A Hybrid Unit Commitment Approach Incorporating Modified Priority List with Charged System Search Methods

This paper presents a new hybrid approach that combines Modified Priority List (MPL) with Charged System Search (CSS), termed MPL-CSS, to solve one of the most crucial power system’s operational optimization problems, known as unit commitment (UC) scheduling. The UC scheduling problem is a mixed-integer nonlinear problem, highly-dimensional and extremely constrained. Existing meta-heuristic UC solution methods have the problems of stopping at a local optimum and slow convergence when applied to large-scale, heavily-constrained UC applications. In the first step of the proposed method, initial hourly optimum solutions of UC are obtained by Modified Priority List (MPL);however, the obtained UC solution may still be possible to be further improved. Therefore, in the second step, the CSS is utilized to achieve higher quality solutions. The UC is formulated as mixed integer linear programming to ensure the tractability of the results. The proposed method is successfully applied to a popular test system up to 100 units generators for both 24-hr and 168-hr system. Computational results show that both solution cost and execution time are superior to those of published methods.

Priority-sequence of mineral resources' development and utilization based on grey relational analysis method

Generally, the sequence decision of the development and utilization of Chinese mineral resources is based on national and provincial overall plan of the mineral resources. Such plan usually cannot reflect the relative size of the suitability of the development and utilization of mineral resources. To solve the problem, the paper has selected the gift condition, the market condition, the technological condition,socio-economic condition and environmental condition as the starting-points to analyze the influential factors of the priority-sequence of mineral resources' development and utilization. The above 5 conditions are further specified into 9 evaluative indicators to establish an evaluation indicator system. At last,we propose a decision model of the priority sequence based on grey relational analysis method, and figure out the observation objects by the suitability index of development. Finally, the mineral resources of a certain province in China were analyzed as an example. The calculation results indicate that silver(2.0057), coal(1.9955), zinc(1.9442), cement limestone(1.9077), solvent limestone(1.5624) and other minerals in the province are suitable for development and utilization.

Mixed Least Square Method for Priority of Complementary Judgement Matrix and Its Algorithm

Based on the concept of multiplicative fuzzy consistent complementary judgement matrix, the mixed least square method (MLSM) for priority of complementary judgement matrix is proposed and proved. Then, the corresponding convergent iterative algorithm is given and its convergence is proved. Finally, some main properties of the developed priority method, such as rank preservation under strong condition, etc., are introduced. The theoretical analyses show that the MLSM can sufficiently reflect the preference information of the decision maker, and is easy to realize on a computer.

黑龙江省冻融侵蚀强度分级评价及空间分布特征

黑龙江省肩负维护国家生态安全、保障国家粮食安全的重任,近年来因冻融侵蚀影响,自然环境和黑土资源受到严重威胁。为了定量揭示黑龙江省冻融侵蚀强度的空间异质性及其影响因素,该研究选取10个冻融侵蚀强度评价指标,并确定其权重。通过构建多元回归模型得到冻融侵蚀下限,将权重和赋值结果代入综合评价指数模型,利用自然断点法对冻融侵蚀强度进行分级。研究结果表明:1)黑龙江省冻融侵蚀总面积为1.917×10~5 km^(2),占全省面积的40.53%,其中强烈和极强烈侵蚀分别占冻融侵蚀总面积的20.66%和10.54%。2)黑龙江省中度冻融侵蚀以上的区域呈现三区一带的特征。三区分别为大兴安岭地区、小兴安岭地区和张广才岭地区;一带为西北—东南走向的“三岭一平原”廊道。3)黑龙江省冻融侵蚀强度在空间上表现出明显的正相关和集聚性特征,强度相近的冻融侵蚀区在空间上积聚,高强度和低强度的冻融侵蚀区在空间上分异,产生了多个高强度和低强度的冻融侵蚀区。4)植被覆盖度的增加可以降低冻融侵蚀强度,在植被覆盖度小于20%的地方,冻融侵蚀尤为剧烈;冻融侵蚀主要发生在土壤含水量为0.2~0.3 m^(3)/m^(3)的区域,而极少发生在土壤水分含量小于0.2 m^(3)/m^(3)的区域。研究结果通过对比验证显示出较高的可靠性,可为该地区冻融侵蚀的防护和管理提供依据,并为类似区域提供借鉴方法和技术参考。

