On the Subjectivity of the Translator in Literary Translation-A Comparative Study of Two Chinese Versions of The Story of an Hour

The Story of an Hour was published in 1894 and it is the best one in Chopin's short stories.Translation versions of The Story of an Hour by Shen Dan,Jin Li and Zhang Qiang are analysed and compared in this paper in order to show that the subjectivity of the translators is very important and has great influence on the translation version.

A Comparative Study of Five Versions of Wen Liu Shijiu from the Perspective of Translator’s Subjectivity

In the study of translation history,it is observed that the academic position of translators has been changing.With the Cultural Turn in translation studies,the significance of translator’s subjectivity has been revalued.This paper compares and analyzes five English versions of Bai Juyi’s Asking Liu Shijiu from the view of translator’s subjectivity,probing into its manifestations at both the macro and micro level of rhyme,image,and effect of expression of the poem.

EFFECT OF ADDED DIETARY CALCIUM ON ESOPHAGEAL EPITHELIAL-CELL PROLIFERATION IN SUBJECTS AT HIGH RISK FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: A DOUBLE-BLIND INTER-VENTION STUDY

A randomized double-blind intervention trial was carried determine whether oral calcium supplementation could lower the proliferation of epithelial cells of the esophagus. 41 subjects identified with precancerous lesions by histopathology were randomized to receive oral supplementation of their conventional diets with 0.6 g of calcium as calcium carbonate or placebo. Both at the entry to the study and at the end of the treatment, seven months later, the subjects were examined, with an emphasis on the frequency and distribution of proliferating epithelial cells of the esophagus. Patterns of cell proliferation was defined by dividing the esophageal epithelium into cell columns oriented perpendicularly to the basal cell layer and by comparing the numbers and fractions of tritiated thymidine-labeled epithelial cells in the various cell columns and cell compartments.Before dietary supplementation with calcium, the profile of proliferating epithelial cells in the esophageal compartments in calcium group is similar to that in the placebo group, which is comparable to that previously observed in subjects with high risk for esophageal cancer. Seven months after supplementation having been started, in calcium group, proliferation was significantly reduced and the profile of the esophageal columns approached to that previously observed in subjects at low risk for esophageal cancer, however, in the placebo group, the proliferation and profile maintain at the same level as that before supplementation. Our findings indicate that oral calcium supplementation induces a more quiescent equilibrium in epithelial-cell proliferation in the esophageal mucosa of the subjects at high-risk for esophageal cancer, similar to that observed in subjects at low risk.

A Comparative Study of Nature's Subjectivity in Walden and Tang Poems

Thoreau's Walden and Chinese Tang Poems both attach great importance to nature,devoting large paragraphs to the depiction of it.The significance of this phenomenon is discussed in this paper.Based on the method of close reading and comparative study,it is found that nature,portrayed by Thoreau and Tang poets share one important character,that is,nature assumes subjectivity as an individual being.

A Contrastive Study on the C-E Translation of the Verb of Perception zhijian from the Perspective of Subjective Consciousness and Objective Consciousness

Verbs of perception include sight,hearing,smell,taste and touch,of which zhijian belongs to sight is very common in literary works,and its semantic meaning also begins to change with the development of time.Based on the original text and two translated versions of the Water Margin,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the translation strategies of zhijian on the basis that Chinese emphasizes subjective consciousness and the mixed consciousness of subjectivity and objectivity,while English stresses objective consciousness with a clear boundary between subjectivity and objectivity.According to previous studies,this paper regroups the appearance of zhijian and divides it into two categories,namely zhijian at the beginning of a sentence and at the beginning of a minor sentence.On the basis of the context and the changing function of zhijian,that is,the function of being a verb and being a discourse marker,it can be concluded that as the meaning of a verb,the real action,the meaning of zhijian is expressed by“seeing”,so translators usually adopt literal translation;while as a discourse marker,it is no longer the main component of sentence structure,but to highlight the following information,translators will adopt deletion,conversion and retaining.It can be seen that translators often need to convert Chinese characterized by subjective consciousness into English dominated by objective consciousness,thus conforming to various meaning of zhijian.

