STABLE SUB-GAUSSIAN MODELS CONSTRUCTED BY POISSON PROCESSES

In this paper, we first prove that one-parameter standard α-stable sub-Gaussian processes can be approximated by processes constructed by integrals based on the Poisson process with random intensity. Then we extend this result to the two-parameter processes. At last, we consider the approximation of the subordinated fractional Brownian motion.

REMARKS ON SUB-FRACTIONAL BESSEL PROCESSES

Let S = {（St1,···,Std ）}t≥0 denote a d-dimensional sub-fractional Brownian motion with index H ≥ 1/2. In this paper we study some properties of the process X of the formwhere Rt = （（St1）2＋···＋（Std）2）~1/2 is the sub-fractional Bessel process.

1/3 PURE SUB-HARMONIC SOLUTION AND FRACTAL CHARACTERISTIC OF TRANSIENT PROCESS FOR DUFFING'S EQUATION

The 1/3 sub-harmonic solution for the Duffing＇s with damping equation was investigated by using the methods of harmonic balance and numerical integration. The assumed solution is introduced, and the domain of sub-harmonic frequencies was found. The asymptotical stability of the subharmonic resonances and the sensitivity of the amplitude responses to the variation of damping coefficient were examined. Then, the subharmonic resonances were analyzed by using the techniques from the general fractal theory. The analysis indicates that the sensitive dimensions of the system time-field responses show sensitivity to the conditions of changed initial perturbation, changed damping coefficient or the amplitude of excitation, thus the sensitive dimension can clearly describe the characteristic of the transient process of the subharmonic resonances.

Δ<i>I_DDQ</i>Testing of a CMOS Digital-to-Analog Converter Considering Process Variation Effects

In this paper, we present the implementation of a built-in current sensor (BICS) which takes into account the increased background current of defect-free circuits and the effects of process variation on ΔIDDQ testing of CMOS data converters. A 12-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is designed as the circuit under test (CUT). The BICS uses frequency as the output for fault detection in CUT. A fault is detected if it causes the output frequency to deviate more than ±10% from the reference frequency. The output frequencies of the BICS for various (MOSIS) model parameters are simulated to check for the effect of process variation on the frequency deviation. A set of eight faults simulating manufacturing defects in CMOS data converters are injected using fault-injection transistors and tested successfully.

An Experimental Investigation into the Amalgamated Al2O3-40% TiO2 Atmospheric Plasma Spray Coating Process on EN24 Substrate and Parameter Optimization Using TLBO

Surface coating is a critical procedure in the case of maintenance engineering. Ceramic coating of the wear areas is of the best practice which substantially enhances the Mean Time between Failure (MTBF). EN24 is a commercial grade alloy which is used for various industrial applications like sleeves, nuts, bolts, shafts, etc. EN24 is having comparatively low corrosion resistance, and ceramic coating of the wear and corroding areas of such parts is a best followed practice which highly improves the frequent failures. The coating quality mainly depends on the coating thickness, surface roughness and coating hardness which finally decides the operability. This paper describes an experimental investigation to effectively optimize the Atmospheric Plasma Spray process input parameters of Al2O3-40% TiO2 coatings to get the best quality of coating on EN24 alloy steel substrate. The experiments are conducted with an Orthogonal Array (OA) design of experiments (DoE). In the current experiment, critical input parameters are considered and some of the vital output parameters are monitored accordingly and separate mathematical models are generated using regression analysis. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to generate weights for the individual objective functions and based on that, a combined objective function is made. An advanced optimization method, Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization algorithm (TLBO), is practically utilized to the combined objective function to optimize the values of input parameters to get the best output parameters. Confirmation tests are also conducted and their output results are compared with predicted values obtained through mathematical models. The dominating effects of Al2O3-40% TiO2 spray parameters on output parameters: surface roughness, coating thickness and coating hardness are discussed in detail. It is concluded that the input parameters variation directly affects the characteristics of output parameters and any number of input as well as output parameters can be easily optimized using the current approach.

On the sub-mixed fractional Brownian motion

Let {S t H, t ≥ 0） be a linear combination of a Brownian motion and an independent sub-fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index 0 〈 H 〈 1. Its main properties are studied. They suggest that SH lies between the sub-fractional Brownian motion and the mixed fractional Brownian motion. We also determine the values of H for which SH is not a semi-martingale.

