Sulfone通过转录因子Elk1调节人结肠癌细胞XAF1表达的研究

背景:Sulfone是一个高效的结肠肿瘤化学预防制剂,具有抗肿瘤功能,但其具体作用机制尚未完全明确。目的:探讨Sulfone在转录水平调节X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)相关因子1(XAF1)表达的作用机制。方法:以Sulfone干预人结肠癌细胞株HCT116,以蛋白质印迹法检测磷酸化ERK1/2(pERK1/2)、XAF1和ERK1/2表达;构建稳定转染pLuc-291质粒以及pLuc-291-18T、pLuc-291-70T、pLuc-291-IRFm质粒的HCT116细胞(分别为转录因子Elk1、c-ETS、IRF结合序列点突变),以荧光素酶报告基因检测Sulfone对XAF1启动子转录活性的调节作用;以染色质免疫沉淀法检测Elk1-XAF1的DNA结合活性;以实时定量PCR检测Elk1 siRNA对XAF1 mRNA表达的影响。结果:Sulfone可显著抑制pERK1/2表达,显著上调XAF1表达。XAF1启动子Elk1结合序列点突变能显著增加Sulfone诱导的XAF1启动子转录活性,而c-ETS和IRF结合序列点突变对Sulfone诱导的XAF1启动子转录活性无明显影响。XAF1启动子区域存在Elk1的特异性结合序列。以Elk1 siRNA抑制Elk1表达能显著增高XAF1mRNA表达。结论:Sulfone通过抑制ERK1/2信号通路下游转录因子Elk1活性,在转录水平上调人结肠癌细胞XAF1表达。

A facile stereospecific synthesis of (Z)-2-sulfonyl-substituted 1,3-enynes via Sonogashira coupling of (E)-α-iodovinyl sulfones with 1-alkynes

（E）-α-Iodovinyl sulfones 1 underwent the Sonogashira coupling reactions with terminal alkynes 2 in piperidine at room temperature in the presence of 5 mol% of Pd（PPh3）4 and 10 mol% of CuI to stereospecifically afford the corresponding （Z）-2-sulfonyl-substituted 1,3-enynes 3 in high yields.

Sulfone通过抑制ERK途径上调XAF1表达诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡

目的:探讨化学预防药物Sulfone是否通过转录调节XAF1的表达诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡。方法:采用Hoechst 33258染色法检测人结肠癌细胞株HCT116(p53野生型)和SW480(p53突变型)经Sulfone处理后的细胞凋亡率。运用Western印迹法检测上述细胞经Sulfone处理前后XAF1、磷酸化ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2)和ERK1/2总蛋白质的表达量变化。通过双重荧光素酶报告基因检测Sulfone对XAF1启动子转录活性的调节作用。结果:Sulfone能诱导HCT116和SW480细胞凋亡,其效应随剂量的增加和时程的延长而更明显。Sulfone能有效抑制上述两种细胞中ERK1/2蛋白的磷酸化(抑制率分别为74%和57%,P<0.05),但上调XAF1蛋白的表达(2.2倍和3.1倍,P<0.05)。经Sulfone处理后,XAF1启动子的转录活性在HCT116和SW480细胞分别提高了3.3倍(P<0.01)和2.6倍(P<0.05)。结论:Sulfone通过抑制ERK途径,在转录水平显著上调XAF1的表达进而诱导细胞凋亡,且这种作用的强弱与肿瘤细胞的p53分型有关。

Synthesis and characterization of quaternized poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)for anion-exchange membrane

Chloromethylated poly（phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone） （CMPPESK） was prepared from poly（phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone） （PPESK） using chloromethyl octyl ethers （CMOE） with lower toxicity as chloromethylated regent. CMPPESK was soluble in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone （NMP）, N,N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc） and chloroform. Quaternized poly（phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone） （QAPPESK） was prepared from CMPPESK by quaternization. QAPPESK had excellent solvent resistance, which was only partly soluble in sulfuric acid （98%） and swollen in N,N-dimethylformamide （DMF）. The vanadium redox flow battery （V-RFB） using QAPPESK anion-exchange membrane had better performance with 88.3% of overall energy efficiency.

Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(aryl ether sulfone ketone)s containing phthalazinone and biphenyl moieties

A novel series of poly（aryl ether sulfone ketone）s （PPESKs） containing phthalazinone and biphenyl moieties were prepared by two-step nucleophilic polycondensation reaction. The ^-Mw values of these copolymers were between 38,330 and 67,900. The glass transition temperatures （Tg） and 5% decomposition temperatures were ranged in 253-269 ℃ and 488-500 ℃, respectively, The structures of these copolymers were confirmed by FT-IR and ^1H NMR. Moreover, all the resultant copolymers were amorphous determined by wide angle X-ray diffraction （WAXD）.

