Plant-based dietary patterns and risk of esophageal cancer:A prospective cohort study spanning 17 years

Objective: Plant-based diets have multiple health benefits for cancers;however, little is known about the association between plant-based dietary patterns and esophageal cancer(EC).This study presents an investigation of the prospective associations among three predefined indices of plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of EC.Methods: We performed endoscopic screening for 15,709 participants aged 40-69 years from two high-risk areas of China from January 2005 to December 2009 and followed the cohort until December 31, 2022. The overall plant-based diet index(PDI), healthful plant-based diet index(h PDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index(u PDI), were calculated using survey responses to assess dietary patterns. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate the multivariable hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(95% CIs) of EC across 3plant-based diet indices and further stratified the analysis by subgroups.Results: The final study sample included 15,184 participants in the cohort. During a follow-up of 219,365person-years, 176 patients with EC were identified. When the highest quartile was compared with the lowest quartile, the pooled multivariable-adjusted HR of EC was 0.50(95% CI, 0.32-0.77) for h PDI. In addition, the HR per 10-point increase in the h PDI score was 0.42(95% CI, 0.27-0.66) for ECs. Conversely, u PDI was positively associated with the risk of EC, and the HR was 1.80(95% CI, 1.16-2.82). The HR per 10-point increase in the u PDI score was 1.90(95% CI, 1.26-2.88) for ECs. The associations between these scores and the risk of EC were consistent in most subgroups. These results remained robust in sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: A healthy plant-based dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of EC. Emphasizing the healthiness and quality of plant-based diets may be important for preventing the development of EC.

Quantifying the natural growth rate of hepatocellular carcinoma:A real-world retrospective study in southwestern China

BACKGROUND In recent years,approximately half of the newly diagnosed cases and mortalities attributed to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been reported in China.Despite the high incidence of HCC,there remains a paucity of data regarding the natural growth pattern and the determination of optimal surveillance intervals specific to the Chinese population.AIM To quantify the natural tumor growth pattern of HCC in regional China.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on patients from a single institution in Southwest China who had undergone two or more serial dynamic computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans between 2014 and 2020,without having received any anti-cancer therapy.Tumor growth was assessed using tumor volume doubling time(TVDT)and tumor growth rate(TGR),with volumes measured manually by experienced radiologists.Simple univariate linear regression and descriptive analysis were applied to explore associations between growth rates and clinical factors.RESULTS This study identifies the median TVDT for HCC as 163.4 d,interquartile range(IQR)72.1 to 302.3 d,with a daily TGR of 0.42%(IQR 0.206%-0.97%).HCC growth patterns reveal that about one-third of tumors grow indolently with TVDT exceeding 270 d,another one-third of tumors exhibit rapid growth with TVDT under 90 d,and the remaining tumors show intermediate growth rates,with TVDT ranging between 3 to 9 months.CONCLUSION The identified TGRs support biannual surveillance and follow-up for HCC patients in certain regions of China.Given the observed heterogeneity in HCC growth,further investigation is warranted.

The Organizational Patterns of English and Chinese Texts:A Contrastive Study

Thispapercontrastivelystudies,basedonthetheoreticframeworkof'topicanalysis'byvanDijkandsomeothers,theunderlyingarrangementpatternsoftopicsofEnglishandChinesetexts.TheoverallobjectiveistoexaminethediscoursepatternsofarepresentativesampleofEnglishandCh...