Factors Affecting the English Self-study of Senior High Students

The new students'view appeals for learning alone,so the teachers should make study for students,which is the order of the new curriculum standards of the high school English.There are many strategies to improve that,but the effect of self-study is not satisfactory.In order to make it come into effects,we should conclude the factors affecting the English self-study.Subjective and objective aspects will be concluded according to the literature review,investigation,self-experience and features of senior high English study.

Open Approach-Based Subject Matter： A New Aspect of Mathematical Activity Fostering Students＇ Creativity

This study compares the subject matter appeared on traditional Thai textbooks and Japanese textbooks and analyzes how extension and integration sequence on Japanese textbooks evokes students＇ mathematical creativity. The data were collected from the series of four lessons in the fifth grade by teaching experiment methodology conducted following the professional development project implemented lesson study and open approach in Thailand. The results show that extension and integration sequence is an appropriate subject matter to generate lesson for problem-solving classroom. The sequence of lesson leads students to excitement, curiosity, confidence and intimacy in mathematics that are powerful effects of mathematical creativity. Students can produce the different and various ways to solve problems that indicate their divergent thinking.

Investigating short- and long-term transfer effects of a Taiji beginner course in participants' daily life

in recent years research investigating various health benefits of Taiji practice has markedly increased. Despite this growing scientific interest, essential questions such as to what extent a Taiji course may exert noticeable effects in participants＇ everyday life, what these effects are, and how and where potential transfer effects occur, have hardly been considered. The aim of our study was to explore transfer effects from a Taiji course into participants＇ daily lives. METHODS： We conducted a longitudinal observational study in 45 healthy participants at the end of their three-month Taiji beginner course （tpl） and at two months （tp2） as well as one year after course completion （tp3）. Participants were asked to report their Taiji practice behavior at all time points, as well as to rate and describe perceived transfer effects of Taiji course contents on their daily life at tpl and tp3. RESULTS： Transfer effects were reported by 91.1% of all respondents after course completion （tpl） and persisted in 73.3% at the one-year follow-up assessment （tp3）, counting ＂increase of self-efficacy＂, ＂improvement of stress management＂, and ＂increase of body awareness＂ as the most frequently mentioned effects. Transfer effects predominantly occurred in participants＇ work and social environments, as well as during everyday activities in public areas. While self- reliant Taiji practice frequency significantly decreased from 82.2% at tpl to 55.6% at tp3 （P 〈 0.001）, the magnitude of self-reported transfer effects did not （P = 0.35）. As explorative analyses revealed, regular Taiji course attendance was highly correlated with stronger transfer effects at tpl （r = 0.51; P 〈 0.001） and tp3 （r = 0.35; P = 0.020）. Participants reporting high self-reliant Taiji practice frequency at tp2 were likely to maintain a regular practice routine at tp3 （r = 0.42; P 〈 0.004）, whereas self-reliant practice frequency and transfer effects at tpl were positively correlated with self-reliant practice frequency at tp3 on a trend level （r 〈 0.27; P 〉 0.08）. CONCLUSION： Our data underline the importance of regular course participation for pronounced and long lasting transfer effects into participants＇ everyday life. We discuss that several context and process-related aspects of a Taiji intervention are potentially relevant factors for enhancement of transfer effect.

Living Kidney Donation – Subjective Experiences of Donors before and Two Years after Donation

Little is known about long-term quality of life of kidney donors. We studied subjective experiences of donors before and two years after kidney donation using in-depth interviews of eleven subjects. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed by qualitative content analysis (grounded theory). Resulting categories of this process were grouped in order to construct ideal types of subjective experiences after kidney donation. Of our donors, 64% were female, mean age was 40.4 years. Donors reported that they had had no medical problems after donation. Most displayed psychological problems, e. g. difficulties adjusting to the new situation, hypochondriacal complaints, and fear of rejection of the recipient’s kidney. Psychological complaints were particularly troublesome in case of complications of the recipient. All donors wished extended counselling after kidney donation. Identifying problems of kidney donors may be easier when doctors are trained in typical experiences. This may also guide the tailoring of individual psychological interventions.

