The Low-Carbon Operations in Ecotourism Service Supply Chain Management

The ecotourism has quickly developed as the fastest growing industry in recent years. Ecotourism is one kind of tourism industry that also consists of complex service providers like travel agents, hotels, transportations （such as airplane, bus, and ship） restaurants, and destinations, connecting with operational diversity; therefore, those of supported services are linked with a supply chain together, and its management is called ecotourism service supply chain management （ESSCM）. Moreover, a low-carbon operation management has also become an important challenge to ecotourism nowadays. Based on the problems of service and low-carbon operation management made together above, exploring an effective solution into ecotourism is worthy. Using ESSCM as a strategy for solving industrial problems of service and low-carbon operations management in ecotourism is explored in this paper. The contributions here include clearly explanations of what ESSCM is and how ESSCM is used with low-carbon operations as a sustainability strategy, and finally a practical case study is also examined in the end.

The Operation Mechanism of Agricultural Products Supply Chain and Profit Allocation Model in the Context of Asymmetric Information

The research performed analysis on causes of asymmetric information of agricultural product supply chain and made conclusion on operation mechanism and characteristics of supply chain based on asymmetric information. Finally, the research detailed profit sharing of agricultural product supply chain in the context of asymmetric information and proposed suggestions, providing references of pricing and profit sharing of supply chains of agricultural products.

The Operation Model of Pig Supply Chain Based on Temporal and Spatial Perspectives

This paper constructed pig supply chain based on theoretical study and practical research, then analyzed the operation model of pig supply chain from tem- poral and spatial perspectives. The results showed that from the spatial perspective, pig supply chain had five models of operation, such as vertical integration pig sup- ply chain, quasi-vertical integration pig supply chain （tightly-knit pig supply chain）, semi-tightly pig supply chain, loosely-organized pig supply chain and market-oriented pig supply chain. In contrast, from temporal aspect, pig supply chain experiences the pure market transaction, contract form, cooperatives, vertical integration and hori- zontal integration model of operation; the future pig supply chain model in China might be the longitudinal transverse group alliance pig supply chain, namely, the upper vertical integration or quasi-vertical integration （leading processing enterprise ＋ farmer） and down horizontal integration （leading processing enterprises ＋ logistics company ＋ sales）, and it would be a kind of competition among interest groups by division of cooperation.

Operating Analysis of the Closed Supply Chain of Green Agricultural Products Based on Logistics Center

This thesis gives the overview of concept and constitution of the closed supply chain of green agricultural products based on logistics center,and the necessity of regarding logistics center as core enterprise.Meanwhile,it analyzes the function of logistics center of agricultural products,namely functions of exchange,collection,distribution,storage and transportation.It also poses the prerequisites of logistics center.The logistics center of agricultural products must have stable profit expectancy,prominent scale,strong appealing power,capacity of bearing market risk and basic thoughts of supply chain management.The functional design of the closed supply chain of green agricultural products has been discussed in 5 aspects,namely logistics center,production base,providers of means of production,retailer and consumer.The operating thoughts of the closed supply chain of green agricultural products based on logistics center are put forward on the basis of the research of operating objective and service target of supply chain as follows:first,based on local principal agricultural products,the logistics center mainly distributes the massed agricultural products;second,it is necessary to choose appropriate strategic cooperative partners to sign contract;third,the operating procedure of supply chain entails bringing in professional managerial talents of supply chain;finally,the relationships of supply chain should be maintained.

The Architecture and Operation Mode of Virtual Supply Chain

Virtual supply chain, as a modern collaborative mode of enterprises, is important to decrease the cost and improve the efficiency and the quality of supply chains, and to satisfy customers. Based on the analysis of the conception and characteristics of the virtual supply chain, the architecture of virtual supply chain is built, and corresponding objects, tasks, information and technologies are described. Three operation modes-Order-driven, manufacturer-centered, and retailer-centered are researched. As a case, virtual supply chain is applied in the electronic commerce and networked customization system of ceramic products.