Nutrient patterns and risk of cataract：a case-control study

AIM：To assess the relation between nutrient patterns and cataract risk.METHODS：This is a hospital-based case-control study with 97 cataract patients and 198 matched controls.Dietary consumption was collected through a valid food frequency questionnaire（FFQ）.Nutrient patterns were detected by applying factor analysis.Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio（ORs） and 95%CIs.RESULTS：We extracted 5 main nutrient patterns.Factor 1 included niacin,thiamin,carbohydrates,protein,zinc,vitamin B6 and sodium（sodium pattern）.Factor 2 was characterized by oleic acid,monounsaturated fats,polyunsaturated fats,linoleic acid,trans fatty acid,linolenic acid,vitamin E and saturated fats（fatty acid pattern）.The third factor represented high intake of vitamin B12,vitamin D,cholesterol and calcium（mixed pattern）.The 4^（th） pattern was high in intake of beta and alpha carotene,vitamin A and vitamin C（antioxidant pattern）.Finally,the 5^（th） pattern loaded heavily on docosahexaenoic acid（DHA） and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）（omega-3 pattern）.In crude and multivariate analysis,the sodium pattern was associated with increased risk of cataract（OR=1.97,95%CI：1.09-3.96）.The fatty acid pattern elevated the risk of cataract（OR=1.94,95%CI：1.1-3.86）.Antioxidant pattern was associated with a significant 79% reduced risk（2^（nd） category compared with the 1st）.Omega-3 pattern was significantly negatively associated with risk of cataract（P=0.04）.CONCLUSION：These findings imply that nutrient patterns reflecting a combined consumption of nutrients might be important in the etiology of cataract.Additional studies with more efficient designs are warranted to confirm our findings.

Changes in cortical activation patterns accompanying somatosensory recovery in a stroke patient: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

The somatosensory system plays a crucial role in executing precise movements by providing sensory feedback （Farrer et al., 2003; Rabin and Gordon, 2004）. Somatosensory dys- function is a common problem following stroke. In partic- ular, somatosensory impairments, such as impairment in touch, proprioception, light touch, and vibration have been frequently observed （Carey et al., 1993; Sullivan and Hed- man, 2008; Tyson et al., 2008）. Patients with somatosensory dysfunction show negative effects on motor control, and it sometimes becomes difficult to perform daily activities independently.

A study on zooplankton distribution patterns and indicator species in Kuroshio upstream area and adjacent East China Sea

On the basis of the data of zooplankton biomass and three major taxa—— Copepoda, Chaetognatha andSiphonophora of May-June 1986, July-August and December 1987, the distributional patterns and the indicator species of zooplankton in the Kuroshio and adjacent waters of the East China Sea are preliminarily studied. The results are as follows:The horizontal distribution of zooplankton biomass and the abundance of copepods, chaetognaths and siphonophores arecurred in the continent area northwest of Taiwan and the south-centre section of the East China Sea continent, which are the mix front of different waters. Zooplankton in the water area inside of Ryukyu Islands presented low abundance and high diversity. There are clear seasonal variations in zooplankton biomass and abundance in the study area. The strength or weakness of different water masses and fronts is the basic reason for the variations of zooplankton biomass and abundance.The species composition of zooplankton in the study area is complex and varies, however, the tropic oceanic species predominates overwhelmingly. The distribution of different ecotype species evidences the distribution of different water masses and the state of mixture. The indicator species of each water mass are listed in the paper so as to provide grounds for the variation of currents in the Kuroshio area.The temperature and salinity of sea water are important factors affecting zooplankton distribution, composition and diversity , however the role of salinity is major. With the replacement of one season by another, the correlative levels of temperature and salinity to various zooplankton taxa are more or less significant.

The brain activation pattern of the medial temporal lobe during chewing gum: a functional MRI study

The human brain is known to be influenced by environmental stimuli（Feeney et al.,1982;Kaplan,1988）.Therefore,research on the brain activation pattern by external stimuli has been an important topic in neuroscience（Kaplan,1988）.Chewing gum has been known to have a positive effect on cognition,including alertness,attention,cognitive processing speed,

Modeling study on the flow patterns of gas–liquid flow for fast decarburization during the RH process

A water model and a high-speed video camera were utilized in the 300-t RH equipment to study the effect of steel flow patterns in a vacuum chamber on fast decarburization and a superior flow-pattern map was obtained during the practical RH process. There are three flow patterns with different bubbling characteristics and steel surface states in the vacuum chamber： boiling pattern（BP）, transition pattern（TP）, and wave pattern（WP）. The effect of the liquid-steel level and the residence time of the steel in the chamber on flow patterns and decarburization reaction were investigated, respectively. The liquid-steel level significantly affected the flow-pattern transition from BP to WP, and the residence time and reaction area were crucial to evaluate the whole decarburization process rather than the circulation flow rate and mixing time. A superior flow-pattern map during the practical RH process showed that the steel flow pattern changed from BP to TP quickly, and then remained as TP until the end of decarburization.