On the horizontal distribution of algal-bloom in Chaohu Lake and its formation process

Based on the remote sensing images of algae, the present work analyzes the horizontal distribution characteristics of algal blooms in Chaohu Lake, China, which also reveals the frequency of algal blooms under different wind directions. Further, an unstructured-grid, three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM） is applied to investigate the wind-induced currents and the transport pro- cess to explain the reason why algal blooms occur at the detected places. We first deduce the primary distribution of biomass from overlaid satellite images, and explain the formation mechanism by analyzing the pollution sources, and simulating the flow field and transportation process under prevailing wind over Chaohu Lake. And then, we consider the adjustment action of the wind on the corresponding day and develop a two-time scale approach to describe the whole formation process of algae horizontal distribution in Chaohu Lake. That is, on the longer time scale, i.e., during bloom season, prevailing wind determines the primary distribution of biomass by inducing the characteristic flow field; on the shorter time scale, i.e., on the day when bloom occurs, the wind force adjusts the primary distribution of biomass to form the final distribution of algal bloom.

Effect of sintering on microstructures and properties of sub-micron Ti(C,N)-based cermets

The influence of different sintering processes, including vacuum sintering, vacuum sintering followed by HIP and sintering-HIP, on the microstructure and properties of sub-micron Ti(C,N) cermets with various binder contents was studied. Image analysis based on back-scattered electrons image observations was used to determine the morphologic and structural characteristics. Transverse rupture strength(TRS), hardness, fracture toughness were measured and TRS data were treated by Weibull statistics further. It is shown that a very significant improvement in TRS can be obtained by HIP or sintering-HIP treatment for the alloys with lower and middle binder content at the controlled cooling rate, but the effect is not obvious for the alloys with higher binder content. HIP is also helpful for improving the hardness of sub-micron Ti(C,N) cermets, however, but can lower the fracture toughness. The variation of these properties was interpreted in terms of the difference in morphologic and structural characteristics.

Modal identification based on Hilbert-Huang Transform of structural response with S VD preprocessing

In recent years, Empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis have been combined to identify system parameters. Singular-Value Decomposition is pro- posed as a signal preprocessing technique of Hilbert-Huang Transform to extract modal parameters for closely spaced modes and low-energy components. The proposed method is applied to a simulated airplane model built in Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems software. The results demonstrate that the identified modal parameters are in good agreement with the baseline model.

The EVA plastic film for V-process and steel castings by V-process in China

EVA plastic film is the key material for V-process. Through decades of research, special EVA film for V-process has been produced. The film has adequate elongation; its maximum is about 800% in longitudinal direction and 750% in transversal direction. The single width of the film is 2.8 m and the double width is 5.6 m, which is the widest sheet film for V-process in China. Sheets with different thickness ranging from the thickest 0.35 mm to the thinnest 0.08 mm can meet different demands in China. The film can be used not only for V-process of iron castings, but also for the manganese steel railway frog, steel rocking support and side frame castings for train and the steel bridge box for engine truck.

Strong Local Non-Determinism of Sub-Fractional Brownian Motion

Let be a subfractional Brownian motion in . We prove that is strongly locally nondeterministic.

Risk Assessment M ode of Sale-Leaseback——Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

Sale-leaseback is paid special focus on for its great application in China in recent years.By giving a detailed analysis,an analysis of the features of sale-leaseback and a study of the risks of it are given in this paper.Then a quantitative analysis of commercial real estate sale-leaseback is carried out.The scientific theoretical analysis is provided in this paper for risk assessment in commercial real estate sale-leaseback mode in China.An effective approach is put forward for sale-leaseback project evaluation and prevention of risk.A useful means is given to supervise commerciai real estate sale-leaseback mode for relevant departments and a certain contribution is made to a further sound development of commercial real estate sale-leaseback mode.

Abnormal oxidation in nickel silicide and nickel germanosilicide in sub-micro CMOS

After post-silicidation annealing at various temperatures for 30 min, abnormal oxidation and agglomeration in nickel silicide and nickel germanosilicide are investigated under different conditions of NiSi, with As-, In-, and Sb-doped Si substrates of nickel germanosilicide without any dopants. The NiSi thickness, dopant species, doping concentration, and silicide process conditions are dominant factors for abnormal oxidation and NiSi agglomeration. Larger dopants than Si, thinner NiSi thickness and SiGe suhstrates, and higher dopant concentrations promote abnormal oxidation and agglomeration.

The Application of Air-flow to the Technological Process of Chemical Fiber

The air-flow’s states and ways acted on the technological process of chemical fiber are summed up, which includes chip drying, spinning quenching as well as airjet texturing (air texturing, tangling texturing and bulked continuous filament (BCF)),and the effect of air-flow on the process and quality of chemical fiber is studied,and the action of mechanics and heat on the bulked continuous filament are calculated.

