indica and japonica are the two most important subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. Identifying mechanisms responsible for population differentiation in these subspecies is important for indica-japonica hybridization ...indica and japonica are the two most important subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. Identifying mechanisms responsible for population differentiation in these subspecies is important for indica-japonica hybridization breeding. In this study, subspecies and economic trait differentiation patterns were analyzed using morphological and molecular （InDel and Intron Length Polymorphism） data in F2 and F3 populations derived from indica-japonica hybridization. Populations were grown in Liaoning and Guangdong provinces, China, with F3 populations generated from F2 populations using bulk harvesting （BM） and single-seed descent methods （SSD）. Segregation distortion was detected in F3-BM populations, but not in F3- SSD or in F2 populations. Superior performance was observed with respect to economic traits in Liaoning compared with that in Guangdong and 1 000-grain weight （KW）, seed setting rate （SSR） and grain yield per plant （GYP） were significantly correlated with indica and japonica subspecies types. Analysis of molecular and morphological data demonstrated that the environment is the main factor giving rise to population differentiation in indica-japonica hybridization. In addition, we also found that KW, SSR and GYP are related to subspecies characteristics and kinship, which is possibly a significant factor resulting in economic trait differentiation and determining environmental adaptability. Our study has provided new insights into the process of population differentiation in these subspecies to inform indica-japonica hybridization breeding.展开更多
The countable characters of Qingdao, Zhejiang, Liaoning and Japanese Ayu arecompared. There are no substantial different characters among the former three Ayu, so thecomprehensive values of them are taken as represent...The countable characters of Qingdao, Zhejiang, Liaoning and Japanese Ayu arecompared. There are no substantial different characters among the former three Ayu, so thecomprehensive values of them are taken as representative of Chinese Ayu, which is in turn comparedwith Japanese Ayu ( Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis and Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis). By thecoefficient of difference test, 3 and 4 characters are found to be beyond the subspecies levelbetween Chinese Ayu and nominate subspecies (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) and between ChineseAyu (Plecoglossus altivelis chinensis) and Ryukyus subspecies (Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis),respectively, which shows that they belong to different subspecies. The China mainland Ayu is a newsubspecies, Plecoglossus altivelis chinensis Wu and Shan, the establishment of which and its formingcauses are discussed.展开更多
The Asian cultivated rice Oryza sativa can be classified into two major subspecies:japonica/geng and indica/xian.There are large physiological and phenotypic differences between the two subspecies,with each having its...The Asian cultivated rice Oryza sativa can be classified into two major subspecies:japonica/geng and indica/xian.There are large physiological and phenotypic differences between the two subspecies,with each having its advantages and disadvantages.Understanding the differences between xian and geng could provide a foundation for cultivar improvement based on hybridization between subspecies in order to synthesize favorable traits.We review the origin and domestication of xian and geng rice,compare their differences in terms of physiological and phenotypical traits,and describe the molecular mechanism differences between the subspecies.Based on this knowledge,we propose an ideal plant architecture of geng rice varieties for northern regions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971845)
文摘indica and japonica are the two most important subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. Identifying mechanisms responsible for population differentiation in these subspecies is important for indica-japonica hybridization breeding. In this study, subspecies and economic trait differentiation patterns were analyzed using morphological and molecular （InDel and Intron Length Polymorphism） data in F2 and F3 populations derived from indica-japonica hybridization. Populations were grown in Liaoning and Guangdong provinces, China, with F3 populations generated from F2 populations using bulk harvesting （BM） and single-seed descent methods （SSD）. Segregation distortion was detected in F3-BM populations, but not in F3- SSD or in F2 populations. Superior performance was observed with respect to economic traits in Liaoning compared with that in Guangdong and 1 000-grain weight （KW）, seed setting rate （SSR） and grain yield per plant （GYP） were significantly correlated with indica and japonica subspecies types. Analysis of molecular and morphological data demonstrated that the environment is the main factor giving rise to population differentiation in indica-japonica hybridization. In addition, we also found that KW, SSR and GYP are related to subspecies characteristics and kinship, which is possibly a significant factor resulting in economic trait differentiation and determining environmental adaptability. Our study has provided new insights into the process of population differentiation in these subspecies to inform indica-japonica hybridization breeding.
文摘The countable characters of Qingdao, Zhejiang, Liaoning and Japanese Ayu arecompared. There are no substantial different characters among the former three Ayu, so thecomprehensive values of them are taken as representative of Chinese Ayu, which is in turn comparedwith Japanese Ayu ( Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis and Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis). By thecoefficient of difference test, 3 and 4 characters are found to be beyond the subspecies levelbetween Chinese Ayu and nominate subspecies (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) and between ChineseAyu (Plecoglossus altivelis chinensis) and Ryukyus subspecies (Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis),respectively, which shows that they belong to different subspecies. The China mainland Ayu is a newsubspecies, Plecoglossus altivelis chinensis Wu and Shan, the establishment of which and its formingcauses are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071982 and U1708231).
文摘The Asian cultivated rice Oryza sativa can be classified into two major subspecies:japonica/geng and indica/xian.There are large physiological and phenotypic differences between the two subspecies,with each having its advantages and disadvantages.Understanding the differences between xian and geng could provide a foundation for cultivar improvement based on hybridization between subspecies in order to synthesize favorable traits.We review the origin and domestication of xian and geng rice,compare their differences in terms of physiological and phenotypical traits,and describe the molecular mechanism differences between the subspecies.Based on this knowledge,we propose an ideal plant architecture of geng rice varieties for northern regions.
