The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the...The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. These experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.展开更多
In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese go...In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese government issued a guideline on accelerating the construction of a unified national market.The issue was also a focus at the annual Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2023.展开更多
MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision...MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision has secured an unprecedented number of new orders in many fields of the textile industry.The company has subsequently been recruiting additional staff in order to beef up its operations to meet delivery times and to grow capacity for the ongoing increased demand.展开更多
Publish/subscribe paradigm paves a way to integrate and serve many scalable, inter-operable Internet of Things(IoT) applications. The increasing IoT applications require new properties of publish/subscribe communicati...Publish/subscribe paradigm paves a way to integrate and serve many scalable, inter-operable Internet of Things(IoT) applications. The increasing IoT applications require new properties of publish/subscribe communication model, for example, strict quality of service(Qo S) guarantees, supporting a large number of widely distributed devices, etc. Software Defined Networking(SDN) enables personalized programming and individualized QoS supports for different applications. The combination of the two will have a good prospect. In this paper, we present an IoT-oriented communication platform which combines the publish/subscribe paradigm with SDN, aiming at establishing an IoT ecosystem to facilitate IoT services/applications accessing internet. We design the interaction logic of topic-based publish/subscribe middleware, and describe the setup and maintenance of topology information as well as event routing in detail, considering the characteristics of SDN. Finally, we exemplify its practicability with a deployed District Heating Control and Information Service System(DHCISS) and validity the effectiveness with some experiments.展开更多
The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line(DSL) systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization(PSO) theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and...The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line(DSL) systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization(PSO) theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and rate constraints.PSO is a new evolution algorithm based on the social behavior of swarms, which can solve discontinuous, nonconvex and nonlinear problems efficiently.The proposed algorithm can converge to the global optimal solution, and numerical example demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the fast convergence within a few iterations.展开更多
Publish/subscribe paradigm is often adopted to create the communication infrastructure of the Internet of Things(IoT)for many clients to access enormous real-time sensor data.However,most current publish/subscribe mid...Publish/subscribe paradigm is often adopted to create the communication infrastructure of the Internet of Things(IoT)for many clients to access enormous real-time sensor data.However,most current publish/subscribe middlewares are based on traditional ossified IP networks,which are difficult to enable Quality of Service(QoS).How to design the next generation publish/subscribe middleware has become an urgent problem.The emerging Software Defined Networking(SDN)provides new opportunities to improve the QoS of publish/subscribe facilities for delivering events in IoT owing to its customized programmability and centralized control.We can encode event topics,priorities and security policies into flow entries of SDN-enabled switches to satisfy personalized QoS needs.In this paper,we propose a cross-layer QoS enabled SDN-like publish/subscribe communication infrastructure,aiming at building an IoT platform to seamlessly connect IoT services with SDN networks and improving the QoS of delivering events.We first present an SDN-like topic-oriented publish/subscribe middleware architecture with a cross-layer QoS control framework.Then we discuss prototype implementation,including topic management,topology maintenance,event routing and policy management.In the end,we use differentiated services and cross-layer access control as cross-layer QoS scenarios to verify the prototype.Experimental results show that our middleware is effective.展开更多
With the rapid development of wireless local area network (WLAN) technology, an important target of indoor positioning systems is to improve the positioning accuracy while reducing the online calibration effort to o...With the rapid development of wireless local area network (WLAN) technology, an important target of indoor positioning systems is to improve the positioning accuracy while reducing the online calibration effort to overcome signal time-varying. A novel fingerprint positioning algorithm, known as the adaptive radio map with updated method based on hidden Markov model (HMM), is proposed. It is shown that by using a collection of user traces that can be cheaply obtained, the proposed algorithm can take advantage of these data to update the labeled calibration data to further improve the position estimation accuracy. This algorithm is a combination of machine learning, information gain theory and fingerprinting. By collecting data and testing the algorithm in a realistic indoor WLAN environment, the experiment results indicate that, compared with the widely used K nearest neighbor algorithm, the proposed algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy while greatly reduce the calibration effort.展开更多
Providing end-to-end delay guarantees in traditional Internet is a complex task due to the distributed nature of TCP/IP protocols. Software Defined Networking(SDN) gives a new dimension to improve QoS(Quality of Servi...Providing end-to-end delay guarantees in traditional Internet is a complex task due to the distributed nature of TCP/IP protocols. Software Defined Networking(SDN) gives a new dimension to improve QoS(Quality of Service) as it can benefit from its flexibility, programmability and centralized view. In this paper, we provide delay-guaranteed data transmission service instead of "best efforts" service for a topic-based publish/subscribe system by means of exploring these specific features of SDN. We attribute this routing problem in such conditions to Delay-Constraint Lowest Cost Steiner Tree(DCLCST) problem. To solve it, we compute the shortest delay paths from source node to every subscribe node and the shortest cost paths from every subscribe node to any other node using dijkstra algorithm. Then we construct a delay-constraint least cost steiner tree for per-topic based on these paths as multicast tree. We also present experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms and methods we proposed.展开更多
