A Historical Approach on the Opportunity to Acquire Technology Development Capability in Turkish Automobile Industry

Turkey has given importance to the development of the automobile industry since the Ottoman period.While the Ottomans,who were aware of the development process of the automobile industry in the world,provided transportation by horse-drawn carriage,they thought of importing automobiles for the Sultan and high-level bureaucrats in an effort to switch to automobile transportation.However,after the proclamation of the Republic,automobile production started,just like airplanes.While a factory was established for the production of a domestic aircraft,the first automobile production facility was established in Istanbul in 1929 by the American Ford company.This factory was closed after a short time due to the world economic crisis.After the activities of the Kayseri Aircraft Factory,which lasted until 1948,came to an end,this time,Revolution car prototypes could be manufactured completely domestically in 1961.After the project,which did not go into mass production,the KoçGroup started to produce the domestically-made Anadol car with technology transfer from multiple sources in 1967,but the production of Anadol continued until 1984.In 1971,Renault cars started to be produced under the French Renault license,and TOFAŞcars under the Italian FIAT license.Towards the end of the 1970s,creative imitation applications were made in TOFAŞcars with the bird series.In the 1990s,the production of Japanese Honda and Toyota and South Korean Hyundai cars started.In 2011,the idea of producing a domestic automobile emerged,the Devrim automobile was taken as an example in this project,the first Togg prototype was manufactured with technology transfer from multiple sources in December 2018,and it was announced that mass production would begin in March 2023.The 12-year period from 2011 to 2023 is too long for the creation of a domestic automobile.It has been understood that this long process has been passed in order to regain the pre-1980 level of technological ability.However,the most important thing is the transition from the creative imitation stage to the innovation stage.Our wish is that this process can be shortened with phase skipping approaches.

A dynamic regulation of nitrogen on floret primordia development in wheat

Nitrogen(N)fertilization is critical for spike and floret development,which affects the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,the physiological regulation of the floret development process by N fertilization is largely unknown.A high temporal-resolution investigation of floret primordia number and morphology,dry matter,and N availability was conducted under three N fertilization levels:0(N0),120(N1)and 240(N2)kg ha^(−1).Interestingly,fertile florets at anthesis stage were determined by those floret primordia with meiotic ability at booting stage:meiotic ability was a threshold that predicted whether a floret primordium became fertile or abortive florets.Because the developmental rate of the 4th floret primordium in the central spikelet was accelerated and then they acquired meiotic ability,the NFFs increased gradually as N application increased,but the increase range decreased under N2.There were no differences in spike N concentration among treatments,but leaf N concentration was increased in the N1 and N2 treatments.Correspondingly,dry matter accumulation and N content of the leaf and spike in the N1 and N2 treatments was increased as compared to N0.Clearly,optimal N fertilization increased leaf N availability and transport of assimilates to spikes,and allowed more floret primordia to acquire meiotic ability and become fertile florets,finally increasing NFFs.There was no difference in leaf N concentration between N1 and N2 treatment,whereas soil N concentration at 0–60 cm soil layers was higher in N2 than in N1 treatment,implying that there was still some N fertilization that remained unused.Therefore,improving the leaf’s ability to further use N fertilizer is vital for greater NFFs.

Research on the Ability of Regional Industrial Sustainable Development

In this paper, firstly, we construct the regional industrial sustainable development indicator system which are consist with resource, environment, technology and industrial economy efficiency levels and 16 indicators from the perspective of “two-oriented society”;Secondly, using the method of AHP to determine the weight of each indicator and evaluate the ability of industrial sustainable development of 30 regions in China;Finally, according to the results, we used the method of cluster analysis to put the regions into classification and then author put forward certain suggestions to improve the ability of industrial sustainable development of each region.

Career Development Ability:A New Orientation of Professional Degree Postgraduate Training Concept

Positioning the concept of the professional degree postgraduate cultivation with"professional development abilities"conforms to the essence of the professional degree postgraduate cultivation,clarifies the main body of the professional development,deepens the connotation of the professional degree postgraduate cultivation,and highlights the training objectives of the high-level applied talents.The cultivation of the"career development ability"should be based on the"professional knowledge and scientific research abilities",with the"problem solving ability"as the core,and should be deeply integrated with the industry.