Study on the Diffraction Patterns of α"-Fe_(16)N_2 with Jack-1 and Jack-2 Structural Parameters

Two body centered tetragonal (bet) crystal structures of α'-Fe_(16)N_2 with x=0.25, z=0.3125 (Jack-1) and x=0.222, z=0.306 (Jack-2) respectively, were analyzed theoretically with EMS software package. The simulation of diffraction patterns indicates that both diffraction patterns of the same axis in these two structures obey bcc extinction rule. The conclusion is also obtained from the analyses of the diffracted waves. α'-Fe_(16)N_2 precipitates in the diffusion layer of ion-nitrided α-iron have been studied with transmission electron microscope (TEM). We have distinctly observed the electron diffraction patterns of α'-Fe_(16)N_2 in [100], [111], [110], [011], [210], [021], [311], [113], [331] and [133] zone axes with perfect symmetry, which indicate the parallel orientation relationship with α matrix:<001>α'//<001>α'// {100}.α'// {100}ｔα. The analyses of diffraction patterns, which obey bcc extinction rule, verify the bct structure of α'-Fe_(16)N_2 discovered by X-ray diffraction.

Comparative Study on Physical Fitness Test Models of Chinese, Japanese and American Students

The physical health of adolescents is related to the future of the nation and the competitiveness of the country.Through a comparative analysis of the backgrounds,organizations,testing programs and evolution processes of physical health tests in China,Japan and the United States,the three countries are explored.The development trends and problems of student physical fitness tests,find the differences,learn about the research results and experiences of physical fitness tests in Japan and the United States,draw on Japanese and American management models and successful cases,and propose some methods to optimize and improve China's physical fitness test models.It is recommended to make full use of the existing resources to promote the improvement of students'physical fitness.

Use of Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) for Study of Dietary Pattern in Urban and Rural Residents of Jiangsu

Objective To make retrospective assessment of the quality of diet in the urban and rural residents of Jiangsu province, China, during the 1990′s and a prospective study of the dietary pattern in the year of 2010 with desirable dietary pattern (DDP). Methods The calorie intake was calculated according to the method of balanced diet and the dietary pattern was assessed in terms of DDP score. Results Retrospective study revealed that the DDP score of cereals was decreased and that of animal foods increased remarkably in both the urban and rural residents during the decade. Prospective study showed that the readjustment of dietary structure for the urban residents should be focused on preventing the drop of cereal consumption and further lowering the intake of pork. Promotion of soybean and milk consumption to great extents will be needed to improve the quality of diet for both urban and rural residents of Jiangsu in the future. Conclusion It was illustrated that DDP is feasible for retrospective and prospective studies on dietary pattern as it is simple in calculation, its results are easy to understand and of practical significance to the masses and health workers.

Study on a new grain-cash cropping pattern in paddy field

We studied a new grain-cash cropping pattern composed of "barley/watermelon + waize-rice", comparing with "barley / watermelon-rice" (CKI), "watermelon-rice", (CK2). The experiment was conducted in CNRRI’s field for 3 yr, employing completely randomized design with three replications, and each plot occupied 207 m~2. The soil in the experiment field contained: N, 2.48 g. kg, quick effective P 4 mg. kg, and quick effective K 53 mg·kg. The varieties tested were Zhemai 2 (barley), Zhemi 1 (watermelon), Suyu 1 (maize), and Shanyou 63 (hybrid rice).

