Combining ability and gene action studies for yield and fibre traits in Gossypium arboreum using Griffings numerical and Haymans graphical approach

Background For the purpose of utilising hybrid vigour to produce possible hybrids with a suitable level of stability,the knowledge of gene activity and combining ability is a crucial prerequisite before choosing desirable parents.The present study was carried out with six parents crossed in full diallel fashion and generated 30 F1 hybrids.These hybrids were evaluated in two replications in Randomized Block Design at Department of Cotton,TNAU for combining ability and gene action.Diallel analysis was carried out according to Griffing’s method-I(parents + F_(1) + reciprocals) and model-I and Hayman’s graphical approach by using INDOSTAT software.Results Analysis of variance for combining ability indicated that mean square values of GCA,SCA and reciprocals were highly significant for all the traits except for the uniformity index.RG763 and K12 showed highly positively significant GCA effects for most of the yield traits while PA838 and K12 for fibre quality traits,so they were found as best general combiners.PAIG379 × K12 and PDB29 × K12 for yield traits,and PDB29 × PA838,RG763 × PA838,and CNA1007 × RG763 cross combinations for fibre quality traits could be recommended for future breeding programms.Conclusion The results of both Griffing’s and Hayman’s approaches showed that non-additive gene action predominates as SCA variance was bigger than GCA variance,so heterosis breeding is thought to be a more fruitful option for enhancing GCA of many traits.

教育硕士产教融合“U-G-S&E”育人模式探析

产教融合是教育与产业的深度合作,我国产教融合的政策经历了从职业教育到普通教育的发展。产教融合符合教育硕士人才培养的逻辑,“U-G-S&E”育人模式以高校为主导,政府提供政策引导和资金支持,中小学和企业协同参与教育硕士的培养。通过实践探索发现,“U-G-S&E”模式可以更好地激发学生提升职业能力的动力,助力学生职业生涯规划和就业,提升以赛赋能的效果,帮助高校校内导师、中小学和企业的校外导师加深对教育链、人才链与产业链、创新链有机衔接的理解,助力孵化本地企业参与遴选国家产教融合型企业,推动本地企业更好的融入国家现代教育体系建设。

Hydrochloric acid‐mediated synthesis of ZnFe_(2)O_(4) small particle decorated one‐dimensional Perylene Diimide S‐scheme heterojunction with excellent photocatalytic ability

The recyclable and stable ZnFe_(2)O_(4) small particle decorated one‐dimensional perylene diimide(PDI)S‐scheme heterojunction(1D PDI/ZnFe_(2)O_(4))is prepared by the hydrochloric acid‐mediated(HCl‐mediated)strategy,interestingly,the morphology of the 1D PDI/ZnFe_(2)O_(4) can also be effectively regulated by HCl‐mediated process,the existence of HCl can regulate PDI into a uniform rod structure,while the co‐existence of HCl and PDI can limit ZnFe_(2)O_(4) to become the uniform small particles.More importantly,based on the 1D rod structure of PDI and the small size effect of ZnFe_(2)O_(4),carriers can migrate to the surface more easily,which can improve the photocatalytic activity.Meanwhile,due to the appropriate energy level structure,the S‐scheme heterojunction structure is formed between PDI and ZnFe_(2)O_(4),which eliminates meaningless photo‐generated charge carriers through recombination and introduces strong redox to further enhance the photodegradation effect,thereby,1D PDI/ZnFe_(2)O_(4) exhibits excellent photocatalytic ability,under the visible light irradiation,the degradation rate of tetracycline(TC)with 1D PDI/ZnFe_(2)O_(4)(66.67%)is 9.18 times that with PDI(7.26%)and 9.73 times that with ZnFe_(2)O_(4)(6.85%).This work proposes new ideas for the assembly of magnetic organic‐inorganic S‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts.