Embryonic skeleton development and neonatal learning and memory ability of rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium: Differences of administration occasion and time

BACKGROUND: Generally speaking, anesthesia is often used in gravid body and it has been already proved that many kind of medicine can result in malformation. OBJECTIVE: To explore embryonic skeleton development and neonatal learning and memory of rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium in gravid rats. DESIGN: A randomized control trial. SETTING: Laboratory Animal Center of Xuzhou Medical College. MATERIALS: A total of 80 adult female SD rats, of clean grade and weighing 220-240 g, were selected in this study. The main reagents were detailed as follows: pentobarbital sodium (Shanghai Xingzhi Chemical Plant, batch number: 921019); MG-2 maze test apparatus (Zhangjiagang Biomedical Instrument Factory); somatotype microscope (Beijing Taike Instrument Co., Ltd.). METHODS: ① A total of 160 SD rats of half males and females were selected in this study. All rats were copulated. The day that the plug was checked out in the vagina next day was looked as the first day of pregnancy. Gravid rats were divided randomly into four groups, including early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group with 20 in each group. Rats in the early anesthesia group were injected with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 7th day of pregnancy for once; rats in the second anesthesia group were anesthetized with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 7th and the 14th days of pregnancy for once; rats in the late anesthesia group were anesthetized with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 14th day of pregnancy for once; rats in the control group did not treat with anything. The time of anesthetizing was controlled in 3 to 4 hours and ether was absorbed while the time was not enough. ② Half of each group was sacrificed on day 20th of pregnancy and the fetus was taken out to be stained with alizarin red S. After stained, the fetal skeleton was examined. The learning and memorizing of one-month rats that were given birth by the rest gravid rats were tested through electric mare method. Determine their study ability according to their correct rate of 90% or above of arrival at the safe area in 20 s. After they finally learned to arrive at the safe area correctly, test them once more in 24 hours and record the correct rate of 15 times. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The rate of malformation in fetus and ability of learning and memory in one-month rats. RESULTS: A total of 80 female rats were anesthetized in this experiment. Totally 490 immature rats were tested with maze testing machine and 196 fetuses were stained with alizarin red S to observe the development of their skeleton. However, one of the 80 female rats was led to death because of overdose. ① Malformation experiment: Learning ability of second anesthesia group was evidently different from the control group while the other two groups were not in the electric mare method. The fetal skeleton malformation rate of three experimental groups was 87.0%, 60.9% and 17.9%, respectively, while it was 5.6% in the control group. ② Electric mare method: Times of rats which arrived at the safe regions were respectively 49.0±31.0, 68.0±35.0, 47.0±31.0 and 44.0±21.0 in early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group; and then, there was significant difference between the second anesthesia group and the control group (P < 0.05). Exact rates of memory of rats were respectively (64.36±14.35)%, (62.15±18.33)%, (54.19±12.28)% and (68.24±15.91)% in early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group; and then, there were no significant differences as compared with the control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The influence of anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium is obvious in fetal skeleton development and learning and memory ability.

The Composition and Promotion Strategy of Teachers'Curriculum Development Ability in Secondary Vocational Schools

The curriculum development ability of secondary vocational school teachers is a necessary professional ability for teachers.It has important practical significance and practical value for promoting secondary vocational education curriculum and teaching reform.On the basis of analyzing the connotation and composition of curriculum development ability of teachers in secondary vocational schools,this article proposes three strategies to improve the curriculum development ability of teachers in secondary vocational schools.

Countermeasures on Elevating Self-development Ability of Western Rural Areas on the Basis of Visual Threshold of Human Capital

The thesis underscores the significant role of human capital in elevating rural self-development ability.The investment of human capital is making great contribution to western rural economic growth,and it plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the socio-economic development prominently.The characteristics of human resources development in western rural areas for the moment are analyzed as follows:the employment structure is simple;the structure of human resources is irrational;the shortage of human resources aggregate is accompanied by the critical phenomenon of idling;the human resources drain badly;there is low input and low output of talents.The thesis also propounds the fundamental approaches in order to elevating self-development ability of western rural areas:we should practise and implement National Medium and Long-term Planning of Talents Development and lay down as soon as possible the detailed matching policies and measures based on the reality of western rural areas;we should develop the education in western rural areas vigorously,and formulate the developmental strategies of bridging "knowledge gap";we should establish sound rural human resources development system,and reinforce the degree of training returning-home migrant workers;we should adjust the structure of human investment timely as needed,and strengthen the degree of human capital investment conspicuously.

Impact of Rural Basic Human Capital Investment on Regional Development Ability

From the perspective of human resources development and regional economic cooperation,this paper expounds the basic conditions for socio-economic transformation and development in underdeveloped rural areas,and the ways to acquire basic human capital.On the basis of this,this paper further analyses the regional competitiveness difference arising from human capital difference,and proposes that we should solve this problem through sufficient supply of rural compulsory education.

