The aim of the research was to connect two methods of the chemical control. The first chemical treatments were applied according to the signalling method. The second method was applied according to the phonological cr...The aim of the research was to connect two methods of the chemical control. The first chemical treatments were applied according to the signalling method. The second method was applied according to the phonological criterion i.e., on the basis of the values of effective temperatures sums or heat sums for cutworms. The studies on cutworms infesting sugar beet crops were carried out in the years 2005-2008. The observation performed during the moth flights from May to September included two species, turnip moth （Agrotis segetum Den. ＆ Schiff.） and heart-and-dart moth （A. exclamationis L.）. The dynamics of moth flights was recorded in reference to readings of climatic conditions registered with the field meteorological stations set up near the light traps. Observations on cutworm occurrence during the vegetation season were done every 5-7 days. Moreover, additional studies were conducted under control conditions in the growth chambers at three programmed temperatures （17°C, 20 °C, 24 °C） and relative humidity （50%-70%）. Based on the results the values for the heat sum of 501.1 °C and effective temperatures sum of 230.0 °C were determined for the developmental stages of cutworm. On the base of the results obtained it can be stated that the improved method of short-term forecasting can be an alternative solution in the integrated protection management against pest.展开更多
Organisms are said to be in developmental rate isomorphy when the pro- portions of developmental stage durations are unaffected by temperature. Comprehensive stage-specific developmental data were generated on the cab...Organisms are said to be in developmental rate isomorphy when the pro- portions of developmental stage durations are unaffected by temperature. Comprehensive stage-specific developmental data were generated on the cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi Baly （Coleoptera： Chrysomelidae）, at eight temperatures ranging from 16℃ to 30℃ （in 2℃ increments） and five analytical methods were used to test the rate isomor- phy hypothesis, including： （i） direct comparison of lower developmental thresholds with standard errors based on the traditional linear equation describing developmental rate as the linear function of temperature; （ii） analysis of covariance to compare the lower devel- opmental thresholds of different stages based on the Ikemoto-Takai linear equation; （iii） testing the significance of the slope item in the regression line of arcsin（√p） versus tem- perature, where p is the ratio of the developmental duration of a particular developmental stage to the entire pre-imaginal developmental duration for one insect or mite species; （iv） analysis of variance to test for significant differences between the ratios of developmental stage durations to that ofpre-imaginal development; and （v） checking whether there is an element less than a given level of significance in the p-value matrix of rotating regres- sion line. The results revealed no significant difference among the lower developmental thresholds or among the aforementioned ratios, and thus convincingly confirmed the rate isomorphy hypothesis.展开更多
文摘The aim of the research was to connect two methods of the chemical control. The first chemical treatments were applied according to the signalling method. The second method was applied according to the phonological criterion i.e., on the basis of the values of effective temperatures sums or heat sums for cutworms. The studies on cutworms infesting sugar beet crops were carried out in the years 2005-2008. The observation performed during the moth flights from May to September included two species, turnip moth （Agrotis segetum Den. ＆ Schiff.） and heart-and-dart moth （A. exclamationis L.）. The dynamics of moth flights was recorded in reference to readings of climatic conditions registered with the field meteorological stations set up near the light traps. Observations on cutworm occurrence during the vegetation season were done every 5-7 days. Moreover, additional studies were conducted under control conditions in the growth chambers at three programmed temperatures （17°C, 20 °C, 24 °C） and relative humidity （50%-70%）. Based on the results the values for the heat sum of 501.1 °C and effective temperatures sum of 230.0 °C were determined for the developmental stages of cutworm. On the base of the results obtained it can be stated that the improved method of short-term forecasting can be an alternative solution in the integrated protection management against pest.
文摘Organisms are said to be in developmental rate isomorphy when the pro- portions of developmental stage durations are unaffected by temperature. Comprehensive stage-specific developmental data were generated on the cabbage beetle, Colaphellus bowringi Baly （Coleoptera： Chrysomelidae）, at eight temperatures ranging from 16℃ to 30℃ （in 2℃ increments） and five analytical methods were used to test the rate isomor- phy hypothesis, including： （i） direct comparison of lower developmental thresholds with standard errors based on the traditional linear equation describing developmental rate as the linear function of temperature; （ii） analysis of covariance to compare the lower devel- opmental thresholds of different stages based on the Ikemoto-Takai linear equation; （iii） testing the significance of the slope item in the regression line of arcsin（√p） versus tem- perature, where p is the ratio of the developmental duration of a particular developmental stage to the entire pre-imaginal developmental duration for one insect or mite species; （iv） analysis of variance to test for significant differences between the ratios of developmental stage durations to that ofpre-imaginal development; and （v） checking whether there is an element less than a given level of significance in the p-value matrix of rotating regres- sion line. The results revealed no significant difference among the lower developmental thresholds or among the aforementioned ratios, and thus convincingly confirmed the rate isomorphy hypothesis.