Lung Function Impairment among Gasoline Attendants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Occupational health is an important consideration, especially for people that work in an environment with pollutants. Gasoline attendants are individuals that work in filling stations. They are constantly exposed to gasoline fumes and automobile engine products from vehicle exhaust. This increases the risk of acute and chronic respiratory diseases and carcinogenesis among them. The risk of health complications tends to increase with the duration of exposure. The study aimed to determine the proportion of gasoline attendants with lung function impairment. Methods and Materials: Two hundred and eight eligible participants were recruited for this study. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in Esan West local government area of Edo state, Nigeria. The study was carried out for a period of six months from December 2015 to May 2016. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographic characteristics, work history, mode of exposure and duration of exposure to petrol fumes. Lung function was assessed using a DTspiro spirometer (Model POP 10. Serial no 110843-005);also the anthropometric parameters of the respondent were measured. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 20.0. Frequency and percentages were used to present categorical data. The mean and standard deviation of continuous variables were calculated and compared using the student’s t-test. The criteria of significant association were assumed for a p-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of one hundred and forty petrol pump attendants and one hundred and forty controls participated in this study. The mean age for petrol pump attendants was 24 ± 3.1 years and 23 ± 2.8 years for the control group. There were no significant differences in the gender distribution and anthropometric parameters as observed in this study. The lung impairment pattern observed in this study was obstructive in twelve (8.6%) gasoline pump attendants and restrictive pattern in thirty-nine (27.9%) gasoline pump attendants, while only four (2.9%) had an obstructive pattern and twelve (8.6%) had a restrictive pattern of lung impairment among the control group. This implies that a restrictive pattern was predominant. This study also observed that there was an increase in the number of gasoline pump attendants with declined lung function compared to the control group. Conclusion: Restrictive pattern of lung impairment was more predominant than the obstructive pattern among gasoline pump attendants. As a result, public health interventions should be instituted among these individuals, especially in developing countries.

Lung Function Impairment among Gasoline Attendants: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Occupational health is an important consideration, especially for people that work in an environment with pollutants. Gasoline attendants are individuals that work in filling stations. They are constantly exposed to gasoline fumes and automobile engine products from vehicle exhaust. This increases the risk of acute and chronic respiratory diseases and carcinogenesis among them. The risk of health complications tends to increase with the duration of exposure. The study aimed to determine the proportion of gasoline attendants with lung function impairment. Methods and Materials: Two hundred and eight eligible participants were recruited for this study. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in Esan West local government area of Edo state, Nigeria. The study was carried out for a period of six months from December 2015 to May 2016. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographic characteristics, work history, mode of exposure and duration of exposure to petrol fumes. Lung function was assessed using a DTspiro spirometer (Model POP 10. Serial no 110843-005);also the anthropometric parameters of the respondent were measured. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 20.0. Frequency and percentages were used to present categorical data. The mean and standard deviation of continuous variables were calculated and compared using the student’s t-test. The criteria of significant association were assumed for a p-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of one hundred and forty petrol pump attendants and one hundred and forty controls participated in this study. The mean age for petrol pump attendants was 24 ± 3.1 years and 23 ± 2.8 years for the control group. There were no significant differences in the gender distribution and anthropometric parameters as observed in this study. The lung impairment pattern observed in this study was obstructive in twelve (8.6%) gasoline pump attendants and restrictive pattern in thirty-nine (27.9%) gasoline pump attendants, while only four (2.9%) had an obstructive pattern and twelve (8.6%) had a restrictive pattern of lung impairment among the control group. This implies that a restrictive pattern was predominant. This study also observed that there was an increase in the number of gasoline pump attendants with declined lung function compared to the control group. Conclusion: Restrictive pattern of lung impairment was more predominant than the obstructive pattern among gasoline pump attendants. As a result, public health interventions should be instituted among these individuals, especially in developing countries.

GAN与Diffusion在传统纹样设计中的实验研究

传统纹样是中国优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,传统人工设计已经无法满足纹样的现代设计需求,生成式AI为传统纹样设计提供了新的设计路径和方法。文章将生成式AI应用于传统纹样设计中,通过适配实验优选基于GAN的Style GAN和基于Diffusion的Stable Diffusion两种主流图像生成模型进行实验,采用技术分析与艺术分析相结合,对实验结果进行多角度、多维度对比分析,为设计师选择生成设计方法提供参照。实验结果表明,两个模型均能满足基本的艺术设计需求。Style GAN模型生成的纹样图像更接近真实图像的分布,具有更高的图像质量和多样性;Stable Diffusion模型能较好地传承传统纹样的基因,艺术性与创造性兼具,更加符合传统纹样的艺术设计需求。