Improving Supply Chain Strategies towards Mitigating the Effect of Crude Oil Theft and Pipeline Vandalism in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry: A Case Study of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC)

Generically, SCM may be said to include all activities carried out to ensure proper functioning of the supply chain. The activities included in proper management of a supply chain broadly include logistics activities, planning and control of the flow of information and materials in a firm, management of relationships with other organizations and government intervention, However, crude oil theft and pipeline vandalism are established products supply chain disruptors in Nigeria which are rendering the task of running an efficient petroleum supply chain onerous. This paper aims to establish the importance of effective supply chain strategies for companies in the oil and gas industry with special focus on the Nigerian oil and gas sector and the strategies by which the state oil and gas corporation in this sector may mitigate disruptions to its supply chain. This study investigates the enhancement of supply chain strategies towards meeting the challenge of crude oil theft and pipeline vandalism, using the Nigerian National Corporation (NNPC) as a case study. Based on this study, data were collected from two sources: A summary of incident reports obtained from NNPC and an interview with personnel in the PPMC Department. Incident report refers to a report produced when accidents such as equipment failure, injury, loss of life, or fire occur at the work site. Content analysis is utilized to evaluate data obtained from interview responses, CBN financial stability reports, NDIC annual reports, circulars, banking supervision reports and implementation guidelines. The study found out that NNPC should endeavor to sustain its value chain and ward of pipeline vandals and crude oil thieves by engaging in community partnership, detailing security outfits to ensure its pipelines’ right of way and bridging. Concluded that the oil supply chain of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation has been plagued by disruptions in the form of crude oil theft and pipeline vandalism which has had debilitating effects on its value.

A Review on Strategic, Tactical and Operational Decision Planning in Reverse Logistics of Green Supply Chain Network Design

The environmental impact has been a critical issue in supply chain network research. Handling it efficiently will help the firm reduce pollution and save cost. In order to improve the environmental effect on this supply chain network, recovery activity becomes a significant part in the reverse logistics network, due to complexity and heterogeneity. In a reverse logistics network, there are many decision problems to be taken into consideration such as facility location, capacity allocation, production planning and vehicle routing. Each of these problems can be categorized into three types of decision planning: strategic, tactical or operational, based on the time planning horizon. In this paper, we review the literature of supply chain network in an effort to achieve green through implementing reverse logistic practices, and classify the defined problems by the group of decision planning. In general, most of the literatures are focused on the strategic and tactical decision planning, only a few are operational-based. The objective of this paper is to analyze the decision planning being done in this area of research and provide future insights on how to design the reverse logistics network with different decision planning which will reflect the real life scenario.

A review of state-of-the-art processing operations in coal preparation

Coal preparation is an integral part of the coal commodity supply chain. This stage of post-mining, pre-utilization beneficiation uses low-cost separation technologies to remove unwanted mineral matter and moisture which hinder the value of the coal product. Coal preparation plants typically employ several parallel circuits of cleaning and dewatering operations, with each circuit designed to optimally treat a specific size range of coal. Recent innovations in coal preparation have increased the efficiency and capac- ity of individual unit operations while reinforcing the standard parallel cleaning approach. This article, which describes the historical influences and state-of-the-art design for the various coal preparation unit operations, is organized to distinguish between coarse/intermediate coal cleaning and fine/ultrafine coal cleaning. Size reduction, screening, classification, cleaning, dewatering, waste disposal unit operations are particularly highlighted, with a special focus on the LI.S. design philosophy. Notable differences between the U.S. and international operations are described as appropriate.

Agent Architecture and Collaboration for Supply Chain Management

Recently multi-agent system(MAS)is regarded as a powerful paradigm to develop and simulate complex system. Because supply chain(SC)is a complex network,it is hard to improve supply chain management(SCM)efficiency and automate SC operating process.Researchers have applied MAS in SCM viewing enterprises in SC as different functional agents collaborating to achieve common goal.In this paper a MAS-based supply chain management framework(MSF)is developed on which agents can collaborate to conduct business activities of enterprises and customers.Six kinds of functional agents are designed,namely, management agent,order receiving agent,order decomposing agent,resource agent,manufacturing-controlling agent and trans- portation agent.Through the agents’ collaboration the MSF can support SC dynamic forming and operating process.For partner selection the method to transmit customers’ order into demand matrix,and transmit enterprise’s resource capacity into resource matrix is described in detail.The MSF users decide which algorithm to be applied in matching the two matrixes,and algorithms are stored in model base.Finally the generic agent architecture is put formard.

Effect of Ordering Policies on Complex Dynamics Behaviours in a Discrete-Type Manufacturing Industry Supply Chain System

The beer game model is a typical paradigm used to study complex dynamics behaviours in production–distribution systems. The model, however, does not accord with current practical supply chain system models in discrete?type manufacturing industry, which are generally composed of retailers, distributors, manufacturers with internal sup?ply chain, and suppliers. To describe how ordering policies influence the complex dynamics behaviour modes and operating cost in a general discrete?type manufacturing industry supply chain system, a high dimension piecewise?linear dynamics model is built for the supply chain system. Five kinds of ordering policy combination are considered. The distribution of both the largest Lyapunov exponent of e ective inventory and average operating cost per cycle is obtained by simulation in a policy space. The simulation shows that for the general discrete?type manufacturing industry supply chain system, the upper chaotic corners emerge besides the lower chaotic corners in the policy space expressing the distribution of system behaviour mode, and that the ordering policies at each supply chain node as well as their combination have very significant e ect on the topology of the distribution of both system behaviour mode and operating cost in the policy space. We find that chaos is not always corresponding to high cost, and the "chaos amplification" is not completely relevant to the "cost amplification".