Effect of distinct psychological interventions on changes in selfreported distress,depression and loneliness among older adults during COVID-19

BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.

Literature Review on the Translator's Subjectivity

Translator’s subjectivity plays an important role in the whole translation process.With"the cultural turn"in translation studies in 1970s,scholars became concerned about the study of the translator’s subjectivity.Especially,in recent years,the research of the translator’s subjectivity has been one of hot areas in the circle of the domestic translation theories.This study is about to make an overview of the translator’s subjectivity,aiming at offering some guidance for further study of the translator’s subjectivity.

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIP-MOUTH REGION IN SMILING POSITION FROM 80 PERSONS WITH ACCEPTABLE FACES AND INDIVIDUAL NORMAL OCCLUSIONS

OBJECTIVE: The characteristics of lip-mouth region including the soft and hard tissues in smiling position with frontal fixed position photographic computer-aided analysis were studied. METHODS: The subjects were 80 persons (40 male and 40 females, age range: 17 to approximately 25 years) with acceptable faces and individual normal occlusions. The subjects were asked to take maximum smiling position to accept photographic measurement with computer-aided analysis. RESULTS: The maximum smile line could be divided into 3 categories: low smile line (16.25%), average smile line (68.75%), and high smile line (15%). CONCLUSION: The method adopting maximum smiling position to study the lip-month region is reproducible and comparable. This study would be helpful to provide a quantitative reference for clinical investigation, diagnosis, treatment and efficacy appraisal.

一级学科视域下中共党史党建学理论的建设

作为一级学科,中共党史党建学要有源自并属于本学科的理论,中共党史党建学理论是必设的二级学科。搭建中共党史党建学理论自主的整体性框架,主要包括基本结构层面和功能运行层面。前者针对的是内部组成要素,涉及本体论、认识论和方法论;后者则针对研究过程中的边界与操作,从学理上将中共党史党建学理论研究同史学理论研究、政治学理论研究等相邻学科理论区分开来。作为独立的学科,中共党史党建学理论既不要理论依附、理论移植,也不要理论泛化,而是基于理论与实践通过有机联动、相互支撑、共同发展等手段而最终定型。中共党史党建学理论,不仅能够促进学科建设,更有利于服务中国共产党的治国理政。

语篇主观性表征研究

基于语言主观性理论,本研究重点考察语篇的主观性表征。研究发现,语篇主观性表征有词汇、句法和语用等方面,它们共同承载着说写者的情感、态度、认识等主观自我成分。本研究与语言主观性现象的微观研究互补,为语篇层面语言主观性现象的整体研究提供研究思路,有利于深入挖掘说写者隐藏在语篇中的主观自我表征方式。

基于学科融合体的警察培训模式研究

中华民族伟大复兴时代科技的飞速发展使公安实战业务涉及到多种学科的综合化,如何在有限时间内最大程度提高民警多学科的专业运用能力和综合素质,是当前警察教育培训面临的难题。针对这一难题,基于学科融合体的警察培训模式是一条行之有效的路径。这一模式主张深入分析警察培训课程特色及教学模式的特点,针对公安工作跨学科的基本特性,突出培训过程中科学、技术与实战应用的结合。建议公安院校要创新教学训练的思路和理念,进一步合理配置警察教育培训教学内容,更深层地体现出新时期警察教育培训的绩效性、科学性和实战性,同时基于公安院校自身的学科优势及科研成果的累积,架构“大教育、大培训”的公安教学训练新模式。

互联网使用能提升乡村老年人主观幸福感吗?