The Construct of the Story Continuation Writing Task: Insights From the China’s Standards of English Language Ability

Although the story continuation writing task(SCWT) has attracted much research attention, few studies have investigated the construct of the task, particularly with respect to which language competence it focuses on. In addition, although some studies have demonstrated that China’s Standards of English Language Ability(CSE) provides comprehensive insights into the development of Chinese learners’ English language proficiency, little research has investigated the relationship between CSE and SCWT. This study drew upon the CSE to develop an SCWT language use inventory to address the above research gaps. A total of 358 high school students were asked to complete the questionnaire, of which 277 valid responses were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis(EFA) on the CSE-based questionnaire revealed the presence of six factors, namely language correctness, language variety, task planning, connecting-and-generating, selecting-andmining, and organizing. The strategy of connecting-and-generating was the only significant predictor of the learners’ SCWT scores. The paper also discusses the findings relating to the SCWT rating and other integrated writing tasks.

Synthesis of A Novel Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s Possessing Phenan- throline Tether and Its Molecular Binding Ability with Dyes

A novel b-cyclodextrin dimer bearing 2, 9-diformyl-1, 10-phenanthroline tether 4 has been synthesized and its inclusion complexation behavior with two triangular model substrates (RhB and BG) has been investigated through fluorescence and ultraviolet spectrometry. The result obtained indicated that novel bridged bis(b-cyclodextrin)s could significantly enhance the original molecular binding ability of native b-cyclodextrin by cooperative binding of two hydrophobic cavities.

Storage time affects the level and diagnostic efficacy of plasma biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases

Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is known about the long-term stability of these biomarker proteins in plasma samples stored at-80°C.We aimed to explore how storage time would affect the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers using a large cohort.Plasma samples from 229 cognitively unimpaired individuals,encompassing healthy controls and those experiencing subjective cognitive decline,as well as 99 patients with cognitive impairment,comprising those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia,were acquired from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline project.These samples were stored at-80°C for up to 6 years before being used in this study.Our results showed that plasma levels of Aβ42,Aβ40,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not significantly correlated with sample storage time.However,the level of total tau showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.Notably,in individuals without cognitive impairment,plasma levels of total protein and tau phosphorylated protein threonine 181(p-tau181)also showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.This was not observed in individuals with cognitive impairment.Consequently,we speculate that the diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and the p-tau181 to total tau ratio may be influenced by sample storage time.Therefore,caution is advised when using these plasma biomarkers for the identification of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,in cohort studies,it is important to consider the impact of storage time on the overall results.

新型S型异质结光催化剂研究进展

环境污染是人类目前所面临的最严重的问题之一。光催化技术是一种能直接利用太阳能降解污染物的新型、绿色、清洁的有效方法。然而,单一半导体对太阳光的吸收能力弱,光生载流子的复合率高;传统复合光催化剂氧化还原能力弱,光催化效率低;构建S型异质结是提高光催化活性的有效策略。比较分析了几种异质结的电荷转移机制,综述了S型异质结的结构调控策略和应用研究进展,并对S型异质结光催化剂的未来发展前景进行了展望。

Chiral asymmetry of anti-symmetric coordinates studied by the Raman differential bond polarizability of S-phenylethylamine

The Raman optical activity （ROA） study on S-phenylethylamine is presented by the intensity analyses via bond polarizability and differential bond polarizability. Ample information concerning the physical picture of this chiral system is obtained, and its ROA mechanism is constructed. Especially, we propose that the asymmetric modes and/or the off-diagonal elements of the electronic polarizability tensor are the potential keys to the exploration of ROA.

Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预对肝硬化患者心理弹性及自理能力的影响

目的探讨Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预对肝硬化患者心理弹性以及自理能力的影响。方法选择2021年2月至2022年10月在我院接受治疗的78例肝硬化患者,按照随机数字表法分成常规组与研究组各39例,常规组给予基础护理,研究组在常规组的基础上给予Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预,比较两组的Herth希望量表(HHI)、Frank依从量表(FCS)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC10)及自理能力(肝硬化自我管理行为量表)评分。结果护理后,两组患者HHI、FCS、CD-RISC10评分均升高,研究组各评分高于对照组(P<0.05);日常生活管理、病情监测管理、用药管理及饮食管理评分均较护理前升高,且研究组自理能力各评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预能提高患者的希望水平和治疗依从性,改善其心理弹性,提升自理能力。

高等教育、区域创新能力与数字经济发展

在加快建设数字中国的时代背景下,对高等教育与数字经济之间的关系进行探索有助于优化高等教育的定位和资源配置,并赋能经济社会高质量发展。本研究基于2011—2020年我国各省份的面板数据,实证探究高等教育对区域数字经济发展的影响效应、作用机制和异质性特征。研究发现,高等教育是区域数字经济发展的重要推动力量,其正向影响效应在使用工具变量缓解内生性问题后仍然稳健;区域创新能力是高等教育驱动数字经济增长的有效机制;高等教育对数字经济的贡献具有明显的时序动态性和区域异质性。基于研究结果,未来我国应彰显数字经济发展中的高校力量,通过探索数字创新人才培养体系、实施差异化产学研融合策略以及优化高等教育资源配置等举措,加快构建高等教育与数字经济协同发展的新格局。

基于肠道菌群与代谢组学探讨补肾通腑方对AD小鼠神经炎症的影响

目的观察补肾通腑方对APP/PS1小鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法APP/PS1小鼠给予补肾通腑方灌胃治疗8周后,采用Morris水迷宫法观察小鼠学习记忆能力变化;16S rDNA高通量测序和液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)方法检测小鼠肠道菌群及肠道代谢物的变化。结果与模型组比较,补肾通腑方能够明显缩短小鼠逃避潜伏期,减少游泳路程,增加跨越平台次数(P<0.01)。16S rDNA结果显示,补肾通腑方可以增加有益菌厚壁菌门Firmicutes丰度,降低有害菌拟杆菌门Bacteroidota的丰度。LC-MS/MS结果显示,共鉴定出25个差异代谢产物,主要涉及鞘脂代谢、赖氨酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢等代谢通路。KEGG富集分析显示,补肾通腑方主要通过NF-κB、Apelin等炎症相关信号通路发挥治疗作用。结论补肾通腑方改善APP/PS1小鼠学习记忆能力,可能与改善肠道菌群组成,影响鞘脂代谢、赖氨酸代谢、酪氨酸等的代谢,调控NF-κB、Apelin等炎症相关信号通路有关。

高职生理论课程“S-O-AMAS-E”教学模式创新——农业经济学课程团队实践与探索

高职院校理论课程是提升学生职业能力、提高人才核心竞争力的有效途径。然而,由于“技能本位”职教思想的影响等原因,目前的高职院校理论课程无法充分发挥当有的作用和功能。该文介绍作者课题团队开发的高职学生理论课程“S-O-AMAS-E”教学模式的产生背景、理论构建与实践运行情况,以及成效分析,并提出关于推进该教学模式的思考。