任务多标准优先级排序方法综述

任务的多标准优先级排序(multi-criteria priority ranking)涉及在可能存在冲突的多个标准下为大量任务计算优先级,以便决策者能够高效地分配资源,优先处理更为关键的任务,进而提高整体工作效率。经过近二十年的持续修改与扩展,目前优先级排序领域已展现众多成熟的经典方法;且随着大数据时代的到来,采用新兴技术的排序方法也开始涌现。为了帮助决策者根据不同情境下的优先级排序需求来评估和选择最适合特定应用场景的多标准优先级排序方法,文章阐释了不同多标准优先级排序方法在标准间的可替代性、优缺点、数据输入/输出要求、适用场景等方面的差异,将当前多标准任务优先级排序方法分为:全聚合法、劣势排序法、参考水平法以及基于数据处理技术的优先级排序方法4大类,详细讨论了各类别下代表性方法的基本原理、最新研究结果和优缺点;并总结了当前优先级排序方法研究的热点,包括层次分析法、模糊理论及人工智能辅助排序技术,提出其未来研究方向,涵盖了AI辅助的大数据排序优化、增强排序稳定性以及智能偏好识别。

习近平总书记关于推动长江经济带发展重要论述的内涵要义、内蕴方法及创新贡献

推动长江经济带发展是关系国家发展全局的重大战略,对推进强国建设、民族复兴具有重要意义。习近平总书记关于推动长江经济带发展重要论述是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分。习近平总书记关于推动长江经济带发展重要论述的内涵要义体现在:生态优先、绿色发展是长江经济带发展的战略定位,促进区域协调发展是长江经济带发展的重要举措,创新引领发展是长江经济带发展的动力引擎,构建新发展格局是长江经济带发展的战略支撑,繁荣发展长江文化是长江经济带发展的内在要求,统筹发展和安全是长江经济带发展的坚实保障。坚持系统观念、坚持改革创新、坚持发展和保护相统一、坚持政府和市场相结合、坚持底线思维、坚持久久为功是习近平总书记关于推动长江经济带发展重要论述蕴含的科学方法。习近平总书记关于推动长江经济带发展重要论述的创新贡献体现在:展现以新发展理念为指引推进长江经济带科学保护、开发和治理,贡献了破解超大流域发展和治理难题的原创经验;展现实践中国式现代化国家治理理论,形塑了超大流域发展和治理的崭新格局;展现发挥黄金水道“黄金经济带”效应,打造了超大流域发展和治理的实践样本;展现构建新发展格局、统筹发展和安全,强化了超大流域发展和治理的支撑保障;展现探索中国特色自主知识体系,推动了超大流域发展和治理的学科体系、学术体系和话语体系建构;展现促进世界大江大河流域发展和治理全球文明交流互鉴,拓展了超大流域发展和治理的中华民族现代文明意蕴。

基于贝叶斯离散优化的电力调度网络发令多任务优先级解耦方法

电网输电线路的负荷率和利用率的不断加重,为电力系统运行调度增加了难度。为了合理规划调度任务,保证电网运行安全,研究基于贝叶斯离散优化的电力调度网络发令多任务优先级解耦方法。建立电力调度模型,设定调度优化目标和约束条件;基于贝叶斯离散优化预测电力负荷,为任务优先级判定提供依据;通过分块解耦动态仿真电力系统,将复杂外部系统转换为简单等值系统;通过电力调度多任务优先级解耦,划分优先级,接收操作令,完成电力调度的解耦。经实验论证分析,所提模型得到的解耦前后的仿真曲线较为吻合,仿真结果可以真实准确地反映电力系统的动态行为,对过载线路有功功率的调节效果明显,越限问题得到了很大程度的改善。

Identifying nursing research priorities in Vietnam: a modified Delphi study

Objective: There is no single study that has examined nursing research priorities in Vietnam. This study aimed to gain consensus from experts on the nursing research priorities in Vietnam.Methods: A three-round modified Delphi study was used in this study. A focus group discussion among experts was conducted in round I to identify the nursing research priorities(n=23). Data in round I were analyzed using content analysis. In round Ⅱ, participants were invited to rate the importance of each nursing priority topic in a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, which had a 74%(n=17) response rate. In round Ⅲ, the questionnaire was returned to the experts(n=17) until consensus was reached. Data from round Ⅱ and round Ⅲ were analyzed to produce mean score and final rank.Results: The top 12 research priority lists were identified, which included subthemes and areas of possible investigations. All priorities were classified into three groups in the rank order, namely:(i) nursing management and leadership, which included(1) nursing care quality,(2) management and leadership of nurse managers,(3) nursing image,(4) professional nurse competency, and(5) human resource management;(ii) nursing education, which included(1) knowledge-specific domain,(2) the linkage between education and practice, and(3) nurse teacher workforce;and(iii) nursing service, which included(1) adult nursing concern,(2) patient safety,(3) public health nursing concern, and(4) quality of life of patients and nurses.Conclusions: Consensus among experts was achiever, and the findings are considered as the basis of resources to the most essential research needs in Vietnam.

