourouly. At the same time, it can also provide a kind of effective schema for the querying of web information.
基金Supported by the National Natural Sciences Foun-dation of China (60233010 ,60273034 ,60403014) ,863 ProgramofChina (2002AA116010) ,973 Programof China (2002CB312002)
文摘Tree logic, inherited from ambient logic, is introduced as the formal foundation of related programming language and type systems, In this paper, we introduce recursion into such logic system, which can describe the tree data more dearly and concisely. By making a distinction between proposition and predicate, a concise semantics interpretation for our modal logic is given. We also develop a model checking algorithm for the logic without △ operator. The correctness of the algorithm is shown. Such work can be seen as the basis of the semi-structured data processing language and more flexible type system.
基金Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project,Grant/Award Number:D17007Xinxiang Major Science and Technology Projects,Grant/Award Number:21ZD001+1 种基金Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists,Grant/Award Number:GZS2022017National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51872075,51922008,52072114。
文摘Rational design of hierarchically structured electrocatalysts is particularly important for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Here,ZIF-67 crystals are stringed on core-shell Ag@C nanocables using a coordinationmodulated process.Upon pyrolysis,Ag@C strings of Co nanoparticles embedded with three-dimensional porous carbon with beads-on-string hierarchical structures are developed.Due to the advantages of the rich electrochemical active sites of Co-based“beads”and the efficient electron transfer pathways via Ag@C“strings,”the resultant NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 catalyst shows an improved electrocatalytic activity toward ORR.NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 shows a high onset potential of 0.99 V versus RHE,a high half-wave potential of 0.88 V versus RHE,and a large limiting current of 5.8 mA cm^(-2),which are better than those of commercial Pt/C electrocatalysts.Additionally,the NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 catalyst shows high stability and preeminent methanol tolerance,which makes NH_(3)-Ag@C@Co-N-C-700 a promising catalyst for oxygen electrocatalysis in fuel cell applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52102372,52162007,52163032)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M712321)the Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Research Funding Program(2021K473C).
文摘In the present paper,a microwave absorber with nanoscale gradient structure was proposed for enhancing the electromagnetic absorption performance.The inorganic-organic competitive coating strategy was employed,which can effectively adjust the thermodynamic and kinetic reactions of iron ions during the solvothermal process.As a result,Fe nanoparticles can be gradually decreased from the inner side to the surface across the hollow carbon shell.The results reveal that it offers an outstanding reflection loss value in combination with broadband wave absorption and flexible adjustment ability,which is superior to other relative graded distribution structures and satisfied with the requirements of lightweight equipment.In addition,this work elucidates the intrinsic microwave regulation mechanism of the multiscale hybrid electromagnetic wave absorber.The excellent impedance matching and moderate dielectric parameters are exhibited to be the dominative factors for the promotion of microwave absorption performance of the optimized materials.This strategy to prepare gradient-distributed microwave absorbing materials initiates a new way for designing and fabricating wave absorber with excellent impedance matching property in practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO:51803191,12072325,52103100)the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0706802)+1 种基金the 111 project(D18023)the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(202102210038).
文摘Flexible pressure sensors have attracted wide attention due to their applications to electronic skin,health monitoring,and human-machine interaction.However,the tradeoff between their high sensitivity and wide response range remains a challenge.Inspired by human skin,we select commercial silicon carbide sandpaper as a template to fabricate carbon nanotube(CNT)/polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)composite film with a hierarchical structured surface(h-CNT/PDMS)through solution blending and blade coating and then assemble the h-CNT/PDMS composite film with interdigitated electrodes and polyurethane(PU)scotch tape to obtain an h-CNT/PDMS-based flexible pressure sensor.Based on in-situ optical images and finite element analysis,the significant compressive contact effect between the hierarchical structured surface of h-CNT/PDMS and the interdigitated electrode leads to enhanced pressure sensitivity and a wider response range(0.1661 kPa^(-1),0.4574 kPa^(-1)and 0.0989 kPa^(-1)in the pressure range of 0–18 kPa,18–133 kPa and 133–300 kPa)compared with planar CNT/PDMS composite film(0.0066 kPa^(-1)in the pressure range of 0–240 kPa).The prepared pressure sensor displays rapid response/recovery time,excellent stability,durability,and stable response to different loading modes(bending and torsion).In addition,our pressure sensor can be utilized to accurately monitor and discriminate various stimuli ranging from human motions to pressure magnitude and spatial distribution.This study supplies important guidance for the fabrication of flexible pressure sensors with superior sensing performance in next-generation wearable electronic devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21925503, 21871149, 21835004, and 22075067)the Ministry of Education of China (B12015)+2 种基金Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations (CYZC202110)Hebei Natural Science Foundation (B2020201001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nankai University(020-63201046)。
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn) batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage,but their implementation is plagued by poor Zn reversibility and unsatisfactory low-temperature performance.Herein,we design a cell-nucleus structured electrolyte by introducing low-polarity 1,2-dimethoxyethane(DME) into dilute 1 M zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate(Zn(OTf)_(2)) aqueous solution,which features an OTf--rich Zn2^(+)-primary solvation sheath(PSS,inner nucleus) and the DMEmodulated Zn^(2+)-outer solvation sheath(outer layer).We find that DME additives with a low dosage do not participate in the Zn2+-PSS but reinforce the Zn-OTf-coordination,which guarantees good reaction kinetics under ultralow temperatures.Moreover,DME breaks the original H-bonding network of H2O,depressing the freezing point of electrolyte to-52.4℃.Such a cell-nucleus-solvation structure suppresses the H_(2)O-induced side reactions and forms an anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase on Zn and can be readily extended to 1,2-diethoxyethane.The as-designed electrolyte enables the Zn electrode deep cycling stability over 3500 h with a high depth-of-discharge of 51.3% and endows the Zn‖V_(2)O_(5)full battery with stable cycling over 1000 cycles at 40℃.This work would inspire the solvation structure design for low-temperature aqueous batteries.