Pattern on Total Productive Maintenance in Supply Chain

Defined as total productive maintenance carried out by all cooperators in Supply Chain, Total Operational Maintenance (TOM) focuses on adapting to collaborative business environment in virtue of Internet & Intranet. It focuses on the managerial ideology of embedded with Quick Response (QR),Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and Supply Chain. And the theoretical architecture and implementation is also described. It offers emphatically that it is necessary to exceed competitive advantage of the enterprises by optimizing reliability, empowerment and Overall Facilities Effectiveness (OFE) applying TOM together into the strategic improvement plan.

A Web Service Framework for Environmental and Carbon Footprint Monitoring in Construction Supply Chains

With the growing environmental concerns, green supply chain management （GSCM） is gaining significant attention in the construction industry. Tracking and monitoring the environmental effects brought forth by the participating members along a supply chain is important to GSCM. The GreenSCOR model developed by the Supply Chain Council provides a generic framework for measuring the total carbon footprint and environmental footprint in a supply chain. The model is based on the Supply Chain Operations Reference （SCOR） model, which represents a supply chain network in a hierarchically structured manner. This paper describes the GreenSCOR framework and its potential application to the construction industry. This paper also presents a web services approach to incorporate the GreenSCOR model to the implementation of collaborative information systems. Each process element in the SCOR model is represented and delivered as individual web service units, which can be reused and integrated using standard web services technologies. The service units are combined and managed in a prototype web service collaborative framework, called SC Collaborator, which is designed and developed for supporting construction supply chain management. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the implementation of the GreenSCOR-based SC Collaborator framework.

Proposal for a Project of Integration of IT Tools With Focus on Planning and Control of Operations on the Shop Floor

Manufacturing system, with high level of complexity and with a mix of semi-repetitive and repetitive products, to become productive, should seek the standardization of products and processes to obtain the optimization of use of production resources. However, it is necessary to measure the productivity, so that the system of measurement and control of manufacturing processes are an element critical as to ensure greater visibility of the flow＇s restrictions, minimized when detected properly. In this case, the automation of factory＇s measurement process can effectively contribute to ensuring the effectiveness of the function control of a manufacturing system. It is important to consider that the automation of the system of measurement and control of manufacturing processes, of complex environment, is heavily dependent of IT tools applied directly in the interface computational between the operation systems and the corporate systems. This heavy reliance, if exploited technically properly, allows that automation of the system of measurement and control of production makes the access to time real of availability of manufacturing process＇s data, such as processing time and setup time that it can export to a specialist software in programming production, for example, feasible. In this paper, the automation of the system of measurement and control of production is approached, in order to identify the main possibilities of the design of an information system capable to integrate the flow of information in an environment internal on manufacturing organizations, with emphasis in the digital manufacturing paradigm.

The Construction and Competitiveness of Operation Model of Agricultural Industrial Cluster

Through reviewing the viewpoints of former scholars, the connotation and features of supply chain of agricultural industrial cluster are introduced. The agricultural industrial cluster model constituted by core network and supporting network is constructed. Three operation models of this kind of supply chain is described: the model takes wholesale market of agricultural products as the core; the model take pillar industries of agricultural industrialization as core; model takes the chains of retail enterprises as core. The competitiveness of agricultural industrial cluster is researched. The research assumes that the competiveness of supply chain of agricultural industrial cluster is mainly represented to make the agricultural industrial cluster to acquire more capabilities in terms of innovation and knowledge sharing capability, resource allocation capability, agile market adaptability and distinct value creation capability.

