EAST Cryogenic Supervisory and Control System Based on Delta-V DCS

The control system for the Experimental Advanced Superconductive Tokamak （EAST） cryogenic system is designed and constructed based on Delta-V DCS （Distribution Control System）, which consists of engineering workstations, operator workstations, application workstations, redundant controller units, input/output （I/O） cards and a redundant control network. Our task is to design a supervisory and control system to provide the operator interface for control and monitoring, sending alarms, archiving of selected signals, and other routines to analyze realtime and historic data. The hardware configuration, software structure and control algorithms are illustrated in detail in this paper. Hvpothetic oroblems and further research are also mentioned.

A Fuzzy Logic Based Supervisory Hierarchical Control Scheme for Real Time Pressure Control

This paper describes a supervisory hierarchical fuzzy controller （SHFC） for regulating pressure in a real-time pilot pressure control system. The input scaling factor tuning of a direct expert controller is made using the error and process input parameters in a closed loop system in order to obtain better controller performance for set-point change and load disturbances. This on-line tuning method reduces operator involvement and enhances the controller performance to a wide operating range. The hierarchical control scheme consists of an intelligent upper level supervisory fuzzy controller and a lower level direct fuzzy controller. The upper level controller provides a mechanism to the main goal of the system and the lower level controller delivers the solutions to a particular situation. The control algorithm for the proposed scheme has been developed and tested using an ARM7 microcontroller-based embedded target board for a nonlinear pressure process having dead time. To demonstrate the effectiveness, the results of the proposed hierarchical controller, fuzzy controller and conventional proportional-integral （PI） controller are analyzed. The results prove that the SHFC performance is better in terms of stability and robustness than the conventional control methods.

RSView Supervisory Edition在兰州烟厂制丝生产线监控系统中的应用

RSView Supervisory Edition软件是兰州烟厂2006年初从AB公司引进的一个较先进、实用的管理监控软件。它具有多服务器集群、多客户端的分布式结构和可伸缩性强、运行稳定等诸多优点,两年来,运用于兰州烟厂制丝生产线监控系统,体现了较高的实用价值和经济性。对其进行宣介,进一步扩展应用范围,能够提高国内烟厂制丝生产线监控系统效能,有助于同行业的技术交流和提升综合质量管理水平。

The Design of Supervisory Institutions in the Ming Dynasty and Its Enlightenment to Modern Society

The supervisory system and the examination system are two indigenous political systems of China,and the former has a longer history than the latter when it comes to the origin.Having inherited the essence of the supervisory system since the Qin Dynasty,the supervisory rules in the Ming Dynasty opened a new chapter of legal thoughts of monitoring.This paper started with the design of the supervisory institutions in the Ming Dynasty recorded in the historical materials such as the Memoir of Ming Dynasty and The Interpretive Supplements to"The Great Learning",to get a glimpse of the main content of the legal thoughts of supervisory at that time,and tried to"take history as a mirror"to provide insights and lessons of the legal thoughts of supervisory in the Ming Dynasty for the later generations.

Supervisory Control of Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems Based on Agent

FDES(fuzzy discrete event systems) can effectively represent a kind of complicated systems involving deterministic uncertainties and vagueness as well as human subjective observation and judgement from the view of discrete events, here the information system is divided into some independent intelligent entitative Agents. The concept of information processing state based on Agents was proposed. The processing state of Agent can be judged by some assistant observation parameters about the Agent and its environment around, and the transition among these states can be represented by FDES based on rules. In order to ensure the harmony of the Agents for information processing, its upstream and downstream buffers are considered in the modeling of the Agent system, and the supervisory controller based on FDES is constructed. The processing state of Agent can be adjusted by the supervisory controller to improve the stability of the system and the efficiency of resource utilization during the process according to the control policies. The result of its application was provided to illustrate the validity of the supervisory adjustment.

A Message-array-based Mechanism for Tracking Control Effects in Supervisory Control Software

Supervisory control is a very popular paradigm for computer-controlled systems. Knowledge and tracking the control effect of every control operation is crucial to the control tasks. In the paper, we present a message-array-based mechanism to track control effects in supervisory control software. A novel data type, message array, is designed to efficiently support this tracking mechanism. The operation algorithms, adding algorithm （AA）, removing algorithm （RA）, and scheduler algorithm （SA） are proposed to operate the tracking messages in message array, which forms the special first input X output （FIXO） strategy of message array. Automatically tracking, recording, and rolling back are the characteristics of our tracking mechanism. We implement this messagearray-based mechanism on the famous human machine interface （HMI） software platform-proficy iFix, and construct experiments to evaluate the performance of the mechanism in various cases. The results show our mechanism can be well satisfied with supervisory control software.

