MHD flow of upper-convected Maxwell fluid over porous stretching sheet using successive Taylor series linearization method

This paper investigates the magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） boundary layer flow of an incompressible upper-convected Maxwell （UCM） fluid over a porous stretching surface. Similarity transformations are used to reduce the governing partial differential equations into a kind of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The nonlinear prob- lem is solved by using the successive Taylor series linearization method （STSLM）. The computations for velocity components are carried out for the emerging parameters. The numerical values of the skin friction coefficient are presented and analyzed for various parameters of interest in the problem.

A Successive Shift Box-Counting Method for Calculating Fractal Dimensions and Its Application in Identification of Faults

Fractal dimensions of a terrain quantitatively describe the self-organizedstructure of the terrain geometry. However, the local topographic variation cannot be illustrated bythe conventional box-counting method. This paper proposes a successive shift box-counting method,in which the studied object is divided into small sub-objects that are composed of a series of gridsaccording to its characteristic scaling. The terrain fractal dimensions in the grids are calculatedwith the successive shift box-counting method and the scattered points with values of fractaldimensions are obtained. The present research shows that the planar variation of fractal dimensionsis well consistent with fault traces and geological boundaries.

Method of Successive Approximations for a Fluid Structure Interaction Problem

In this paper, we present a method for solving coupled problem. This method is mainly based on the successive approximations method. The external force acting on the structure is replaced by λ = p (x1, H + u (x1, λ)). Then we have a nonlinear equation of unknown?λ to solve by successive approximations method. By this method, we obtain easily the analytic expression of the displacement. In addition, good results are obtained with only a few iterations.

The Successive Approximation Method for Solving Nonlinear Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Kind Using Maple

In this paper, we will use the successive approximation method for solving Fredholm integral equation of the second kind using Maple18. By means of this method, an algorithm is successfully established for solving the non-linear Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Finally, several examples are presented to illustrate the application of the algorithm and results appear that this method is very effective and convenient to solve these equations.

Hybrid Methods for Computing the Streamfunction and Velocity Potential for Complex Flow Fields over Mesoscale Domains

Three types of previously used numerical methods are revisited for computing the streamfunctionψand velocity potentialχfrom the horizontal velocity v in limited domains.The first type,called the SOR-based method,uses a classical successive over-relaxation(SOR)scheme to computeψ(orχ)first with an arbitrary boundary condition(BC)and thenχ(orψ)with the BC derived from v.The second type,called the spectral method,uses spectral formulations to construct the inner part of(ψ,χ)-the inversion of(vorticity,divergence)with a homogeneous BC,and then the remaining harmonic part of(ψ,χ)with BCs from v.The third type,called the integral method,uses integral formulas to compute the internally induced(ψ,χ)-the inversion of domain-internal(vorticity,divergence)using the free-space Greenꞌs function without BCs and then the remaining harmonicψ(orχ)with BCs from v minus the internally-induced part.Although these methods have previously been successfully applied to flows in large-scale and synoptic-scale domains,their accuracy is compromised when applied to complex flows over mesoscale domains,as shown in this paper.To resolve this problem,two hybrid approaches,the integral-SOR method and the integral-spectral method,are developed by combining the first step of the integral method with the second step adopted from the SOR-based and spectral methods,respectively.Upon testing these methods on real-case complex flows,the integral-SOR method is significantly more accurate than the integral-spectral method,noting that the latter is still generally more accurate than the three previously-used methods.The integral-SOR method is recommended for future applications and diagnostic studies of complex flows.

Soil water repellency and influencing factors of Nitraria tangutorun nebkhas at different succession stages