供应链环境下Supply Hub模式研究

Supply hub运作模式是供应链物流的一种创新模式。在界定supply hub概念的基础上阐述了supply hub的管理思想,并详细讨论了supply hub的运作模式及实现的功能,分析了supply hub的运作流程,为企业实施supply hub提供有效借鉴。

Reactive and Robust Planning of Moroccan Citrus Chain Based on Multi-agent System and Performance Indicators

As part of improving services done for various clients in all Moroccan areas, Moroccan exportation group of fruits and vegetables in collaboration with their packaging units and producers, tends to cooperate in order to face with international competitiveness. Indeed, the complexity of networks of partners has led policy-makers to implement new techniques and tools to help control different processes. For this reason, the implementation of a permanent monitoring of different operations ranging from production, packaging, and distribution of perishable products has become paramount. This article aims to propose a model of multi-agent citrus supply chain, based on indicators for monitoring and evaluation of performance of its logistics systems, in order to build a new independent, robust and responsive chain, and to optimize and control the flow of materials and information between the different actors and stakeholders of the chain.

Competitiveness of the Liner Operators： Methodological Issues and Implications

In the 21 st century, ocean container carriers are facing high competition in cargo volume attraction and retention from their business to business customers. The main focus of this study is on the methodological issues in the analysis of shipping lines＇ competitiveness. A system review of the literature is conducted in three stages to identify the key factors influential to the competitiveness of liner shipping companies. An initial search has found 897 studies, which were then reduced to 39 after further scanning and review. The systematic review has elicited 15 key selection criteria which were further reduced through analytic hierarchy process to five critical factors influential to the liner shipping companies＇ competitiveness. For example, among the most frequently cited factors are the freight rate, service quality, scheduling, handling equipment and information technology. Based on the findings from the systematic literature review, a conceptual framework to identify the main determinants of the liner operators is developed, and implications for future research are also discussed.

工业互联网场景下运营管理研究综述

工业互联网作为新一代信息技术与工业制造深度融合的全新工业生态,对提高企业运营效率、推动制造业高质量发展具有重要意义。综合分析了工业互联网场景下运营管理相关文献,发现:1)工业互联网平台的研究大多数是通过定性方法分析其在不同行业的应用场景及平台生态,而通过定量方法探究工业互联网平台的深层次运营及协调机制是今后需重点关注的问题;2)通过数字化、网络化和智能化来提高产品质量、降低成本、优化业务流程等,实现价值创造,而工业互联网下制造企业、顾客等多主体的价值共创机理和模式是重要的研究问题;3)现有研究聚焦工业互联网技术和模型算法对生产运营中单一活动进行优化,而工业互联网环境下“研-制-维”一体化协同流程的构建方法以及多级闭环决策体系与智能决策方法需要深入探究;4)现有研究已明确工业互联网下供应链可以通过互联互通、可视性、实时性及可追溯性提升运营绩效,并探讨了技术采纳对其策略选择及协调机制的影响,未来可以将关注点转向下游客户端。

低碳视角下集成式纺织服装闭环供应链运作决策

纺织服装产业的蓬勃发展,不仅有效带动了社会经济的快速发展,同时也造成了废旧服装数量的日益剧增。为有效提高废旧服装回收效率及其利用率,兼顾供应链整体运营与生态环境的目标,文章设计分析了一个由供应商、制造商和零售商组成的三级纺织服装闭环供应链网络,其中零售商集成废旧服装的统一回收,制造商集成废旧服装的统一分类及再利用废旧服装的加工处理。鉴于服装回收处理过程中碳排放量高且分布不均这一现实问题,引入碳配额机制,以供应链整体收益和成本为目标,建立一个双目标决策优化模型,并对模型设计了约束求解方法。最后通过数值实验说明了本文所建模型的有效性和相应运营决策方案的合理最优性。相关研究结果表明:废旧纺织服装的回收处理尽管需要一定的运营成本,但从长期运营视角来看,其能够给供应链整体带来较大的潜在收益。零售商和制造商的集成化运营模式不仅可有效的降低供应链的整体运营成本,同时亦可有效提升供应链整体的协同运作效率。合理的碳配额机制可有效激励相关成员企业去绿色低碳运营,进而提升自身竞争力和可持续发展能力。相关研究成果不仅具有一定的理论价值,同时对政府和服装产业制定合理的碳配额机制,设计构建纺织服装闭环供应链网络具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。

低碳视域下造纸产业绿色供应链运作模式构建与评价研究

传统的制浆造纸产业具有典型的高污染、高能耗特征,对造纸产业供应链进行绿色化改革是该产业应对低碳化发展要求的重要举措之一。基于此,以造纸产业的低碳化发展为基本出发点,对造纸产业绿色供应链的运作模式进行分析并搭建了一种对应的运作模式,基于系统性、全面兼顾重点性、科学兼顾实用性等原则构建了DEA-AHP-Fuzzy评价模型,借助该模型对造纸产业绿色供应链运作模式进行评价。结果表明:该模型可以很好地反映造纸产业绿色供应链水平。