藏药二十五味珊瑚丸对帕金森病模型大鼠运动能力及氧化应激水平的影响

目的:探讨藏药二十五味珊瑚丸对帕金森病(parkinson disease,PD)模型大鼠运动能力及氧化应激水平的影响。方法:将24只SD大鼠随机分为藏药二十五味珊瑚丸组(180 mg·kg^(-1))、模型组及正常组,每组各8只。除正常组外,其余大鼠采用纹状体单点注射6-羟基多巴胺(6-hydrodopamine,6-OHDA)法制备PD模型。造模成功后,各组大鼠每天灌胃给药1次,连续4周,模型组和正常组大鼠给予等体积生理盐水。给药第1天、第7天、第14天、第21天、第28天分别称量动物体质量;给药4周后,采用旋转实验及旷场实验观察大鼠行为学变化;ELISA法测定大鼠纹状体丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)水平。结果:各组大鼠体质量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与正常组比较,模型组大鼠旋转频率显著升高(P<0.001);旷场实验平均速度显著降低(P<0.05),运动距离显著缩短(P<0.01),静止时间显著延长(P<0.05);纹状体内MDA水平显著升高(P<0.05),SOD及GSH水平显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,二十五味珊瑚丸组大鼠旋转频率显著降低(P<0.05);旷场实验平均速度显著升高(P<0.05),运动距离显著延长(P<0.05),静止时间显著缩短(P<0.05);纹状体MDA水平显著降低(P<0.05),GSH及SOD水平显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:二十五味珊瑚丸可显著改善PD大鼠运动能力,调节脑中氧化应激反应。

护理硕士专业学位研究生高级健康评估的进阶式课程设计和多梯度仿真模拟教学实践

高级健康评估是护理硕士专业学位研究生的核心专业基础课程之一。中山大学护理学院教学团队以临床思维能力培养和全程思政教育为导向,基于学习环理论构建了“夯实基础、整合应用、专科拓展”三个层次相结合的进阶式课程框架,并开展了多梯度的仿真模拟教学实践。文章介绍了该课程的建设框架、教学目标、课程设计、多梯度仿真模拟教学实践要点、课程思政建设、课程考核及实施情况,旨在为高校护理硕士专业学位研究生高级健康评估课程建设与优化提供参考。

39个传统秋菊品种扦插生根能力综合评价

为了筛选出扦插生根能力较强的传统秋菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)品种,对39个传统秋菊品种扦插12 d的8个根系形态指标进行差异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析,并对这些传统秋菊品种的扦插生根能力进行隶属函数分析和分级。结果显示:供试传统秋菊品种的总根数为3.3~44.0,总根长、平均根长和最长根长分别为2.463~129.174、0.632~4.470和1.610~7.964 cm,根直径为0.200~0.405 mm,根投影面积和根表面积分别为0.102~3.062和0.319~9.619 cm 2,总根体积为0.002~0.079 cm 3,且多数指标以‘火凤凰’(‘Huofenghuang’)最小。这些根系形态指标的变异系数为15.789%~51.605%,其中,总根长的变异系数最大,根直径的变异系数最小,其余指标的变异系数均大于32%。供试传统秋菊品种的多数根系形态指标间存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)正相关。主成分分析结果显示:前3个主成分的累计贡献率达97.976%。隶属函数分析和分级结果表明:供试传统秋菊品种的扦插生根能力分为优秀、良好、中等和偏差4个等级,‘龙都春丽’(‘Longdu Chunli’)、‘玉楼人醉’(‘Yulou Renzui’)、‘龙都月华’(‘Longdu Yuehua’)、‘圣光华宝’(‘Shengguang Huabao’)、‘龙都秋枫’(‘Longdu Qiufeng’)、‘龙都春晓’(‘Longdu Chunxiao’)的扦插生根能力优秀,综合得分均大于0.70。根投影面积、根表面积和总根体积在不同等级间差异显著。研究结果显示:不同传统秋菊品种间扦插苗的根系形态指标变异较大,其中,‘龙都春丽’等6个品种的扦插生根能力较强,可作为传统秋菊品种遗传改良的亲本。