Abstract： Soil water repellency （WR） is an important physical characteristic of soil surface. It is capable of largely influencing the hydrological and geomorphological processes of soil, as well as affecting the ecological processes of plants, such as growth and seed germination, and has thus been a hot topic in recent research around the world. In this paper, the capillary rise method was used to study the soil WR characteristics of Nitraria tangutorun nebkhas. Soil water repellencies at different succession stages of Nitraria tangutorun were investigated, and the relationships between soil WR and soil organic matter, total N, and total P, soil texture, pH, and concentrations of CO32, HCO3-, CI, SO42-, Na~, K~, Ca2~ and Mg2＋ were discussed. Soil WR may be demonstrated at the following nebkhas dune evolvement stages： extremely degraded〉degraded〉stabilized〉well developed〉newly developed〉quick sand. Apart from some soil at the bottom, the WR of other soils （crest and slope of dune） was found to be largest at the topsoil, and decreased as the soil depth increased. The results showed that multiple factors affected soil WR characteristics e.g. WR increased significantly as the contents of soil organic matter and total N increased, but did not change as the total P content increased. Soil texture was a key factor affecting soil WR; soil WR increased significantly as clay content increased, and decreased significantly as sand content increased. Low pH was shown to be more suitable for the occurrence of soil WR. Four cations （Ca2＋, Mg2＋, K＋ and Na＋） and two anions （CI and SO42） enhanced soil WR, while CO32-decreased it. HCO3- did not show any observable effect. Finally, we established a best-fit general linear model （GLM） between soil-air-water contact angle （CA） and influencing factors （CA=5.606 sand＋6.496 （clay and silt）-2.353 pH＋470.089 CQ2＋11.346 Na＋-407.707 Cl--14.245 SO42-＋0.734 total N-519.521 ）. It was concluded that all soils contain subcritical WR （0°〈CA〈90°）. The development and succession of Nitraria tangutorun nebkhas may improve the formation of soil subcritical WR. There exist significant relationships between soils subcritical WR and soil physical or chemical properties.

Succession of aquatic microbial communities as a result of the water quality variations in continuous water

The changes of structural and functional parameters of aquatic microbial communities in continuous water on campus of Tsinghua University, China are investigated by polyurethane foam unit(PFU) method. The measured compositions of the communities include alga, protozoa, and some metazoa(such as rotifers). The measured indicators of water quality include water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen(DO), potassium permanganate index(COD Mn ), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP) and chlorophyll-a(Chla). The trophic level, expressed by the trophic level indices(TLIc), is assessed with analytic hierarchy process and principal component analysis(AHP-PCA) method. The changing trends of the structural and functional parameters of aquatic microbial communities, such as Margalef index of diversity(D), Shannon-weaver index of diversity (H), Heterotropy index(HI), number of species when the colonization gets equilibrium(S eq ), colonizing speed constant(G) and time spent when 90 percent of S eq colonized in PFU(T 90% ), are also analyzed. The experimental results showed the succession of aquatic microbial communities along the water flow is consistent with the water quality changes, so the parameters of microbial community can reflect the changes of water quality from the ecological view.

A Technique to Analyse Succession Data from Permanent Plots

Data from vegetation succession study is usually a matrix of plot × species × time.It is difficult to analyse this kind of data at present.A simple technique,clustercentering ordination is described in this paper,which can be used to analyse such a matrix directly.The data of 5 permanent plots in 7 years of inlands and grasslands in Kootwijki,the Netherlands,is analysed using this method as an application example.The results obviously illustrate the trend,direction and speedof community succession and can be easily interbrated.This suggests that clustercentering ordination is an effective and time-saving technique in study of vegetation succession.

Modified iterative method for augmented system

The successive overrelaxation-like （SOR-like） method with the real param- eters ω is considered for solving the augmented system. The new method is called the modified SOR-like （MSOR-like） method. The functional equation between the parameters and the eigenvalues of the iteration matrix of the MSOR-like method is given. Therefore, the necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence of the MSOR-like method is derived. The optimal iteration parameter ω of the MSOR-like method is derived. Finally, the proof of theorem and numerical computation based on a particular linear system are given, which clearly show that the MSOR-like method outperforms the SOR-like （Li, C. J., Li, B. J., and Evans, D. J. Optimum accelerated parameter for the GSOR method. Neural, Parallel ＆ Scientific Computations, 7（4）, 453-462 （1999）） and the modified sym- metric SOR-like （MSSOR-like） methods （Wu, S. L., Huang, T. Z., and Zhao, X. L. A modified SSOR iterative method for augmented systems. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 228（4）, 424-433 （2009））.