Supervisory control of the hybrid off-highway vehicle for fuel economy improvement using predictive double Q-learning with backup models

This paper studied a supervisory control system for a hybrid off-highway electric vehicle under the chargesustaining(CS)condition.A new predictive double Q-learning with backup models(PDQL)scheme is proposed to optimize the engine fuel in real-world driving and improve energy efficiency with a faster and more robust learning process.Unlike the existing“model-free”methods,which solely follow on-policy and off-policy to update knowledge bases(Q-tables),the PDQL is developed with the capability to merge both on-policy and off-policy learning by introducing a backup model(Q-table).Experimental evaluations are conducted based on software-in-the-loop(SiL)and hardware-in-the-loop(HiL)test platforms based on real-time modelling of the studied vehicle.Compared to the standard double Q-learning(SDQL),the PDQL only needs half of the learning iterations to achieve better energy efficiency than the SDQL at the end learning process.In the SiL under 35 rounds of learning,the results show that the PDQL can improve the vehicle energy efficiency by 1.75%higher than SDQL.By implementing the PDQL in HiL under four predefined real-world conditions,the PDQL can robustly save more than 5.03%energy than the SDQL scheme.

Network Security in Remote Supervisory Control

After an introduction to the implementation of supervisory computer control (SCC) through networks and the relevant security issues, this paper centers on the core of network security design: intelligent front-end processor (FEP), encryption/decryption method and authentication protocol. Some other system-specific security measures are also proposed. Although these are examples only, the techniques discussed can also be used in and provide reference for other remote control systems.

Wide-Area Delay-Dependent Adaptive Supervisory Control of Multi-machine Power System Based on Improve Free Weighting Matrix Approach

The paper demonstrates the possibility to enhance the damping of inter-area oscillations using Wide Area Measurement (WAM) based adaptive supervisory controller (ASC) which considers the wide-area signal transmission delays. The paper uses an LMI-based iterative nonlinear optimization algorithm to establish a method of designing state-feedback controllers for power systems with a time-varying delay. This method is based on the delay-dependent stabilization conditions obtained by the improved free weighting matrix (IFWM) approach. In the stabilization conditions, the upper bound of feedback signal’s transmission delays is taken into consideration. Combining theoriesof state feedback control and state observer, the ASC is designed and time-delay output feedback robust controller is realized for power system. The ASC uses the input information from Phase Measurement Units (PMUs) in the system and dispatches supplementary control signals to the available local controllers. The design of the ASC is explained in detail and its performance validated by time domain simulations on a New England test power system (NETPS).

Deepening Reform of the Supervisory System to Intensify the Fight Against Corruption

FIGHTING against corruption according to the law is a hallmark of China’s anti-corruption campaign since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),convened in 2012;and creating a sound,law-based supervisory system is a key focus and task of China’s efforts to establish a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and comprehensively advance law-based governance.In 2018,both the government and the CPC stepped up the formulation of laws and Party regulations for the fight against corruption.

Supervisory Monitoring of Ecological Environment of Marine Nature Reserve

According to the latest situation of marine nature reserves in China, major problems in the construction of China's marine nature reserves and causes were analyzed. Considering related laws and regulations as well as requirements of China's ecological environment protection, this paper pointed out the necessity and urgency of implementing supervisory monitoring over marine nature reserves, and suggested that Ministry of Environmental Protection should take the lead, marine, forestry, land resources and other departments in charge should cooperate to fulfi ll this task, the supervisory monitoring should cover ecological environment, protected objects, routine work of the nature reserve management agency, and the authority of supervisory monitoring results should be highlighted.

Effectiveness of Supervisory Boards in Coordination With Audit Committees in China

China＇s supervisory mechanism is peculiar in that it integrated the supervisory board （SB） of the German corporate governance （CG） model in 1993, and has simultaneously adopted the audit committee （AC） of the Anglo-American model since 2002. This paper aims to reveal the effectiveness of SBs in coordination with ACs in China. The regulations for Anglo-American and Chinese systems are compared and further evidence is provided through interviewing two governors of all listed companies in the SSE and of 79 investment corporations in Hangzhou. Both statements indicate that China still faces difficulties and problems in meeting the two indexes of independence and expertise of supervision to give effective supervisory functions. Both opinions differed in terms of the co-ordination of SBs and ACs in the future. The evidence presented forms a basis for proposals of how key characteristics of effectiveness and co-ordination can be improved to make supervisory functions in China more effective.

Decision-Making Process in Japanese Board Room. Audit ＆ Supervisory Board as a Source of Information to Outside Board Members： A Systematic Review

I the context of the Corporate Governance Code enactment in Japan, we examine how newly introduced outside directors in Japanese boards obtain information to take part in the decision-making process. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and found 18 peer-reviewed publications in a time span between 2000 and 2016 that described the asymmetry of information between the insider group of board directors （including the CEO） and the outside board members. Our fmdings show that for the course of more than a decade, despite all changes and reforms, the role of board directors, whether insiders or outsiders, is still supplementary. They are treated more as advisors than active part in the decision-making process. We reveal different insider sources of information as forming social ties with the CEO and/or inside board directors and collaboration with Audit ＆ Supervisory Board （Kansayaku）, which can help reduce this asymmetry and improve the decision-making process. We assume that it will be easier for the outsiders to establish contacts and form social ties with the Audit ＆ Supervisory Board members because of their unspoken lower status and thus to obtain more information about the company internal affairs and discussions that take place during the informal meetings, where only insiders （including the CEO） are present.