在全面推进乡村振兴与数字乡村建设进程中,老年群体的数字红利不可忽视.利用中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),运用有序Probit模型,实证检验互联网使用对乡村老年人主观幸福感的影响及作用机制.统计结果表明,互联网使用对乡村老年人主观幸福感有显著正向影响,利用工具变量法再检验后,结论依然稳健;异质性检验发现,互联网使用对中西部、北部和无子女在身边的乡村老年人主观幸福感产生显著正向影响;机制分析表明,互联网使用通过增强社会网络来提高乡村老年人的主观幸福感.因此,在农业农村现代化与共同富裕的新征途中,一方面要继续深化数字乡村建设,加快适老化技术改良,释放数字红利;另一方面要加强乡村老年群体数字技能培训,引导其利用互联网拓展社会网络,提升主观幸福感.

治理主体权责边界与国有企业创新——来自党委前置研究清单的证据

本文以《国企改革三年行动方案(2020—2022年)》提出党委前置研究清单为准自然实验,构建广义双重差分模型,检验治理主体权责边界厘清对国有企业创新的影响。研究发现,治理主体权责边界厘清能够促进国有企业创新。机制检验表明,增强企业政策感知能力、提高企业风险承担水平、加快企业动态调整速度以及鼓励股东尤其是非国有股东积极参与企业治理,均是治理主体权责边界厘清促进国有企业创新的重要机制。异质性分析发现,治理主体权责边界厘清的创新效应在面临历史和行业期望落差、存在“双向进入、交叉任职”、处于命脉行业和关键领域的国有企业中更显著。本研究为国有企业进一步厘清治理主体权责边界并发挥其创新效应提供了理论借鉴与经验证据。

学生夜间学习空间局部照明环境研究

当前研究表明,光环境不仅对人的生理健康产生影响,还会对人的心理健康产生影响。目前随着作业量的增加,夜间学习时间增长,夜间局部照明环境对眼部健康的影响也日益明显。本文从客观的数据测试与主观感受两方面对目前学生夜间学习空间的局部照明环境情况进行调研,同时建立照明环境参数与满意度模型,发现照度与满意度之间呈现二次函数关系,得出:照度为730 lx时,满意度最高;同时照度均匀度与满意度之间呈线性增长关系。研究结果有助于对局部照明环境进行深入研究。

“作家”身份的生成与新文学的发生

“谁是作家”“作家是什么”并非不言自明的问题,而是关涉到五四时期新文学倡导者有意建构的一套身份与价值观念体系。经由从“著作家”到“创作家”、从“文人”到“作家”的指称转换,以及现代文坛对超人情感和现代知识的强调,作家被赋予“感化读者”与“改进国家”的社会职能。“作家”的生成与判定有赖于现代读者的“发明”与现代文学机制的助推。现代“作家”身兼报刊编辑、文学批评家等多重身份,怀有“启蒙”与“救亡”的价值追求,带来了文学创作主体的现代转换。“作家”身份的生成与塑造反映了新文学发生的内在逻辑,也提供了一条反思当下作家观的有效途径。

中小学多元主体使用人工智能技术的影响因素分析

当前对于中小学使用人工智能技术的影响因素研究虽已引起不少学者的关注,但其视角通常聚焦教师群体,未能考虑多元参与主体的整体影响,且大多数研究缺少覆盖全国的海量数据,导致代表性不足。为此,文章首先基于整合型科技接受模型创建了中小学多元主体使用人工智能技术的影响因素假设模型,并利用一项涵盖全国近20万份问卷的调研数据,对多元主体使用人工智能技术的现状进行分析。然后,文章对多元主体的影响因素进行实证研究,结果显示态度动机、能力水平、社会支持等因素显著影响多元主体对人工智能技术的使用,但未发现在学校间存在聚类效应。最后,文章有针对性地提出政策制定、学校保障、社会企业支持等方面的策略建议,以期为中小学应用人工智能技术提供方向性指导。