THERMAL DEGRADATION OF POLY(ARYLENE SULFIDE SULFONE)/NMETHYLPYRROLIDONE CRYSTAL SOLVATE

The thermal degradation of poly（arylene sulfide sulfone）/N-methylpyrrolidone （PASS/NMP） crystal solvate was studied by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and was compared with pure PASS in order to determine the way in which the formation of the crystal solvate affected the thermal properties of the polymer. The activation energy of the solid state process was determined using Kissinger＇s method, which does not require knowledge of the reaction mechanism （RM）, to be 174.18 kJ/mol which was lower than that for pure PASS （E = 214 kJ/mol）. The study of master curves together with interpretation of integral methods, allows confirmation that the thermal degradation mechanism for PASS in the crystal solvate system is a decelerated Rn type, which is a solid-state process based on a phase boundary controlled reaction, in the conversion range considered. Whereas, the pure PASS follows a decelerated Dn thermodegradation mechanism in the same conversion range.

Allyl-containing Poly(aryl ether sulfone): Synthesis and Crosslinking

A novel type of crosslinkable poly（aryl ether sulfone）（PAES） bearing an allyl pendant（PES-OAllyl） was synthesized by a grafting reaction of hydrophenyl-containing PAES（PES-OH） and allyl bromide. PES-OH was prepared by a demethylation reaction of a methoxyphenylated PAES（PES-OCH3） in the presence of pyridine/hydrochlo- ride. The PES-OCH3 was synthesized by an aromatic nucleophilic substitution of bis（4-chlorophenyl）sulfone and （p-methoxy）phenylhydroquinone. Both DSC and solubility investigation were used to study the crosslinking behavior of PES-OAllyl. After heat treatment, the glass transition temperature（Tg） value of PES-OAllyl sharply increased from 165 ℃ to 227 ℃. Meanwhile, PES-OAllyl changed from a soluble polymer to an insoluble thermoset. In addition, TGA（thermogravimetric analysis） result suggests that the thermal stability of the crosslinked product was improved. All the data prove that the crosslinked PES-OAllyl could be a potential solvent-resistance high-performance material.

A novel method for the management of sulfone-rich waste produced in the oxidative desulfurization(ODS) process

The oxidative desulfurization(ODS) process is one of the new desulfurization processes for the production of clean fuels. Despite the benefits of the ODS process, this process faces several important challenges. One of the most important challenges of this process is the management of a waste which is rich of sulfone compounds.In the present study, a new strategy which is the addition of waste to the bitumen with other solid waste such as high density polyethylene(HDPE) waste has been investigated. The experimental design method was applied to investigate the effect of addition of the sulfone and HDPE wastes to the properties of the bitumen blends including degree of penetration, softening point, and mass loss. It was found that the sulfone waste can be added to the bitumen as a softener. The results showed that several grades of bitumen including 50/60, 60/70, 85/100 can be produced through the addition of sulfone waste along with the HDPE waste to the base 60/70 bitumen.In general, the application of simple processes such as mixing the wastes with the bitumen can reduce the cost of waste management, considerably.

Cyclic Oligomers of Phenolphthalein Polyarylene Ether Sulfone (Ketone): Preparation Through Cyclo-depolymerisation of Corresponding Polymers

Cyclic oligomers of phenolphthalein polyarylene ether sulfone(ketone) were prepared through cyclo-depolymerisation of corresponding polymers using CsF as the catalyst in dipolar aprotic solvent DMAc and DMF, and a family of macrocycles containing from dimer up to at least heptamer were confirmed by GPC, HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS. The yields of cyclics get as high as 86.3% and 87.9% respectively.

Synthesis and Characterization of Ion-exchange Sulfonated Poly (ether sulfone)

N,N＇-Bis（3-hydroxyphenyl）-1,8,4,5-naphthalenetetracarboxylic bisimide was prepared from the reaction of 1,8,4,5-naphthalenetetrcarboxylic acid dianhydride and 2-aminophenol in N, N-dimethylformamide. Polymerization of this bisimide with 4,4＇-difluorodiphenylsulfone and disodium 3,3＇-disulfonate4,4＇-difluorodiphenylsulfone gave ion-exchange sulfonated poly（ether sulfone）. The structure of the title compound was characterized with H-NMR and its polymer was characterized with FT-IR.

α-AMIDOALKYLATION VIA SULFONES:TOWARDS THE SYNTHESIS OF ANT VENOM ALKALOIDS

Abstract: We described the synthesis of two 5-substituted γ-lactams Ⅰand Ⅱ by sulfone-baaed α-amidoalkylation method. This constitiutes the formal synthesis of ant venom alkaloids 2 and 3 in racemic form. The key intermediate 18 for the chiral synthesis of 2 and 3 was prepared from new chiral sulfone 7 by the same method.

A Stereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Allyl Alcohol by Threecomponent Rection of Acetylenic Sulfone,Phenylselenomagnesium Bromide and Ketones

Phenylseleno and sulfonyl substituted allyl alcohols were synthesized stereoselectively by the three-component reaction of acetylenic sulfone, phenylselenomagnesium bromide and ketones in one-pot.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Cyano-bridged Bimetallic Complex K_3(TMS)_2(H_2O)_2Cr(CN)_6[TMS = Tetramethylene Sulfone]

The cyano-bridged bimetallic complex K3(TMS)2(H2O)2Cr(CN)6 with three- dimensional microporous structure was synthesized and characterized. The title complex (C14H20CrK3N, Mr = 601.78) crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 14.357(4), b = 9.331(3), c = 19.180(6) ?, β = 96.754(5)o, V = 2551.6(13) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.567 g/m3, μ(MoKα) = 1.141 mm-1, F(000) = 1228, the final R = 0.0440 and wR = 0.0990 for 1760 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). In the crystal, two [Cr(CN) ]3- units, four K+ ions and two oxygen atoms of two 6 TMS molecules are linked to form a sixteen-membered ring and an extended three-dimensional structure.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of diaryl or aryl-alkyl sulfones without catalyst

The microwave-assisted coupling reaction of electrondeficient aryl halides with sulfinic acid salts through SNAr-based addition reactions within 5-30 min. No catalysts were required under our conditions.

The Rheological and Extrusion Behaviour of Blends Based on Phenolphthalein Poly(ether-ether-sulfone)and Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer

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Quantitative Structure-chromatographic Retention Relationship for Polychlorinated Dibenzothiophenes and Their Corresponding Sulfones

Polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes(PCDTs)and their corresponding sulfone(PCDTO2)compounds are a group of important persistent organic pollutants.In the present study,geometrical optimization and subsequent calculations of electrostatic potentials(ESPs)on molecular surface have been performed for all 135 PCDTs and 135 PCDTO2 congeners at the HF/6-31G*level of theory.A number of statistically-based parameters have been extracted.Linear relationship between gas-chromatographic retention index(RI)and the structural descriptors have been established by multiple linear regression.The result shows that two descriptors derived from positive electrostatic potential on molecular surface,σ+^2 andπ,together with the molecular volume(Vmc)and the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(ELUMO)can be well used to express the quantitative structure-retention relationship(QSRR)of PCDTs and PCDTO2.Predictive capability of the two models has been demonstrated by leave-one-out cross-validation with the cross-validated correlation coefficient(RCV)of 0.996 and 0.997,respectively.Furthermore,the predictive power of the models is further examined for the external test set.Correlation coefficients(R)between the observed and predicted RI values for the external test set are 0.997 and0.998,respectively,validating the robustness and good prediction of our model.The QSRR model established may provide again a powerful method for predicting chromatographic properties of aromatic organosulfur compounds.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYESTER-ETHER SULFONE

A new aromatic thermotropic liquid crystalline polyester-ether sulfone(PEES)was prepared from 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenoxy)diphenyl sulfone(BHPDS),terephthalic acid(TPA)and p-hydroxybenzoic acid(P-HBA).Some factors that affected melting viscosity of polymer such as prepolymerization reaction medium and post-polymerization etc,were discussed.The liquid crystalline properties were characterized by DSC,polarizing microscope with a hot stage and WAXD measurements.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHTHALAZINONE POLY(ARYL ETHER SULFONE KETONE)WITH CARBONYL GROUP

A kind of novel heat-resistant, high performance engineering thermoplastic phthalazinone poly(aryl ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) containing a carboxyl group in its side chain was prepared by the nucleophilic displacement reaction of 4-(4-hydroxylphenyl)- 1 (2H)-phthalazinone with di(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone, 4,4'-difluoro-benzophenone and phenolphthalin in sulfolane in the presence of K2CO3 to produce high molecular weight polymers which can be dissolved in some polar solvents such as chloroform and nitrobenzene at room temperature and can be easily cast into flexible, yellowish and transparent films. PPESK is an amorphous polymer having a decomposition temperature above 400degreesC, which indicates that it has high thermal stability. At the same time, the thermal properties of PPESKs with dicyandiamide (DICY) as curing agent indicated that the heat-resistance properties of the PPESKs are improved after curing. The apparent activation energy (A-E) of the cross-linking reaction and the reaction order (n) of PPESK/DICY were found to be 52.2 kJ/mol and ca. 1.0, respectively. Therefore, the cross-linking reaction is approximately a first order reaction.

The facile insertion of β-keto sulfones to arynes:The direct preparation of polysubstituted ortho-keto benzyl sulfones

One novel carbon-carbon bond insertion reaction of arynes has been developed. By this reaction β-keto sulfones can insert the triple bond of arynes to prepare polysubstituted ortho-keto benzyl sulfones.