Standard based Pub/Sub middleware, such as OMG Data Distribution Service (DDS), could assume a key role in supporting computer communications requiring continuous state information updating, deterministic deadline to ...Standard based Pub/Sub middleware, such as OMG Data Distribution Service (DDS), could assume a key role in supporting computer communications requiring continuous state information updating, deterministic deadline to data delivering and real time information adjourning. This kind of capability could be well ex-ploited by Peer-To-Peer (P2P) systems, Internet-wide as long as private ones, like in Public Safety or Civil Protection Communication Systems;but Pub/Sub specifications, and DDS/RTPS (Real Time Publish Sub-scribe) as well, usually do not provide Authentication & Authorization (AA) mechanisms. In the present work two important novelties are assessed: a possible scheme to implement AA in DDS/RTPS networks and a time performance evaluation study about embedded Authentication in RTPS.展开更多
Wireless sensor network nodes have only limited resources concerning memory and battery life-time. Mem- ory can be efficiently used by sharing data, and the life-time of a battery can be extended, when the node has lo...Wireless sensor network nodes have only limited resources concerning memory and battery life-time. Mem- ory can be efficiently used by sharing data, and the life-time of a battery can be extended, when the node has long power saving sleep-phases. We propose a publish/subscribe architecture that achieves these two aims. The results of our work are of great interest for sensor application developers, giving them now the opportu- nity to use our architecture for sharing data among different applications on the node as well as the different layers of the operating system. We introduce a blackboard which is used for centrally storing published val- ues, like measured data from a monitored sensor. This makes it possible to share stored data without monitoring the sensors once again, which is advantageously concerning power consumption, memory space, and reaction time. Beside the proposed publish/subscribe method for sensor nodes with its notification possibili- ties, our architecture fulfills also real-time requirements. We show how the well-known sensor operating system MANTIS OS can be extended by a real-time enabled, blackboard-based publish/subscribe architect- ture. This architecture and first of all its implementation is of special interest for cross layer optimization of sensor applications. Cross-layer approaches benefit from our architecture because the available implementa- tion can be used as an efficient framework for central storing and managing of shared values.展开更多
WS-Notification bundle of standards, WS-BaseNotification, WS-Topics, and WS-BrokeredNotification, can be used as a general purpose publish/subscribe interface for Service Oriented Architectures. We provide an overview...WS-Notification bundle of standards, WS-BaseNotification, WS-Topics, and WS-BrokeredNotification, can be used as a general purpose publish/subscribe interface for Service Oriented Architectures. We provide an overview of the WS-Notification specification and describe a modified publish and subscribe model based on WS-Notification. The model is an adaptive policy-driven notification framework that can help enterprises to meet the flexibility and respon-siveness requirements of the enterprise. With the modified publish/subscribe model, information consumers can dy-namically and declaratively create and configure entities on their behalves to manage their distribution requirements.展开更多
Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics (TNUAA, in English) is a comprehensive academic publication which deals mainly with the research achievements in aeronautics, civil aviation, astron...Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics (TNUAA, in English) is a comprehensive academic publication which deals mainly with the research achievements in aeronautics, civil aviation, astronautics and their theoretical basis. It is published by Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, and has started its publication since Oct.展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publication sponsored by ChinaPatent Agent(H.K.)Ltd. The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and has been edited and pub...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publication sponsored by ChinaPatent Agent(H.K.)Ltd. The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and has been edited and published in HongKong for distribution in China and abroad.展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent(H.K.)Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and publi...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent(H.K.)Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and pub...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and pub...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical workof patent application,trademark registration and copyright protection in China;concrete examples展开更多
文摘The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey bees (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey bees exhibit the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our laboratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey bee performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if bees could differentiate between the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference by presenting bees with a choice between the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. Results revealed that bees were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not able to expect reward or punishment based on cap weight. These experiments contribute to the debate on whether bees have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the behaviorist interpretation.