A Brief Review for E- Commerce and the Critical Success Factors

Along with the rapid development of information technologies, traditional trade has moved to electronic area. Today, many business activities are performed in electronic environment. Since electronic commerce is rapid and easily reachable, it has begun to attract much more attention by consumers and businesses over time. In this study, a brief review about e-commerce is provided. The main aim is to examine the hot topic of e-commerce with different aspects. The increasing importance of e-commerce is presented by providing statistical support which shows a dramatic increase in total e-commerce sales worldwide. Tools, types, payment methods, and critical success factors of e-commerce are investigated. Eight different tools which can be used in e-commerce are explained. Seven types of e-commerce are classified. In addition, nine payment methods of e-commerce are elaborated. Moreover, three main critical success factors including eight sub-factors are structured in a hierarchical form to aid the companies in e-commerce. Depending on these critical success factors, this study aims to set a well-organized base in order to decide the best e-commerce company in further studies.

Improved Method of Power Loss and Electric Field Calculations of HVAC Transmission Lines

An improved method for calculating the corona power loss and the ground-level electric field on HVAC transmission lines induced by corona is proposed.Based on a charge simulation method combined with a method of successive images,the proposed method has the number and location of the simulated charges not arbitrary.When the surface electric field of a conductor exceeds the onset value,charges are emitted from corona into the space around,and the space ions and the surface charges on each sub-conductor are simulated by using the images of the other sub-conductors.The displacements of the space ions are calculated at every time step during corona periods in both the positive and the negative half cycles.Several examples are calculated by using the proposed method,and the calculated electric field at the ground level and the corona power loss agree well with previous measurements.The results show that simulating 12 charges in each conductor during 600 time steps in one cycle takes less time while guarantees the accuracy.The corona discharge from a 220 kV transmission line enhances slightly(less than 2%) the electric field at the ground level,but this effect is little from a 500 kV line.The improved method is a good compromise between the time cost and the accuracy of calculation.

A New Successive Approximation Damped Newton Method for Nonlinear Complementarity Problems

In this paper, we present a new successive approximation damped Newton method for the nonlinear complementarity problem based on its equivalent nonsmooth equations. Under suitable conditions, we obtain the global convergence result of the proposed algorithms. Some numerical results are also reported.

基于视觉与加速度测量的结构动态位移融合估计

结构动态位移测量与精准估计对于结构安全运营和性态评估具有重要意义.基于计算机视觉的位移监测方法具有精度高、非接触式、成本低、设备安装简便等优点,在实际复杂工程环境中,设备难以架设,视觉测量方法较传统接触式位移监测方法具有明显的优势.图像分辨率和拍摄帧率等因素在一定程度上限制了视觉方法的使用.针对视觉位移测量技术高频振动识别精度低的问题,提出了一种基于视觉与加速度测量的结构动态位移重构方法,通过融合视觉低频与加速度高频振动响应信号,实现结构动态位移精准识别.首先,利用光流法从结构振动视频数据中提取结构位移响应,引入前后向误差与离群值过滤机制,提升特征点追踪精度,避免漂移问题.然后,利用逐次变分模态分解方法分别从视觉位移与加速度二次积分得到的位移信号中提取相应的本征模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)分量.最后,基于互相关函数筛选机制,确定融合模态分量,融合基于视觉测量的低阶IMF与基于加速度测量的高阶IMF,重构结构位移响应.通过一个钢筋混凝土框架结构振动台试验,对提出的位移融合估计方法进行了试验验证.结果表明:与单一视觉测量方法相比,所提出的方法能够更为准确地估计结构动态位移,并且通过引入加速度测量中的动态位移分量,融合后的位移比基于视觉测量的结果具有更宽的频率范围.

基于多阶有源带通滤波器和在线相关系数的负载在线智能识别

从时域建立了负载在线识别的数学模型,识别任务由硬件和算法共同承担。采用多阶有源带通滤波器进行硬件预处理,从而将功率相差很大的负载信号转换成可以在同一个条件下采集的电压信号。从皮尔逊相关系数出发定义了在线相关系数,将其作为唯一的时域特征参量,并提出“在线相关系数逐渐增大并最终等于1”的判决准则。利用最大值首位对齐法和均值法进行数据处理,采用逐次比较法和筛选法相结合进行识别。实验数据表明:基于带宽为340~900 Hz的五阶有源带通滤波器和STM32处理器中的在线相关算法很好完成了功率相差1500多倍的电磁炉、电饭煲、笔记本电脑、小灯泡等4种负载的任意在线组合的智能识别。

