Broadband ＆ Digital Content-Couple Subscriber Cooperative Relaying Networks for Uplink Transmission using Hierarchical Game Approach

Cooperation allows wireless network users to benefit from various gains such as an in- crease in the achieved rate or an improvement in the bit error rate. In the paper, we propose a distributed Hierarchical Game （HG） theoretic framework over multi-user cooperative communication networks to stimulate cooperation and improve the network performance. First, we study a two- user decision making game in the OFDMA based subscriber cooperative relaying network, in which subscribers transmit their own data in the first phase, while helping to retransmit their partner＇s or choosing to freeride in the second phase. Instead of consulting to a global optimal solution, we decouple the cooperation resource allocation into two level subproblems： a user level Nash game for distributed cooperation decision and a Base Station （BS） level coalition game for centralized resource allocation. In the proposed HG algorithm, where mutual cooperation is preferred and total payoff is transferable, we prove it converges to a unique optimal equilibrium and resolve the subcarrier as-signment and power allocation among the couples. Besides, we discuss the existence of the publishing and rewarding coefficients in order to encourage cooperation. Then, we extend the HG to multi-user cases by coupling among subscribers according to the location information. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme with the distributed HG game achieves a well tradeoff between fairness and efficiency by improving the transmission efficiency of adverse users and outperforms those employing centralized schemes.

Margin optimization algorithm for digital subscriber lines based on particle swarm optimization

The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line（DSL） systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization（PSO） theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and rate constraints.PSO is a new evolution algorithm based on the social behavior of swarms, which can solve discontinuous, nonconvex and nonlinear problems efficiently.The proposed algorithm can converge to the global optimal solution, and numerical example demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the fast convergence within a few iterations.

Radio map updated method based on subscriber locations in indoor WLAN localization

With the rapid development of wireless local area network （WLAN） technology, an important target of indoor positioning systems is to improve the positioning accuracy while reducing the online calibration effort to overcome signal time-varying. A novel fingerprint positioning algorithm, known as the adaptive radio map with updated method based on hidden Markov model （HMM）, is proposed. It is shown that by using a collection of user traces that can be cheaply obtained, the proposed algorithm can take advantage of these data to update the labeled calibration data to further improve the position estimation accuracy. This algorithm is a combination of machine learning, information gain theory and fingerprinting. By collecting data and testing the algorithm in a realistic indoor WLAN environment, the experiment results indicate that, compared with the widely used K nearest neighbor algorithm, the proposed algorithm can improve the positioning accuracy while greatly reduce the calibration effort.

User Churn Prediction Hierarchical Model Based on Graph Attention Convolutional Neural Networks

The telecommunications industry is becoming increasingly aware of potential subscriber churn as a result of the growing popularity of smartphones in the mobile Internet era,the quick development of telecommunications services,the implementation of the number portability policy,and the intensifying competition among operators.At the same time,users'consumption preferences and choices are evolving.Excellent churn prediction models must be created in order to accurately predict the churn tendency,since keeping existing customers is far less expensive than acquiring new ones.But conventional or learning-based algorithms can only go so far into a single subscriber's data;they cannot take into consideration changes in a subscriber's subscription and ignore the coupling and correlation between various features.Additionally,the current churn prediction models have a high computational burden,a fuzzy weight distribution,and significant resource economic costs.The prediction algorithms involving network models currently in use primarily take into account the private information shared between users with text and pictures,ignoring the reference value supplied by other users with the same package.This work suggests a user churn prediction model based on Graph Attention Convolutional Neural Network(GAT-CNN)to address the aforementioned issues.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,we present a three-tiered hierarchical cloud-edge cooperative framework that increases the volume of user feature input by means of two aggregations at the device,edge,and cloud layers.Second,we extend the use of users'own data by introducing self-attention and graph convolution models to track the relative changes of both users and packages simultaneously.Lastly,we build an integrated offline-online system for churn prediction based on the strengths of the two models,and we experimentally validate the efficacy of cloudside collaborative training and inference.In summary,the churn prediction model based on Graph Attention Convolutional Neural Network presented in this paper can effectively address the drawbacks of conventional algorithms and offer telecom operators crucial decision support in developing subscriber retention strategies and cutting operational expenses.

A Bridge Between Editors and Subscribers

When you get this issue, I believe the first question you will ask would be, "Why does it come out late?" Now let me tell you why. As you may have known, TEIC has been handed over to FLTRP and during the transaction there have been some chaos, which is a quite common phenomenon during any transaction, isn’t it? All the contributions have been mixed up and I have to sort them out. I can’t publish an article which has appeared in the previous issues, can I?