文摘In recent years,China has implemented measures to advance the building of a unified national market,aiming to boost domestic demand and consolidate the foundations of its economic recovery.In March 2022,the Chinese government issued a guideline on accelerating the construction of a unified national market.The issue was also a focus at the annual Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2023.
文摘MANCHESTER,UK-Having successfully demonstrated its WebSpector automated fabric inspection system detecting faults on camouflage fabrics at speeds of up to 100metres a minute during ITMA 2023,BTMA member Shelton Vision has secured an unprecedented number of new orders in many fields of the textile industry.The company has subsequently been recruiting additional staff in order to beef up its operations to meet delivery times and to grow capacity for the ongoing increased demand.
基金supported by National Hightech R&D Program of China (863 Program) under Grant (No. 2013AA102301)Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant (No. U1536112)
文摘Publish/subscribe paradigm paves a way to integrate and serve many scalable, inter-operable Internet of Things(IoT) applications. The increasing IoT applications require new properties of publish/subscribe communication model, for example, strict quality of service(Qo S) guarantees, supporting a large number of widely distributed devices, etc. Software Defined Networking(SDN) enables personalized programming and individualized QoS supports for different applications. The combination of the two will have a good prospect. In this paper, we present an IoT-oriented communication platform which combines the publish/subscribe paradigm with SDN, aiming at establishing an IoT ecosystem to facilitate IoT services/applications accessing internet. We design the interaction logic of topic-based publish/subscribe middleware, and describe the setup and maintenance of topology information as well as event routing in detail, considering the characteristics of SDN. Finally, we exemplify its practicability with a deployed District Heating Control and Information Service System(DHCISS) and validity the effectiveness with some experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars (60525303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60904048+2 种基金 60404022 60604012)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei province (F2005000390)
文摘The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line(DSL) systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization(PSO) theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and rate constraints.PSO is a new evolution algorithm based on the social behavior of swarms, which can solve discontinuous, nonconvex and nonlinear problems efficiently.The proposed algorithm can converge to the global optimal solution, and numerical example demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the fast convergence within a few iterations.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB1003800).
文摘Publish/subscribe paradigm is often adopted to create the communication infrastructure of the Internet of Things(IoT)for many clients to access enormous real-time sensor data.However,most current publish/subscribe middlewares are based on traditional ossified IP networks,which are difficult to enable Quality of Service(QoS).How to design the next generation publish/subscribe middleware has become an urgent problem.The emerging Software Defined Networking(SDN)provides new opportunities to improve the QoS of publish/subscribe facilities for delivering events in IoT owing to its customized programmability and centralized control.We can encode event topics,priorities and security policies into flow entries of SDN-enabled switches to satisfy personalized QoS needs.In this paper,we propose a cross-layer QoS enabled SDN-like publish/subscribe communication infrastructure,aiming at building an IoT platform to seamlessly connect IoT services with SDN networks and improving the QoS of delivering events.We first present an SDN-like topic-oriented publish/subscribe middleware architecture with a cross-layer QoS control framework.Then we discuss prototype implementation,including topic management,topology maintenance,event routing and policy management.In the end,we use differentiated services and cross-layer access control as cross-layer QoS scenarios to verify the prototype.Experimental results show that our middleware is effective.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61571162)the Major National Science and Technology Project(2014ZX03004003-005)
文摘With the rapid development of wireless local area network (WLAN) technology, an important target of indoor positioning systems is to improve the positioning accuracy while reducing the online calibration effort to overcome signal time-varying. A novel fingerprint positioning algorithm, known as the adaptive radio map with updated method based on hidden Markov model (HMM), is proposed. It is shown that by using a collection of user traces that can be cheaply obtained, the proposed algorithm can take advantage of these data to update the labeled calibration data to further improve the position estimation accuracy. This algorithm is a combination of machine learning, information gain theory and fingerprinting. By collecting data and testing the algorithm in a realistic indoor WLAN environment, the experiment results indicate that, compared with the widely used K nearest neighbor algorithm, the proposed algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy while greatly reduce the calibration effort.