A Priority Queuing Model for HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) in Wireless LANs

Recently, there has been a rapid growing interest in new applications requiring quality of service (QoS) guarantees through wireless local area networks (WLAN). These demands have led to the introduction of new 802.11 standard series to enhance access medium supporting QoS for multimedia applications. However, some applications such as variable bit rate (VBR) traffic address some challenges in the hybrid coordination function (HCF) nominated to provide QoS. This paper presents a novel priority queuing model to analyze a medium access in the HCF controlled channel access (HCCA) mode. This model makes use of a MAP (Markovian Arrival Process)/PH (Phase Type)/1 queue with two types of jobs which are suitable to support VBR traffic. Using a MAP for traffic arrival process and PH distribution for service process, the inclusion of vacation period makes our analysis very general and comprehensive to support various types of practical traffic streams. The proposed priority queuing model is very useful to evaluate and enhance the performance of the scheduler and the admission controller in the HCCA mechanism.

基于BWM与模糊理论的桥梁综合评估方法

以桥梁结构及各构部件的状态作为评价对象,基于模糊理论建立以隶属度为评价指标的底层函数,并通过BWM(best worst method)法为层级权重评价手段对模型进行了综合评估;采用自下而上,逐级传递的方法,将底层向量与各层级按BWM法确定的指标权重相结合,并对各级指标展开逐层评价,最终确定了桥梁的综合评定等级;根据综合评定等级对桥梁各部位加固的优先顺序进行判断;最后以丁家桥为实例进行了该桥梁的综合状态评估,并给出了加固优先等级的建议。

基于优先级层次熵-修正TOPSIS法的区域科技创新能力评价

区域科技创新能力已成为决定地区综合竞争力的重要因素,科学全面地评价区域科技创新能力有助于提升地区经济水平。从创新投入能力、创新产出能力、技术转化能力、创新环境支撑能力4个维度,构建区域科技创新能力评价指标体系。考虑到指标优先级的影响,采用不完全指标排序关系修正方法并结合层次分析法和熵值法对评价指标进行组合赋权,进而使用修正TOPSIS(逼近理想解排序)法进行综合评价。最后,选取陕西、北京、河南、辽宁4个不同地区代表性省市,对其科技创新能力进行综合评价。评价结果与现实情况基本一致,从而验证了评价方法的有效性。

5种综合方法在湖泊富营养化评价中的对比研究

根据我国湖泊分布及重要程度,选取24个湖泊,利用加权优序法、模糊综合评价法、灰色关联分析法、主成分分析法和集对分析法5种综合方法进行富营养化评价和对比分析。结果表明,24个湖泊都有不同程度的富营养化,其中富营养化和超富营养化的湖泊超过50%;不同评价方法结果不完全一致。主成分分析法得到的结果最优,其不仅能对湖泊富营养化状态做出判断,还能进行同一富营养化状态下富营养化程度判断。与综合评分指数法对比,主成分分析法、加权优序法、集对分析法、灰色关联分析法、模糊综合评价法评价结果相同的占比为87.5%、83.3%、83.3%、75%、70.8%。主成分法较适于我国湖泊富营养化评价。

基于多方法优化的行业优控污染物清单筛选技术研究及应用

针对优控污染物筛选技术缺乏行业层面的研究以及筛选技术不完善的问题,基于清洁生产全过程管控理念,在以往对于行业优控污染物清单筛选技术研究基础上,将综合评价法、Hasse图解法和层次分析法综合起来进行分析评价,形成一种矢量分析与标量分析相结合的综合筛选技术。并将该筛选技术在常州市印刷电路板(PCB)行业开展应用。结果表明:经过全流程调查和气相色谱-质谱联用仪90%匹配度下的水样检测分析结果,得到常州市PCB行业特征污染物清单中共含172种物质;PCB行业优控污染物清单中共含有30种物质,包括卤代烃3种、苯系物9种、酯类3种、醛类1种、醇类5种、酮类2种、金属离子5种、盐类1种、其他1种。提出的综合筛选技术可作为行业优控污染物筛选方法,能够更加科学有效地得出常州市PCB行业优控污染物清单。