Locating Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM)Base Stations Using Geographic Information System(GIS)

The global system for mobile communication(GSM)is planned to meet the needs of the whole subscribers.The number of subscribers increased as the population increased due to the acceptance of GSM services by the subscribers.Thus,there should be a way to monitor base stations that will meet the increasing demand of subscribers in any area as a population surge will lead to more subscriptions.This will allow GSM network operators to serve their subscribers better and ease network congestion.This work presents a review of mobile evolution from the first generation to the fifth generation.A review of global positioning system(GPS)technology and its applications to geographic information systems(GIS)was done.The coordinates of these base stations were taken using a GPS device.These base station coordinates were then exported to QGIS for the design of the map.Thereafter,the output map was then integrated into the website.The discussions on the results followed and some useful suggestions given will go a long way to help the operators of GSM in Nigeria and in general.If the propositions given are adhered to,it will go a long way to help the operators reduce congestion on their network and thereby increase the satisfaction of the subscribers.

一种CLF芯片与SIM卡芯片连接的方法

在NFC技术中,CLF芯片与SIM卡的连接是一个重要问题,本文提出了一种具有自主知识产权的CLF与SIM卡的通信方法,采用新的调制解调方式,使得S2信号在S1信号高低电平时都能传输,实现单线连接NFC与SIM卡,以及它们之间的全双工通信。通过对该方法进行电路级的设计和仿真,验证了该方法的正确性和稳定性。

多网融合环境下的HSS部署策略探析

随着各大运营商LTE网络建设大规模展开,多网融合的移动通信核心网建设成为必然趋势。融合核心网将为用户提供传统语音的同时,带来全新体验的高速数据业务。本文旨在研究作为用户数据存储中心及移动性管理实现的重要网元HSS在多网融合环境下的部署策略,通过多种方案的分析对比,探析其网络定位、目标架构以及演进策略。

一种基于语义的P2P网格资源发现模型

网格环境中资源的有效管理和发现在网格研究中占有十分重要的地位。文章提出了一种基于语义和P2P技术的新的网格资源发现模型——Semantic-basedPeertoPeerGrid(简称SPTOPGrid)。该模型采用P2P技术进行资源检索,每个peer节点都能提供资源描述和某个知识领域的本体库(ontology);采用publish/subscribe模式进行资源分发;利用语义知识库进行资源的匹配,进行智能化的资源搜索,能够适应网格资源的复杂性、异构性和动态性,具有良好的扩展性。

基于中间件在企业信息系统中的应用

随着Internet的发展,新一代ERP系统不仅仅是将原有的ERP应用在Web上简单延伸,于是应用服务器成为ERP系统新的中间件需求。无论是ERP系统中模块之间的互通、互操作,还是应用构件的搭建与跨环境的部署和管理,都需要中间件作为基础层次的支撑。

A Secure Short Message Communication Protocol

According to the security requirement of the short message service （SMS） industry application, a secure short message communication protocol is proposed. This is an application level protocol constructed on the standard SMS communication protocol using public key authentication and key agreement without the need of wireless public key infrastructure （WPKI）. Secure short message transmission and dynamic key agreement between mobile terminals and the accessing gateway axe realized. The security of the proposed protocol is validated through the BAN logic. Compared with the standard SMS protocol, the effective payload rate of our protocol can reach 91.4%, and subscriber identity module （SIM） tool kit （STK） applications based on our protocol suit well for all kinds of mobile terminals in practical application.

采用IMSI+ESN寻呼方式规避法用户干扰问题

C网网络中存在与合法用户的IMSI相同但ESN不同的非法卡,当该合法用户作被叫时,如果非法卡先于合法用户回寻呼响应消息,核心网侧会因为非法卡ESN与核心网不一致而拒绝,合法用户因此无法正常作为语音和短信被叫。本文针对这类非法复制卡干扰合法用户正常通信的问题,给出了一种IMSI+ESN综合寻呼解决方案,通过BSC无线侧用户合法性核查后,再向核心侧回寻呼响应消息,规避了非法用户由于率先响应寻呼消息而造成的对合法用户的干扰。应用实践证明,方案有效解决了该类型复制卡干扰问题,保障了合法用户的利益;同时对语音和短信被叫成功率、短信首次下发成功率指标等均有帮助,并能间接降低补卡带来的营销成本。该方案已在四川全省推广应用。

Load-balancing data distribution in publish/subscribe mode

To improve data distribution efficiency a load-balancing data distribution LBDD method is proposed in publish/subscribe mode.In the LBDD method subscribers are involved in distribution tasks and data transfers while receiving data themselves.A dissemination tree is constructed among the subscribers based on MD5 where the publisher acts as the root. The proposed method provides bucket construction target selection and path updates furthermore the property of one-way dissemination is proven.That the average out-going degree of a node is 2 is guaranteed with the proposed LBDD.The experiments on data distribution delay data distribution rate and load distribution are conducted. Experimental results show that the LBDD method aids in shaping the task load between the publisher and subscribers and outperforms the point-to-point approach.

