A Study on the Chess Culture of Ethnic Minority Groups in Gansu Province

As a region inhabited by large populations of ethnic minority groups, Gansu province boasts rich ethnic cultural resources which reflect traditional culture and intangible cultural heritage that had taken shape thousands of years ago. Among these are various ethnic folk chess games. They are time-honored with many types such as the “Fang” chess of the Hui ethnic group, the “Jiu” chess of the Tibetans, the “King and Ministers” chess, the Mongolian chess, the Mongolian military chess, etc. These games embody distinctive ethnic and regional characteristics, as well as the cultural elements of a particular ethnic minority group. It is of great significance, therefore, to study the ethnic chess by collecting, documenting and comparing different types of related chess. The paper explores ways to standardize, protect and promote them scientifically in joint efforts, and draws a conclusion that examining their significance in the present era and the ethnic characteristics is the key to understanding the profound culture behind the chess.

A Comparative Study of Genetic Algorithm Parameters for the Inverse Problem-based Fault Diagnosis of Liquid Rocket Propulsion Systems

Fault diagnosis of liquid rocket propulsion systems （LRPSs） is a very important issue in space launch activities particularly when manned space missions are accompanied, since the safety and reliability can be significantly enhanced by exploiting an efficient fault diagnosis system. Currently, inverse problem-based diagnosis has attracted a great deal of research attention in fault diagnosis domain. This methodology provides a new strategy to model-based fault diagnosis for monitoring the health of propulsion systems. To solve the inverse problems arising from the fault diagnosis of LRPSs, GAs have been adopted in recent years as the first and effective choice of available numerical optimization tools. However, the GA has many control parameters to be chosen in advance and there still lack sound theoretical tools to analyze the effects of these parameters on diagnostic performance analytically. In this paper a comparative study of the influence of GA parameters on diagnostic results is conducted by performing a series of numerical experiments. The objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of individual algorithm parameter to final diagnostic result and provide reasonable estimates for choosing GA parameters in the inverse problem-based fault diagnosis of LRPSs. Some constructive remarks are made in conclusion and will be helpful for the implementation of GA to the fault diagnosis practice of LRPSs in the future.

A Comparative Study on the Tense-Aspect of Auxiliary in English and Chinese

The aim of the paper is to give a general comparison about the structural composition of the AUX in English and Chinese mainly from the perspective of tense-aspect.Based on the basic construction of English AUX system,which includes such elements as Tense,Modal,Perfect aspect,Progressive aspect and Passive,the paper focuses on comparing the syntactic characteristics of tense element in the two languages.The final part of the paper briefly summarized predicted learning problems that Chinese learners of English as well as English learners of Chinese would have in learning English and Chinese respectively.

Risk Factors for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Zhuang Ethnic Pregnant Women:A Cohort Study in Guangxi,China

Risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes among Zhuang ethnic pregnant women are unclear.This study analyzed the incidence and risk factors related to preterm birth(PB),low birth weight(LBW)and macrosomia in Zhuang population.We conducted a prospective cohort study of 9965 Zhuang pregnancy women in Guangxi,China.Information on mothers and newborns was obtained by using questionnaires and referring to medical records.Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between related factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Our results showed that the incidence of PB,LBW and macrosomia in Zhuang people was 5.55%,5.64%and 2.19%,respectively.Maternal age≥36 years(OR=2.22,95%CI:1.51-3.27)was related to a higher incidence of PB.Those with pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)<18.5 kg/㎡(OR-1.91,95%CI:1.45--2.51),and had a female fetus(OR=1.74,95%CI:1.36-2.23)were more likely to have LBW infants.Maternal age between 31 and 35 years(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.03-2.99)and pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity(OR=1.79,95% CI:1.15-2.80)were associated with a higher risk of macrosomia.The protective factors of macrosomia were maternal pre-pregnancy BMI<18.5 kg/㎡(OR=0.30,95% CI:0.15-0.60)and female fetus(OR=0.41,95% CI:0.28-0.59).Our study provided a reference for maternal and childcare administration among Zhuang population.