How to develop students’ ability of reading comprehension

本文就如何培养学生的恶阅读理解能力提出两种方法 :一是课内三种层次的阅读理解 ;二是扩大词汇量。文章还对两个问题提出了具体的教学步骤。

对标高等教育强国:我国高等教育系统关键指标的国际对比分析

对标世界高等教育强国,可以从发展水平和贡献能力两个方面来把握我国高等教育系统的发展状况。在发展水平方面,从体量规模、经费投入、师资队伍、国际化四个维度选择了十个关键指标进行国际对比分析;在贡献能力方面,从教育机会获得、满足社会发展需要、促进科技创新发展三个维度选择了七个关键指标进行国际对比分析。结果表明,改革开放以来,我国高等教育发展取得了一些成就,但是仍存在诸多问题,只有客观认识成就、准确研判问题,才能找到未来建设教育强国的发力点和突破点。

规则计议影响下我国冰上舞蹈艺术性的提升策略

北京冬奥会上,我国冰上舞蹈项目取得第12名的历史最好成绩,但随着不久之后国际冰联对于花样滑冰项目规则进行的整体改革,我国在冰上舞蹈分项上也面临新的适应性考验。通过对比北京冬奥会我国冰上舞蹈组合王诗玥/柳鑫宇与前三名组合的成绩及具体评分情况,发现我国冰上舞蹈项目同世界顶尖水平存在一定的差距,且差距主要集中于技术动作完成的质量方面,这提示我们应从提升冰上舞蹈艺术性方面找补差距。对此,提出重视冰上舞蹈发展,提高项目扶持力度;把握表演整体性,重点加强编排质量;以完善步法为主,提升动作的艺术性;紧跟项目规则改革,找准评价的侧重点等策略。以期通过加深对于项目特征和艺术表达的理解,提高我国冰上舞蹈项目的综合竞技实力,争取在未来的国际比赛中取得更大的突破。

区域医联体医院ICU护士核心能力现状及影响因素研究

目的调查区域医联体医院ICU护士核心能力,并分析其影响因素,为制定针对性的措施提高医联体内ICU护士核心能力提供参考。方法采用整群抽样方法纳入黄冈地区医联体内19所医院的285名ICU护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、护士职业获益感量表、ICU护士核心能力调查表进行调查。结果ICU护士核心能力总分为(258.79±65.11)分,条目均分(3.50±0.88)分,其中临床实践能力维度条目均分最高(3.70±0.92),专业发展能力维度条目均分最低(3.28±0.95);职业获益感总分为(53.75±10.86)分。医院等级、职称、参加过ICU专科培训、获得ICU专科护士证书、工作保障、工作价值是区域医联体医院ICU护士核心能力的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论医联体医院ICU护士核心能力处于中等水平,需开展ICU专科培训及提高职业获益感,从而提高其核心能力。

区域创新发展能力评价与空间差异测度

区域创新发展能力是区域经济在发展过程中获取竞争优势的重要影响因素,文章从区域创新发展规模、区域创新发展条件、区域创新发展活力、区域创新发展环境四个子系统筛选出20个可观测指标构建区域创新发展能力评价指标体系,应用面板数据熵权法对我国31个省份2014—2019年创新发展能力进行综合评价,利用泰尔指数和莫兰指数对创新发展能力空间差异特征进行分析,并为区域创新发展能力实现协同发展提供参考。

基于多重能力培养的线上线下混合式一流课程建设与实践——以国家级一流课物流管理学为例

我国物流业的飞速发展和科学技术的不断进步,对物流相关专业学生所具备的能力提出了新的要求。以物流管理国家级一流专业开设的国家级一流课物流管理学为例,从培养学生多种能力的视角,提出“一体两翼三贯通”的线上线下混合式课程的建设思路。课前学生线上自主学习、课中教师线下教学、课后学生线上拓展学习,力争运用线上线下混合式的教学模式,以及各种教学手段的结合,提升学生的专业能力、自学能力、双创能力等综合能力,以满足国家和社会对物流人才的需求。

湖北省科技创新水平分析与对策建议——基于《中国区域科技创新评价报告2022》

科技创新是推动区域经济增长、提升核心竞争力的关键因素。在《中国区域科技创新评价报告2022》基础上,对湖北省的科技创新现状进行系统梳理与分析,并提出具有针对性的对策建议。经分析可知,湖北省在区域科技创新方面,既呈现出科技创新软环境持续优化、研发投入强度居中部第一、科技活动产出快速增长等发展亮点,也存在基础研究投入不足、高新技术产业化效果不佳、科技支撑社会发展效果不优等问题。基于此,从3个方面提出对策措施:一是要采取多种措施加大基础研究投入,二是要提高高新技术产业化水平和效益,三是要充分发挥科技创新在经济社会高质量发展中的赋能作用。

社团活动对提升大学生综合素质的作用

随着社会的快速发展,大学生综合素质越来越受到重视。社团活动作为提升大学生综合素质的重要途径之一,对大学生的成长和发展起到了极为重要的作用。探讨大学社团活动对大学生学术素质、人际交往能力、个人发展、职业发展、领导力和组织能力产生的影响。