基金Acknowledgements This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60971083, National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No. 2009AA01Z206 and National International Science and Technology Cooperation Project under Granted NO.2008DFA12090.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants U1804164, 61902112 and U1404602in part by the Science and Technology Foundation of Henan Educational Committee under Grants 19A510015, 20A520019 and 20A520020the Doctoral Research Project of Henan Normal University under Grant 5101119170149
文摘Providing end-to-end delay guarantees in traditional Internet is a complex task due to the distributed nature of TCP/IP protocols. Software Defined Networking(SDN) gives a new dimension to improve QoS(Quality of Service) as it can benefit from its flexibility, programmability and centralized view. In this paper, we provide delay-guaranteed data transmission service instead of "best efforts" service for a topic-based publish/subscribe system by means of exploring these specific features of SDN. We attribute this routing problem in such conditions to Delay-Constraint Lowest Cost Steiner Tree(DCLCST) problem. To solve it, we compute the shortest delay paths from source node to every subscribe node and the shortest cost paths from every subscribe node to any other node using dijkstra algorithm. Then we construct a delay-constraint least cost steiner tree for per-topic based on these paths as multicast tree. We also present experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms and methods we proposed.
文摘Standard based Pub/Sub middleware, such as OMG Data Distribution Service (DDS), could assume a key role in supporting computer communications requiring continuous state information updating, deterministic deadline to data delivering and real time information adjourning. This kind of capability could be well ex-ploited by Peer-To-Peer (P2P) systems, Internet-wide as long as private ones, like in Public Safety or Civil Protection Communication Systems;but Pub/Sub specifications, and DDS/RTPS (Real Time Publish Sub-scribe) as well, usually do not provide Authentication & Authorization (AA) mechanisms. In the present work two important novelties are assessed: a possible scheme to implement AA in DDS/RTPS networks and a time performance evaluation study about embedded Authentication in RTPS.
文摘Wireless sensor network nodes have only limited resources concerning memory and battery life-time. Mem- ory can be efficiently used by sharing data, and the life-time of a battery can be extended, when the node has long power saving sleep-phases. We propose a publish/subscribe architecture that achieves these two aims. The results of our work are of great interest for sensor application developers, giving them now the opportu- nity to use our architecture for sharing data among different applications on the node as well as the different layers of the operating system. We introduce a blackboard which is used for centrally storing published val- ues, like measured data from a monitored sensor. This makes it possible to share stored data without monitoring the sensors once again, which is advantageously concerning power consumption, memory space, and reaction time. Beside the proposed publish/subscribe method for sensor nodes with its notification possibili- ties, our architecture fulfills also real-time requirements. We show how the well-known sensor operating system MANTIS OS can be extended by a real-time enabled, blackboard-based publish/subscribe architect- ture. This architecture and first of all its implementation is of special interest for cross layer optimization of sensor applications. Cross-layer approaches benefit from our architecture because the available implementa- tion can be used as an efficient framework for central storing and managing of shared values.
文摘WS-Notification bundle of standards, WS-BaseNotification, WS-Topics, and WS-BrokeredNotification, can be used as a general purpose publish/subscribe interface for Service Oriented Architectures. We provide an overview of the WS-Notification specification and describe a modified publish and subscribe model based on WS-Notification. The model is an adaptive policy-driven notification framework that can help enterprises to meet the flexibility and respon-siveness requirements of the enterprise. With the modified publish/subscribe model, information consumers can dy-namically and declaratively create and configure entities on their behalves to manage their distribution requirements.
文摘Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics (TNUAA, in English) is a comprehensive academic publication which deals mainly with the research achievements in aeronautics, civil aviation, astronautics and their theoretical basis. It is published by Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, and has started its publication since Oct.
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publication sponsored by ChinaPatent Agent(H.K.)Ltd. The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and has been edited and published in HongKong for distribution in China and abroad.
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent(H.K.)Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical workof patent application,trademark registration and copyright protection in China;concrete examples