A Critical Review of “A Comparative study of the effects of input-based and production-based instruction on vocabulary acquisition by young EFL learners”

A critical review of an article titled"A Comparative study of the effects of input-based and production-based instruction on vocabulary acquisition by young EFL learners"will be conducted. On the one hand, the reviewed study has reached its significance in the achievement of the comparative effects of input-based and production-based tasks on vocabulary acquisition. On the other hand, some problems can be found in the study, from research method to its discussion. The present paper is devoted to analyzing main aspects of the article one by one and providing corresponding suggestions.

A Case Study on Primary Problem Student in Yemen

Nowadays,problem student is a common phenomenon exiting in primary and secondary school,Yemen.However,current unknown is why problem students appear and how to make an effective intervention way for reducing the problem behaviors.Although there have been many researches about problem student's problem behaviors researches on causes,developmental mechanism and educational strategies of problem students mainly stay on the theoretical research stage.This study aimed to investigate main reason for the formation of problem students and then make an effective intervention way and examine the invention effect.Firstly,combining existing research literature and teaching experience,this study sums up that problem behavior of problem students is mainly learning problem,interpersonal problem and willpower problem.Secondly,this study selected ten"problem students"of primary school as the participants.They are simply classified into three categories in accordance with the severity of the problem behaviors of problem students.I summarized various causes and affecting factors of problem behaviors through observing their performances and behaviors,and conduct in-depth interviews and explorations throughout the whole research process.Thirdly,on the basis of kind and severity of problems,various flexibly methods were used for the intervention study of problem behaviors.After that,I conducted interviews with the study cases,parents and teachers once again and made tracked records for the intervention effect.The intervention achieves marked improvement.For example,most students greatly improve their behaviors in class.Finally,I reflect the research process itself,considering that the case study is necessary method for the issue of"problem students".The use of qualitative research method is more conducive to enter the inner world of the studying cases,and better understand their true conditions as well.And on this basis,it is easier to find a breakthrough in the problem to improve the"problem students"and make a closer link between theoretical research and practical application.

Ethnic variations in ulcerative colitis: Experience of an international hospital in Thailand

AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, medication use, and treatment response in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC) across ethnic groups.METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed medical records of all 268465 patients who visited the Bumrungrad International Digestive Disease Center during 2005-2010. The demographics, clinical characteristics, medication use, results of investigations, and medical and surgical management for patients with UC were evaluated. Evaluation included sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy performed in compliance with the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy practice guidelines. Patient ethnicities were categorized into seven groups: Thai, Oriental, South Asian(SA), Middle Eastern(ME), Caucasian, African, and Hispanic. UC pathological severity was classified into inactive, mild, moderate, and severe. Associations between categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 or Fischer's exact test. Associations between categorical and interval variables were analyzed usingStudent's t-test and/or analysis of covariance.RESULTS: UC was diagnosed in 371 of the 268465 patients: male 56.33%; ME 42%, Caucasian 23%, and Thai 19%. Annual incidence of UC was 82 cases per 100000 with wide ethnic variation, ranging from 29 to 206 cases per 100000 in Oriental and ME patients, respectively. Of the patients with UC, 16.71% had severe UC with highest incidence among the patients from ME(20.39%) and lowest among the Caucasian population(11.90%). ME had highest proportion of pancolitis(52.90%), followed by Caucasian(45.35%) and Asian(34.40%). Only 20.93% of Caucasian patients received steroid, compared with 26.40% and 27.10% of Asian and Middle Eastern, respectively(P = 0.732). Overall, 13.72% of UC patients did not respond to steroid therapy, with non-significantly higher proportions of non-responders among Asian and Middle Eastern patients(15.22% and 15.04%, respectively)(P = 0.781). On average, 5.93% underwent surgical management with ethnic variation, ranging from 0% in African to 18% in SA. Cancer was found in three(Thai, ME, and African) cases(0.82 institution-specific incidence).CONCLUSION: Incidence, symptom duration, pathological severity, clinical manifestations, medication use, treatment response, need for surgical consultation, and cancer incidence of patients with UC potentially vary by ethnicity.