基金The support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51971083)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(YQ 2020E007)is gratefully acknowledgedfinancially sponsored by Heilongjiang Touyan Team Program.
文摘Constructing heterojunctions and hollow multi-shelled structures can render materials with fascinating physicochemical properties,and have been regarded as two promising strategies to overcome the severe shuttling and sluggish kinetics of polysulfide in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.However,a single strategy can only take limited effect.Modulating catalytic hosts with synergistic effects are urgently desired.Herein,Mn_(3)O_(4)-MnS heterogeneous multi-shelled hollow spheres are meticulously designed by controlled sulfuration of Mn2O3 hollow spheres,and then applied as advanced encapsulation hosts for Li-S batteries.Benefiting from the separated spatial confinement by hollow multi-shelled structure,ample exposed active sites and built-in electric field by heterogeneous interface,and synergistic effects between Mn_(3)O_(4)(strong adsorption)and MnS(fast conversion)components,the assembled battery achieves prominent rate capability and decent cyclability(0.016%decay per cycle at 2 C,1000 cycles).More crucially,satisfactory areal capacity reaches up to 7.1 mAh cm^(-2)even with high sulfur loading(8.0 mg cm^(-2))and lean electrolyte(E/S=4.0 pL mg^(-1))conditions.This work will provide inspiration for the rational design of hollow multi-shelled heterostructure for various electrocatalysis applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20312,22172099,21975162,51902209)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(2020A1515010840)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(SGDX20201103095802006,RCBS20200714114819161,JCYJ20190808111801674,JCYJ20200109105803806,RCYX20200714114535052)。
文摘Earth-abundant and nontoxic Sn-based materials have been regarded as promising catalysts for the electrochemical conversion of CO_(2)to C1 products,e.g.,CO and formate.However,it is still difficult for Snbased materials to obtain satisfactory performance at low-to-moderate overpotentials.Herein,a simple and facile electrospinning technique is utilized to prepare a composite of a bimetallic Sn-Co oxide/carbon matrix with a hollow nanotube structure(Sn Co-HNT).Sn Co-HNT can maintain>90%faradaic efficiencies for C1 products within a wide potential range from-0.6 VRHE to-1.2 VRHE,and a highest 94.1%selectivity towards CO in an H-type cell.Moreover,a 91.2%faradaic efficiency with a 241.3 m A cm^(-2)partial current density for C1 products could be achieved using a flow cell.According to theoretical calculations,the fusing of Sn/Co oxides on the carbon matrix accelerates electron transfer at the atomic level,causing electron deficiency of Sn centers and reversible variation between Co^(2+)and Co^(3+)centers.The synergistic effect of the Sn/Co composition improves the electron affinity of the catalyst surface,which is conducive to the adsorption and stabilization of key intermediates and eventually increases the catalytic activity in CO_(2)electroreduction.This study could provide a new strategy for the construction of oxide-derived catalysts for CO_(2)electroreduction.
文摘Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdomen disease of the digestive system.It has a potentially fatal risk because of its variable severity and various complications.With the widespread application of the Revised Atlanta Classification,new requirements for AP imaging reports are introduced.Experts in abdominal radiology and pancreatology in the United States published the first structured computed tomography reporting template for AP in 2020.However,there is no corresponding structured magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)reporting template globally.Therefore,this article focuses on the structured MRI report of AP images from our pancreatitis imaging center,which is intended to improve the systematic understanding of this disease and standardize the writing of MRI structured reports.In the meantime,we aim to promote the clinical diagnosis and assessment of MRI efficacy for AP and its multiple complications.It is further intended to facilitate academic exchanges and scientific research between different medical centers.
基金partially supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Grant No.5722
文摘Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is one of the most widely applied wide field super resolution imaging techniques with high temporal resolution and low phototoxicity.The spatial resolution of SIM is typically limited to two times of the diffraction limit and the depth of field is small.In this work,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a low cost,easy to implement,novel technique called speckle structured illumination endoscopy(SSIE)to enhance the resolution of a wide field endoscope with large depth of field.Here,speckle patterns are used to excite objects on the sample which is then followed by a blind-SIM algorithm for super resolution image reconstruction.Our approach is insensitive to the 3D morphology of the specimen,or the deformation of illuminations used.It greatly simplifies the experimental setup as there are no calibration protocols and no stringent control of illumination patterns nor focusing optics.We demonstrate that the SSIE can enhance the resolution 2–4.5 times that of a standard white light endoscopic(WLE)system.The SSIE presents a unique route to super resolution in endoscopic imaging at wide field of view and depth of field,which might be beneficial to the practice of clinical endoscopy.