基于改进回溯法的直升机机载航炮可攻击区研究

针对机载航炮可攻击区求解问题,提出改进回溯法并应用其进行机载航炮可攻击区的研究。首先,根据直升机机载航炮攻击区的定义,综合考虑直升机和机载航炮的数学模型,基于最小二乘法预测目标轨迹,并针对空对地目标打击问题建立瞄准命中方程。然后,考虑武装直升机和航炮的约束条件,将可攻击区求解问题转化为空间树优化问题,引入剪枝函数和搜索优先级函数,提出改进回溯法对机载航炮可攻击区边界进行求解,略去了可攻击区内部冗余节点的搜索,提高了攻击区搜索效率。最后,通过仿真验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

基于优序图法和隶属函数的燃气管道腐蚀评价模型

城镇燃气管道作为市政管网的一部分,因其所处环境多样,腐蚀因素复杂,腐蚀评价指标与等级分区存在随机性和模糊性,目前基本采用半定量与定性的方法评价。研究通过大量文献调研统计分析,选取对燃气管道腐蚀影响较大的8个因素作为评价指标,并按照8级事故体系将事故后果分为由弱到强八个等级。在指标权重计算中通过专家打分,选用优序图法进行权重计算,并用模糊综合评价法建立腐蚀风险评价模型。运用此模型对国内6~8月燃气事故和文献地区埋地燃气管道进行腐蚀风险评价,结果与案例结果吻合,表明此模型在燃气管道风险评价的适用性。

具有顾客止步、插队和中途退出行为的多服务台优先权排队系统

在实际排队系统中,顾客可能会出现各种不同的行为,本文主要研究了同时具有顾客止步、插队和中途退出三种行为的优先权排队系统。首先,本文基于顾客的止步、插队和中途退出行为构建了依赖系统状态的三段式输入率和服务率的多服务台排队模型,且采用收益-费用结构函数确定分段阈值。其次,本文研究具有顾客止步、插队和中途退出行为的普通排队系统和强占优先权排队系统。本文利用拟生灭过程对问题建模并使用矩阵分析法对模型进行求解,推导了两个排队系统的稳态概率的表达式并计算了相关的性能指标。通过数值分析,本文说明了顾客的止步、插队和中途退出三种行为对系统性能带来的影响是不容忽视的。

内部结构厂房水池装配式不锈钢覆面设计施工研究

简述了某在建核电项目中使用的装配式不锈钢覆面先贴法设计施工方案。通过介绍装配式不锈钢覆面先贴法的研究背景,调研并提出不同施工方案进行分析比选,确定采用现场可拆卸支撑方案。对不锈钢覆面进行分片和整体的吊装计算,通过应力、变形和稳定性计算分析,再结合布置特点、功能、荷载等因素,最终完成装配式不锈钢覆面先贴法的自主化设计方案。有助于缩短核电厂的建造周期,对后续其他核电项目中具有重要的参考价值。

改良“隧道法”优先离断出入肝血管的腹腔镜左半肝切除术

目的:探讨改良“隧道法”(分段建立隧道)优先离断出入肝血管的腹腔镜左半肝切除术的应用价值。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法,收集2018年8月至2022年11月接受腹腔镜左半肝切除术患者的临床资料。根据手术方式分为隧道组(采用“隧道法”行腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术,n=20)与分段组(改良“隧道法”优先离断出入肝血管的腹腔镜左半肝切除术,n=20),比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、建立隧道时间、断肝时间、断肝出血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症等。结果:分段组手术时间[(158.0±27.78)min vs.(186.5±23.40)min]、建立隧道时间[(14.65±2.2)min vs.(22.40±3.73)min]、术中出血量[(187.0±105.59)mL vs.(253.0±95.87)mL]、断肝出血量[(49.0±8.04)mL vs.(63.0±9.65)mL]少于隧道组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组断肝时间、术后住院时间、术后并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:改良“隧道法”优先离断出入肝血管的左半肝切除术是在“隧道法”腹腔镜解剖性左半肝切除术基础上优化改良的手术方式,在保证安全、可行的同时进一步缩短了手术时间,值得推广。

报警归档和合理化分析指南

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