Complex variable solution for boundary value problem with X-shaped cavity in plane elasticity and its application*

A new type of displacement pile, the X-section cast-in-place concrete （XCC） pile, has recently been developed in China. Extensive field tests and laboratory experi- ments are undertaken to evaluate its performance and quantify the non-uniform deforma- tion effect （NUDE） of the X-shaped cross section during installation. This paper develops a simplified theoretical model that attempts to capture the NUDE. Based on the theory of complex variable plane elasticity, closed-form solutions of the stress and displacement for the X-shaped cavity boundary value problem are given. Subsequently, the analytical solution is used to evaluate the NUDE, the concrete filling index （CFI）, and the perimeter reduction coefficient of the XCC pile cross section. The computed results are compared with field test results, showing reasonable agreement. The present simplified theoretical model reveals the deformation mechanism of the X-shaped cavity and facilitates applica- tion of the newly developed XCC pile technique in geotechnical engineering.

Landscape Economics: Connotations, Basic Problems and Research Methods

This paper analyzed necessity and laws of natural and cultural resource consumption and creation activities as a branch of economics or research direction, proposed such basic frameworks of landscape economics such as connotations, basic problems and research methods on the basis of sorting out literature. Landscape economics is a social science focusing on the public preferences for natural and humanistic landscapes, and the preference evolution laws, economic laws of landscape resource consumption and creation activities. The basic problems include evaluation of landscape resource value, optimal utilization of landscape resources, landscape resource development and protection policies, formation and creation of diversified landscape structure. The research methods include investigation of consumers' willingness, experiment and behavioral economics, logical reasoning, and case study.

Advances in Studies on Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure with Ethnic Medicines

At present, the incidence of the chronic renal failure(CRF) is on the rise, and ethnic medicines have made significant achievements in the CRF treatment. In view of this, this paper reviewed the progress of ethnic medicines in the CRF treatment, to provide certain references for the personalized treatment of the CRF. Finally, it came up with the new recommendations for proper development and utilization of ethnic medicines.

A comparative study on serologic profiles of virus hepatitis B

INTRODUCTIONHepatitis B viral infection, one of the most-prevalent liver disorders in China and Korea, is aserious infectious disease as it has the potential ofprogressing into liver cirrhosis and primary hepaticcarcinoma. China and Korea both belong to high-risk endemic regions of viral hepatitis[1]. TheHBsAg positive rates in China ranged from 6.9% -17.9% by age, race and test methods[2-5].

A Bi-Objective Green Vehicle Routing Problem: A New Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Applied to a Newspaper Distribution

The purpose of this work is to present a methodology to provide a solution to a Bi-objective Green Vehicle Routing Problem (BGVRP). The methodology, illustrated using a case study (newspaper distribution problem) and literature Instances, was divided into three stages: Stage 1, data treatment;Stage 2, “metaheuristic approaches” (hybrid or non-hybrid), used comparatively, more specifically: NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II), MOPSO (Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization), which were compared with the new approaches proposed by the authors, CWNSGA-II (Clarke and Wright’s Savings with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) and CWTSNSGA-II (Clarke and Wright’s Savings, Tabu Search and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II);Stage 3, analysis of the results, with a comparison of the algorithms. An optimization of 19.9% was achieved for Objective Function 1 (OF1;minimization of CO2 emissions) and consequently the same percentage for the minimization of total distance, and 87.5% for Objective Function 2 (OF2;minimization of the difference in demand). Metaheuristic approaches hybrid achieved superior results for case study and instances. In this way, the procedure presented here can bring benefits to society as it considers environmental issues and also balancing work between the routes, ensuring savings and satisfaction for the users.

Studies on Some Basic Physical Problems in Macromolecular Condensed State

Macromolecular condensed state involves crystalline state and non-crystalline state of long-chain synthetic and naturally occurring molecules. The noncrystalline state may be a polymeric fluid, a rubbery elastic semi-solid or a rigid glass.