熄风化痰止眩汤联合悬灸治疗风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕的临床研究

目的探讨熄风化痰止眩汤联合悬灸对风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕患者的治疗效果。方法选取2020年5月-2023年5月江阴市中医院脑病科中医收治的81例风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为3组,各27例。其中中药组患者服用熄风化痰止眩汤,悬灸组患者采用悬灸治疗,联合组患者采用熄风化痰止眩汤及悬灸联合治疗。各组治疗周期为4周,比较2组患者的临床疗效、眩晕症状评分[Berg平衡表(BBS)评分、眩晕评估评分量表(DARS)]、脑血流速度[椎基底动脉(BA)、左椎动脉(LVA)和右椎动脉(RVA)]、中医症状积分。结果3组患者治疗后的各指标均优于治疗前。联合组的总有效率为92.60%(25/27),中药组为70.37%(19/27),悬灸组为74.07%(20/27),联合组的疗效明显优于中药组和悬灸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组的BBS评分明显高于中药组和悬灸组,而DARS评分显著低于中药组和悬灸组(P<0.05);联合组BA、LVA、RVA明显高于中药组和悬灸组(P<0.05);中医症状积分在联合组明显低于中药组和悬灸组(P<0.05)。结论熄风化痰止眩汤联合悬灸治疗风痰上扰型后循环缺血性眩晕患者,可显著提高治疗效果,改善患者后循环血流和眩晕症状,具有明显优势。

生成式AI在民族纹样设计中的实验研究

基于生成式人工智能(AI)的民族纹样设计实验研究,旨在为艺术设计师拓展纹样设计方法,促进纹样艺术的传承与发展。优选Stable Diffusion和触手AI两种AI生成技术进行实验与比较,采用定性与定量相结合的分析方法对实验结果进行综合评价。实验结果表明,Stable Diffusion生成的纹样能较好地传承民族纹样的基因,艺术性与创造性兼具,符合民族纹样的艺术设计需求,但图像质量较低;触手AI生成的纹样创新性较好、图像质量高,但容易偏离原始纹样,不能满足艺术设计的内容需求。实验有助于生成式AI深度应用在民族纹样等传统纹样设计中,推动传统纹样的现代设计转化。

鲤鱼洲取水口工程进水流态改善试验研究

以珠江三角洲水资源配置工程鲤鱼洲取水工程为例,建立水力物理模型对取水河段的水力特性、取水口的进水流态进行深入研究。试验显示,取水口设计方案存在因弯道水流、汊道水流及侧向引水等导致的进水流态不良问题,综合取水河段河势、取水口地形特征,提出基于优化进水角度及进水导墙体型、适应取水水域岸线形态的水流调控技术,可有效调整取水口水流分布,改善回流等不良流态,提高取水效率。

我国城市成年居民早餐食物种类调查

目的:分析我国城市居民早餐食物食用情况及影响因素,为相关部门及供餐企业指导、改善居民早餐状况提供科学参考。方法:问卷调查早餐食物摄入和人口、社会经济学等相关信息。共纳入31省、自治区、直辖市城市居民10444人。应用SAS 9.4软件进行统计分析,并采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析早餐是否营养充足的影响因素。结果:10444名城市成年居民在调查期间早餐食用比例最高的食物是谷薯类(89.4%),其次是肉蛋类(53.9%)、奶豆坚果类(49.3%),最低的是蔬菜水果(42.2%)。分别有26.5%、28.8%、28.2%、16.5%的调查对象早餐的食物种类为1类、2类、3类、4类。不同城市、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭人均年收入之间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,一线及新一线城市、女性、30岁~、40岁~、50~80岁、家庭人均年收入≥7万元的调查对象早餐营养充足(早餐食物种类达到四类)的可能性更高。结论:我国居民早餐膳食不够均衡,早餐质量还有待提高。需要个人-供餐企业-相关部门等共同努力,达到均衡膳食、合理营养的目标。

城市绿色空间研究进展与展望

随着中国城镇化、现代化进程的加快,城市人口逐渐增加,生态环境压力及土地利用压力逐渐涌现,如何使城市绿色空间用地有效利用并发挥其重要生态效益是未来发展的重要方向。城市绿色空间作为城市存量空间的重要组成部分,对改善城市生态环境发挥重要作用。在综合分析梳理城市绿色空间理论基础上,从城市景观生态格局和公共健康两大关键问题出发,通过CiteSpace文献计量软件分析,系统梳理了城市绿色空间的应用研究情况。现有理论和技术方法不足表现为未能充分实现多学科融合,与数字技术景观等前沿涉及较少。最后提出未来研究应从空间规划、数字技术及定量研究深入展开,完善绿色空间评价体系。