一种基于SIC-CDM的低复杂度混合波束赋形方案

为了平衡毫米波大规模多输入多输出系统的性能和硬件开销,降低系统功耗,以频谱效率为优化目标,在部分连接结构下提出了一种收发端联合设计的低复杂度混合波束赋形方案。首先,基于连续干扰消除将原始优化问题转化为多个子阵的速率优化问题;然后,利用坐标下降法完成模拟波束赋形矩阵设计;最后,引入等效信道矩阵大幅降低矩阵维度,再对其进行奇异值分解获得数字波束赋形矩阵。仿真结果表明,与其他算法相比,所提算法在系统功耗降低的同时保持了较优的性能,且性能逼近部分连接结构的最优方案。

新安名医师承结合CBL教学模式在中西医结合肾病专业研究生临床教学中的应用

目的:观察新安名医师承结合案例教学法(Case-based learning,CBL)模式在中西医结合肾病专业研究生临床教学中的应用效果。方法:先后选取在安徽中医药大学第一附属医院肾内科临床学习的2019级-2022级中西医结合临床肾病专业二年级硕士研究生60名为研究对象,分为观察组和对照组各30名。观察组应用新安名医师承结合CBL教学模式,对照组采用研究生传统临床教学模式。采用客观结构化临床考试(Objective structured clinical examination,OSCE)结合问卷调查模式测评,比较两组学生教学满意度和专业知识考核成绩。结果:观察组研究生对新安名医师承结合CBL教学模式的认可度达94.17%,对中医临床思维能力培养的认可度达90.00%,对中西医结合临床诊疗能力提高的认可度达94.17%;观察组对新安名医师承结合CBL教学模式的认可度高于对照组对传统临床教学模式的认可度(P<0.05),观察组对中医临床思维能力培养和中西医结合临床诊疗能力提高的满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组学生专业理论考核成绩与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05),但临床技能考核成绩和总成绩均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:新安名医师承结合CBL教学模式可培养中西医结合肾病专业研究生肾病诊疗临床思维,增强临床技能,激发学习兴趣,提高临床教学成效。

基于方药中辨证论治五步法之“必先五胜”辨治慢性肾衰竭

“必先五胜”是方药中教授创立的辨证论治五步法中最关键一步,具有承辨证启论治的作用。应用“必先五胜”辨治慢性肾衰竭,一方面,可承上以审清病机之本,明确原发与继发,辨病位之本;明确真假异同,辨病性之本;审度病情轻重缓急,辨病势之本。另一方面,启下以确立扶正补虚为主、兼以祛邪的治疗原则,并创立治疗慢性肾衰竭的脾、肾系列方药。应用此法辨治慢性肾衰竭经临床观察疗效佳,以此法制定的慢性肾衰竭的证治体系被中国中医科学院西苑医院肾病科及其传承人广泛应用。

零售企业员工职场成功老龄化因素的组态研究

在人口老龄化持续加剧的背景下,中国零售企业面临着所需人才供不应求和劳动力急剧短缺的巨大挑战,如何留任和有效管理高龄员工,实现职场成功老龄化,不仅可以为组织创造更多价值,也将成为企业应对挑战的有效策略。本研究首先构建分析理论框架和组态指标体系,通过调查得到典型案例,进一步运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)展开分析,结果发现产生员工成功老龄化的路径有两条,其中解释较多案例的组态显示了有效因素组合。在导致员工未成功老龄化的四条路径中,核心条件是“SOC工作策略”的缺失,表明在零售企业中员工不能有效使用“选择、优化、补偿策略”是导致“员工未成功老龄化”的关键因素。基于此,本文提出相应启示建议,期望为零售企业年长员工成功老龄化提供参考。

关于高阶差等比数列通项公式的证明

针对高阶差等比数列这一崭新课题的研究,近年来不少文章得到了多种不同形式的通项公式,本文利用《大学数学》上已证明的高阶差等比数列通项公式,对《数学通报》以及《高等数学研究》上未予证明的两个通项公式进行了完整而严格的证明.

求高阶差等比数列通项的公式解法

通过对高阶差等比数列通项公式的构成形式进一步研究,得到了该类数列通项公式的标准形式.并利用矩阵的初等变换以及差分的方法导出了求该数列通项公式中各系数的计算公式,从而得到了求高阶差等比数列通项公式及前n项和的一种公式解法.