互文性视角下的小说翻译研究——以Alice's Adventures in the Wonder-land中译本为例

该文介绍了互文性思想的缘起、发展及其应用,并以此为视角与小说翻译研究相结合。笔者以儿童文学名著Alice's Adventures in the Wonderland的中译本(赵元任译作)为例,从小说创作背后的社会背景、历史意义着手,通过两个译例分析并阐明了在广义互文性视角下,小说翻译所遇到的障碍和问题,并指出赵元任译本对翻译的启示,旨在探索互文性思想对小说翻译研究的价值与意义,进而为中西方的跨文化交流提供可借鉴的方法。

铸牢中华民族共同体意识融入民族地区语言教育对策研究

民族地区语言教育发展是推动各族群众交往交流交融,促进民族团结的重要举措。民族地区只有不断加强国家通用语言文字教育才能更好地适应当前阶段的客观需要,加强民族间的交往交流交融,实现书同文、语同音、心相通、情相融。文章基于民族地区通用语言教育对于铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要意义,通过梳理既有文献及研究成果,了解当前民族语言教育发展现状,就部分民族地区语言教育存在的突出问题,提出了加强语言教育师资队伍、加大语言教育投入力度、推广普及国家通用语言文字、增强课程思政在语言教育课堂的融合程度四条策略,并认为在民族地区推广普及国家通用语言文字,要开拓创新,多措并举,多管齐下,切实解决当前存在的问题,加快推进民族地区语言教育进程,以语言相通促进各族群众的沟通交流和国家认同,进而铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

以问题为导向联合线上学习模式在缺血性脑血管病专业进修中的应用分析

目的探讨以问题为导向联合线上学习模式相比于非问题为导向的线下学习模式在缺血性脑血管病专业进修中的可行性及有效性。方法采取问卷调查法对2017年1月至2023年1月在首都医科大学宣武医院介入放射中心接受过系统培训的152名进修医师进行回访。根据进修时间以及学习模式的不同,将2017年1月至2020年1月进修方式为非问题为导向的线下学习模式的进修医师纳入非问题为导向组,将2020年2月至2023年1月进修方式为以问题为导向联合线上学习模式的进修医师纳入以问题为导向组。于培训结束时以及结束2个月后进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括:进修医师的性别、年龄,参与培训前已有的工作年限,参加进修培训的目的,培训时长,对培训的感受、建议和意见,培训结束后是否开展新手术(主要包括颅内外动脉支架置入术、颈动脉内膜切除术、杂交手术、动脉旁路移植术、急诊取栓术或其他)和培训结束后开展的新手术数量。结果(1)共发放问卷调查表152份,参与问卷调查并完成反馈者136名,其中4份问卷填写不全或填写错误,排除无效问卷后,剩余有效问卷调查表共132份,回收率和有效应答率分别为89.5%和97.1%。参与培训时,进修医师的年龄为25~44岁,平均(34±4)岁。医师的工作年限分布不等,>10年者占22.7%(30/132),>5~10年者占40.9%(54/132),0~5年者占36.4%(48/132)。不同工作年限者间是否开展新手术的比例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.501,P=0.012)。(2)参与以问题为导向和非问题为导向两种培训模式的人数分别为70人和62人。以问题为导向组中,希望通过培训学习新技术和提高手术能力的进修医师占88.6%(62/70),而在非问题为导向组中,该比例为87.1%(54/62),两组进修医师的进修培训目的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.067,P=0.796)。对培训体会进行分析显示,认为现有的培训形式合理和内容较为充实的进修医师占比为96.2%(127/132),以问题为导向组和非问题为导向组中比例分别为97.1%(68/70)和95.2%(59/62),两组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.354,P=0.552)。(3)经过培训后,以问题为导向组开展新手术的进修医师比例为80.0%(56/70),非问题为导向组的比例为66.1%(41/62),两组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.247,P=0.072)。在开展新手术的数量方面,以问题为导向组和非问题为导向组中,开展新手术数量≥30例的进修医师比例分别为70.0%(49/70)和46.8%(29/62),两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.337,P=0.007)。(4)在非问题为导向组中,开展新手术例数≥30例的进修医师进修时长为3、6、12个月者分别占13.8%(4/29)、82.8%(24/29)、3.4%(1/29);在以问题为导向组中,开展新手术例数≥30例的进修医师进修时长为3、6、12个月者分别占4.1%(2/49)、57.1%(28/49)、38.8%(19/49),两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.531,P<0.01)。结论以问题为导向联合线上学习模式有助于中青年神经外科医师的新手术开展以及增加开展的新手术数量,但需结合既往的工作年限和进修时长作为参考。