电针对阿尔茨海默病模型SD大鼠学习记忆功能及海马神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察电针对阿尔茨海默病（AD）模型SD大鼠学习记忆、海马神经细胞凋亡、谷氨酸（Glu）含量、N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸（NMDA）受体、caspase-3蛋白、自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1表达的影响。方法 48只健康雌性SD大鼠随机分为AD模型组、假手术组、正常对照组和电针组,每组12只。采用Aβ25~35建立AD模型,Morris水迷宫观察大鼠学习记忆能力,尼氏染色观察海马神经元数量,细胞术检测各组海马神经元的凋亡,高效液相色谱法检测海马Glu含量,免疫组化法检测海马组织NMDA受体表达,Western blotting检测海马caspase-3和beclin-1蛋白的表达。结果与AD模型组比较,电针组SD大鼠在第Ⅱ象限停留时间所占的百分比较大、跨越平台次数较多、目标象限停留时间较长、平台象限停留路程占总路程百分比较大、平均潜伏期较短,学习记忆能力有明显改善;海马区神经元凋亡率较低,NMDA受体功能增强,Glu含量、caspase-3和Beclin-1蛋白表达减少（P〈0.05）。结论电针治疗可改善AD大鼠学习记忆功能,抑制神经元凋亡,上调NMDA受体功能,减少凋亡相关蛋白的含量。

3种拟痴呆动物模型在Morris水迷宫行为学测试中学习记忆行为的差异

目的 Morris水迷宫实验是一种评价空间学习记忆能力的经典方法,是评价痴呆动物模型复制结果的客观指标。近年来痴呆动物模型已成为研究老年性痴呆的重要手段。文中评价3种常见拟痴呆动物模型在Morris水迷宫行为学测试中学习记忆行为的差异。方法分别使用SD大鼠、昆明种小鼠以及快速老化小鼠制备Aβ脑室注射致痴呆模型、东莨菪碱腹腔注射致记忆障碍模型、快速老化模型。采用Morris水迷宫行为学测试方法,将这3种模型通过与其相应的对照组比较,考察其行为学差异。结果东莨菪碱模型与快速老化模型逃避潜伏期时间短于相应对照组,其中以东莨菪碱模型差异尤为显著[(35.47±3.78)s vs(50.61±3.94)s,P<0.01];快速老化组模型与对照组差异有统计学意义[(17.39±4.71)s vs(33.79±7.81)s,P<0.05];Aβ致痴呆模型与其对照组比较,模型定位航行实验成绩差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论东莨菪碱腹腔注射致记忆障碍模型较其他2种常用模型更为理想。Morris水迷宫行为学测试方法是一种评价拟痴呆动物的理想方法。

S－3307和PP333对水稻秧苗促蘖效应的比较测定及其与植物内源激素关系的研究

本文报导Ｓ─３３０７和ＰＰ３３３对水稻秧苗促蘖效应的比较测定及其与植物内源激素关系的研究结果：（一）用４０ｐｐｍＳ－３３０７和４００ｐｐｍＰＰ３３３进行浸种处理的水稻秧苗，在三叶一心期分别有６５．０１％和１９．７９％的植株出现分蘖，对照秧苗无分蘖出现。Ｓ－３３０７和ＰＰ３３３对水稻均有促蘖效应，而前者的促蘖效应大于后者，（二）经Ｓ－３３０７和ＰＰ３３３处理的秧苗以及对照秧苗，在三叶一心期的苗体内，每克鲜重ＣＴＫ含量分别为１３４６．４、８４２．４、８６．４ｐｍｏｌ／ｇ；ＣＴＫ／ＩＡＡ的比例分别为３．６９、２．５４、０．２９．在同期测定了秧苗休内可溶性糖、淀粉和全糖以及可溶性氮、蛋白质和全氮含量，它们在三种处理苗体内无明显差异。（三）本试验结果表明：Ｓ－３３０７对水稻的促蘖效应大于ＰＰ３３３．Ｓ－３３０７和ＰＰ３３３的促蘖效应与其提高水稻秧苗体内ＣＴＫ含量和ＣＴＫ／ＩＡＡ比例密切相关，其中Ｓ－３３０７提高ＣＴＫ含量和ＣＴＫ／ＩＡＡ比例的作用大于ＰＰ３３３，这一点与Ｓ－３３０７的促蘖效应大于ＰＰ３３３的结果是相吻合的。