Vega Prime之OpenGL文字显示程序设计

采用Vega Prime与OpenGL混合编程的方法,在Vega Prime虚拟场景中,实现用OpenGL代码显示文字和绘制十字丝。结合实例讨论了Vega Prime与OpenGL混合编程以及OpenGL显示文字的方法。

VSS BASED SESSION SETUP MECHANISM IN IMS

This paper proposes a novel session setup mechanism in IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem) by introducing the functional entity termed VSS(Visitor Subscriber Server) which is used to provide registration and location management.The new mechanism aims at improving session setup procedure by a betterment of location management in IMS.Through the use of two-tier subscriber information database constituted by the HSS(Home Subscriber Server) and the VSS, the new mechanism seperates the registration procedure and location management from the S-CSCF(Serving-Call'Session Control Function), and makes them be handled by the VSS.At the same time, the new mechanism updates the signaling procedure of registration and session setup.With VSS based location management, the cost of registeration and session setup procedure as well as the delay of session setup procedure become lower.The cost and delay functions of the new session setup mechanism as well as the cost function of new registeration are deduced.Then, simulations and analysis verify that the performance of this new mechanism gets the benefit in cost and time.

Investigation of Upstream Near-Far Problem in VDSL Systems via Complete Adaptive Iterative Water Filling Algorithm

Crosstalk is the main degrading factor in Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) systems which are the result of electromagnetic coupling between two adjacent twisted pairs in a cable. Very-high bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) systems which use higher frequencies for data transmission than the other DSL systems, this effect is more considerable in Bit Error Rate (BER) degradation. This paper considers a complete adaptive iterative water-filling (IWF) algorithm for Resolving Upstream Near-Far Problem in VDSL Systems. The new distributed dynamic spectrum management algorithm is proposed, which improve achievable bit rate of iterative water-filling algorithm. The paper proffers a new power back-off strategy of the spectral mask at the near-end users, in order to protect the far-end users. Simulation of the proposed algorithm indicates that the bit rate is increased considerably rather the IWF and adaptive water-filling (AIWF) algorithms by keeping their low complexity. Furthermore, by adding the number of users in network, the new algorithm achieves performance gains over the AIWF, completely adaptive.

Evaluation of Broadband Network Performance in Nigeria

Broadband provides high speed data transmission to Internet and 4G networks were developed to transform broadband technology with higher data rate and enhanced quality of service. The performance of broadband network in Nigeria in terms of type, purpose and speed was evaluated in this work. Some quarters at Ilesa and Oba-Ile in Akure were chosen as rural areas, while Abuja and Lagos represented the urban areas of the study. Questionnaires were administered among users in these areas randomly. Thereafter, data were analyzed and research questions answered from the analyzed results. The results showed that the majority of the respondents operated on wireless broadband technologies. The download speed is generally above 100 mbps in urban areas and below in rural areas, with MTN having the highest number of subscribers. In addition, most of the Internet surfers download files. With these characteristics, it was discovered that the network operators were deploying 3G systems as broadband instead of 4G systems.

基于P/S消息中间件的数据交换平台的构建

探讨了一个发布/订阅消息中间件InforBroker的体系结构和核心机制,以一个两级数据交换平台建设实例为背景,分析了消息代理机制在数据交换平台构建和信息集成中的特点与优势。

The Effect of Windings on ADSL Transformer Insertion Losses

Insertion loss （IL） is one of the important parameters of asymmetrical digital subscriber loop （ADSL） transformers. In different frequency bands, the factors that affect insertion loss are different. Windings mainly affect insertion loss in mid and high frequency bands. The effects of winding ways, winding wire diameter and winding turns on insertion loss were discussed. The presented experiment shows that the insertion loss of an ADSL transformer could be under 0.4 dB in mid frequency band when the winding is 30 turns, in which the ADSL transformer satisfies the requirement of total harmonic distortion （THD）. Our experiments also show that the sandwich winding structure is better than the side by side winding structure and the twisted-pair winding structure, and the increase of winding diameter is one means to reduce insertion losses of an ADSL transformer in mid frequency band.