Green fuel from coal via Fischer-Tropsch process： scenario of optimal condition of process and modelling

Extracting, transportation and the using from fossil fuels can damage to the hydrosphere, the biosphere and the Earth＇s atmosphere. But humans always need to this valuable substance. The production of oil derivatives by means of forest waste and coal through the Fischer-Tropsch process is an appropriate solution for the cleanliness of all parts of the environment. For the production of favorite products by the synthesis of Fischer-Tropsch, the performance of the catalyst under different operating conditions should be predictable. For this reason, in this paper, eight mathematical models were determined for the selectivity of five products of methane, light hydrocarbons, gasoline, diesel and wax based on three factors of reduction temperature, time on stream, and He/CO ratio inlet gas on iron-based catalyst. The results showed that the reduction temperature factor had the most effective on the selectivity of hydrocarbon products, exception diesel, so that the increase of the reduction temperature led to increase of the selectivity of methane, light hydrocarbons, gasoline and reduce of the degree of selectivity of the wax and vice versa. For the diesel selectivity, factor of the He/CO ratio inlet gas was the most effective than other factors.

An analysis on El Nino processes during 1949-1987

-In this paper, the outset, evolution and intensity of El Nino were analyzed. Different features were found in each El Nino process. The El Nino of 1986 was also analyzed and outlined.

The Evolutionary History of Ore-forming Processes of Metallic Ore Deposits in Northern Guangxi

The northern Guangxi region is an important rare metal, rare earth metal and polymetallic metallogenic province. In the region there exist five metallogenic series and two metallogenic subseries, whose metallogenesis shows features of polycyclic spiral evolution throughout the geological history. As far as various cycles are concerned, mantle-derived ore substances were reduced while crust-derived ore substances increased from early to late timesfin the whole geological evolutionary history, mantle-derived substances decreased gradually while crust-derived ones increased. Meanwhile ore element associations became more and more varied. In terms of space, mineralization migrated from the old basement outwards, i.e. from west to east during the Precambrian, and from north to south during the Phanerozoic, and again from east to west during the Yanshanian.

Subsolidus Conceptual Design of CaO-AI_2O_3-TiO_2-SiO_2 System and Its Significance for Manufacturing Advanced Ceramics

The article deals the structure of the CaO -Al2O3 - TiO2 -SiO2 system as a basis for obtaining advanced ce- ramics with a complex of high-operational characteris- tics. As a result o[＇investigations the phase charctcteristics are represented trod the graph of the relationship of the elementaory tetrahedra has been plotted. The most techno- logical system area ,for the production of heat resistant advanced ceramics has been determined. The batches for producing heat and chemical resistant dense advanced ceramics made of natural, technical and technogenic raw materials have been developed.

STUDY OF PREPARATION AND PROPERTY OF YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)-Ag_x COMPOSITE SUPERCONDUCTORS PREPARED BY SOL-GEL PROCESS

YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Agx composite superconductors were prepared by hybrid sintering process using YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Agx ultrafine powder and Ag2O finepower, which were prepared by sol-gel process and precipitation process respectively. The effect of the Ag content on superconducting crictical transition temperature of YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Agx was not evident as long as YBa2Cu3O7-δ-Agx can form continuous network. But Ag can increase superconduction crictical current and density of the composite superconductors. The normal state (i.e. non-superconducting state at room temperature) resistivity shows a percolation threshold at 20%-30% Ag, whereas the superconducting net-work shows a percolationthreshold at 70% -80% Ag.

Parameter Optimization of Amalgamated Al2O3-40% TiO2 Atmospheric Plasma Spray Coating on SS304 Substrate Using TLBO Algorithm

SS304 is a commercial grade stainless steel which is used for various engineering applications like shafts, guides, jigs, fixtures, etc. Ceramic coating of the wear areas of such parts is a regular practice which significantly enhances the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF). The final coating quality depends mainly on the coating thickness, surface roughness and hardness which ultimately decides the life. This paper presents an experimental study to effectively optimize the Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) process input parameters of Al2O3-40% TiO2 ceramic coatings to get the best quality of coating on commercial SS304 substrate. The experiments are conducted with a three-level L18 Orthogonal Array (OA) Design of Experiments (DoE). Critical input parameters considered are: spray nozzle distance, substrate rotating speed, current of the arc, carrier gas flow and coating powder flow rate. The surface roughness, coating thickness and hardness are considered as the output parameters. Mathematical models are generated using regression analysis for individual output parameters. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is applied to generate weights for the individual objective functions and a combined objective function is generated. An advanced optimization method, Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization algorithm (TLBO), is applied to the combined objective function to optimize the values of input parameters to get the best output parameters and confirmation tests are conducted based on that. The significant effects of spray parameters on surface roughness, coating thickness and coating hardness are studied in detail.