The Modem Business Reporting Dimension Including the Reports of the Supervisory Board

This paper is of conceptual nature. The considerations are based on literature studies and empirical research carried out in 2009 and 2011 among the members of supervisory board in Polish public companies. The purpose of this article is to present a new business reporting model extended by the supervisory board＇s reports. The part of this article, which is based on the literature research, clarifies the scope of modem business reporting, being a part of a company＇s information system. This article includes management commentary proposal prepared by the International Accounting Standards Board （IASB）. The authors proposed a supplement to the management commentary which is a global model of disclosures accompanying financial statements. According to the concept presented in this article, information prepared and disclosed by managers in financial statements and management commentaries are parts of a larger reporting system-corporate reporting supply chain. This paper mainly proposes an extension of a modem company＇s information system with a new channel of communication, such as supervisory board＇s reports. This article explains the role of a supervisory board associated with the conception. In the prepared conception, supervisory board becomes an active reviewer of management action. Moreover, it is also an active participant in the chain of corporate reports. Deliberations presented in this article are the voices in the debate on the shape of the modem business reporting.

Perfection solutions of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies

Operational mechanism of supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies is not ideal, the supervisory effect of the listed company rely on features of supervisors＇ board and member of the supervisors＇ board. Based on the comparison of supervisory audit in Britain, Germany, France and Japan, and the empirical research on 100 listed companies in a share market, the paper analyses supervisory audit in Chinese listed companies, and proposes some perfection solutions to strengthen supervisory audit.

Fuzzy Supervisory Control and GPC Applied to a Flexible Single-Link Manipulator

This paper presents the development of a classical and intelligent control approaches applied to a flexible single-link manipulator robot and compared in terms of input tracking and vibration suppression. Lagrange＇s equations and finite elements method are combined to compute dynamic model of a flexible link manipulator with one rigid joint. Next, dynamics are itemized to explain flexible link behavior. Then a fuzzy supervisory controller is developed and introduced in the high level of the closed-loop of the flexible manipulator. A generalized predictive controller is then developed and introduced in the flexible system closed-loop to minimize end-point residual vibrations. Simulation results obtained are compared to a GPC （generalized predictive controller） in terms of end-point vibration suppression, input tracking and disturbance rejection. A conclusion encloses the paper.

Substation Supervisory System Basedon Feeder Control Units

This paper introduces a kind of Feeder Control Units (FCUs) which treat feeders or main transformers as its objects. Being carefully designed, the FCU can separately meet the requirements such as signals’ acquisition, local control, on-time switchgear interlocking, etc. Equipped with a sort of high-speed serial communicahon interface, the FCUs can be distributively arranged near or into the switchgear, therefore a kind of distributed substation supervisory system can be formed.

The State Food and Drug Administration:Supervisory Regulations on Cosmetics May Be Introduced This Year

On May 28, 2019 Chinese Cosmetics Development Conference was held in Beijing. At the conference, Li Nan, chief of the General Division, Supervision Department of the State Food and Drug Administration introduced China’s development concerning the cosmetics supervisory rules and regulations from the perspectives of legislation plan and thinking. He mentioned that the regulations on supervision and administration of cosmetics are expected to be released this year, and the regulations on cosmetic registration and label management.

Modular supervisory control for multi-floor manufacturing processes

Due to space availability limitations and high land costs,there is an increasing development of multi-floor manufacturing(MFM)systems in urban and industrial areas.The problem of coordination in a multi-floor manufacturing process,in the Ramadge Wonham framework,is introduced.The manufacturing chain of each floor and the elevator system are modeled in the form of finite deterministic automata.The models of the multi-floor manufacturing process are parametric with respect to the number of floors and the number of manufacturing machines on each floor.The coordination desired performance is formulated in the form of desired regular languages in analytic forms.The languages are realized by appropriate supervisors in the form of finite deterministic automata.The models of the supervisors are also parametric with respect to the number of floors and the number of manufacturing machines on each floor.The total control of the coordination of the multi-floor manufacturing process is accomplished via a modular supervisory control architecture.The complexity of the supervisors as well as the complexity of the total modular supervisory architecture are determined in analytic forms with respect to the number of floors and the number of manufacturing machines on each floor.The special case of a two floor manufacturing process is presented as an illustrative example.

A call for enhanced data-driven insights into wind energy flow physics

With the increased availability of experimental measurements aiming at probing wind resources and wind turbine operations,machine learning(ML)models are poised to advance our understanding of the physics underpinning the interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer and wind turbine arrays,the generated wakes and their interactions,and wind energy harvesting.However,the majority of the existing ML models for predicting wind turbine wakes merely recreate Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulated data with analogous accuracy but reduced computational costs,thus providing surrogate models rather than enhanced data-enabled physics insights.Although ML-based surrogate models are useful to overcome current limitations associated with the high computational costs of CFD models,using ML to unveil processes from experimental data or enhance modeling capabilities is deemed a potential research direction to pursue.In this letter,we discuss recent achievements in the realm of ML modeling of wind turbine wakes and operations,along with new promising research strategies.