Analysis of Supply Chain Sustainability Drivers in the Oil and Gas Industry under Covid-19 Pandemic

The supply chain of many industries,including Oil and Gas,was significantly affected by the disruption caused by the Covid pandemic.This,in turn,had a knock-on effect on other industries around the globe.Sustaining the impact of the disruption posed a major challenge for the industry.This study contributes to the existing literature by identifying and analyzing the most significant drivers that affected the sustainability of the Oil and Gas supply chain during the Covid pandemic.Fifteen drivers were identified based on an extensive literature review and a survey conducted with experts working in the Oil and Gas industry.Multi-criteria decision-making methodologies were used to analyze these drivers.The analysis from the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process found that the most important drivers for the sustainability of the Oil and gas supply chain during the pandemic were"Risk management capacity","Government regulation"and"Health and safety of employees".On the other hand,the driver"Community Pressure"was found to be of the least importance.Furthermore,the study integrated the results of the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process with the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution to calculate the supply chain sustainability index.A case example was demonstrated to rank the industries based on such calculations.This study can support the governmental institutions in benchmarking the Oil and Gas industry based on its sustainability index.Additionally,the outcomes of the study will help industrial decision makers prioritize the drivers the company should focus and devise strategies based on the priority to improve the sustainability of their supply chain during severe disruption.This will be crucial as the World health organization has cautioned that the world may encounter another pandemic in the near future.

Neutrosophic Mathematical Programming for Optimization of Multi-Objective Sustainable Biomass Supply Chain Network Design

In this paper,a multi-objective sustainable biomass supply chain network under uncertainty is designed by neutrosophic programming method.In this method,for each objective function of the problem,three functions of truth membership,non-determination and falsehood are considered.Neutrosophic programming method in this paper simultaneously seeks to optimize the total costs of the supply chain network,the amount of greenhouse gas emissions,the number of potential people hired and the time of product transfer along the supply chain network.To achieve the stated objective functions,strategic decisions such as locating potential facilities and tactical decisions such as optimal product flow allocation and vehicle routing must be made.The results of the implementation of neutrosophic programming method show the high efficiency of this method in achieving the optimal values of each objective function.Also,by examining the rate of uncertainty,it was observed that with increasing this rate,the total costs of supply chain network design,greenhouse gas emissions and product transfer times have increased,and in contrast,the potential employment rate of individuals has decreased.

Analysis on the Structure of Influencing Factors of Sustainable Supply Chain Implementation of Water Diversion Project

The systematic analysis of the hierarchical relationship among the factors affecting the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects has theoretical value and practical significance for the sustainable development of large-scale water diversion projects. Through the investigation of relevant literature, books, web pages, materials, and discussions with relevant experts and scholars, a total of 23 factors influencing the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects were identified. Then using ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling Method) to analyze the causality of each factor, a multi-level hierarchical structure model was obtained. The results showed that: 1) The surface-level influencing factors of the sustainable supply chain implementation of the water diversion project mainly included 8 factors such as water-saving awareness and water-saving intensity in the diversion area, water quality, water pollution and other disasters, effective incentive mechanisms, etc., and surface-level influencing factors were directly related to the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects. 2) The indirect influencing factors of the sustainable supply chain of water diversion projects included 12 factors such as the water quality and quantity guarantee rate of the supply chain, the government’s enforcement of laws and regulations, water distribution, ecological compensation, and compensation mechanisms for residents in the water source area. Indirect influencing factor scan acts directly on the direct influencing factors, and intervening in the factors that can be controlled by humans is one of the important ways to improve the sustainable operation of water diversion projects. 3) The fundamental influencing factors for the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects included three factors: Resettlement policy, government financial support, and sound laws and regulations. Deep influencing factors had multi-channel influence and controllability, and intervening in them was the main means to improve the sustainable operation of water diversion projects.

THE PROSPECTIVE OF NEW TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY IN CHINA

China is a large developing country with rapid growth rate. To the year 2050, its electric power will be increased by six to eight times, reaching 1.5—1.8 TW total installed capacity. The development can not only rely on the existing technology, it is crucial to accelerate the new technology development. This article discusses the perspective of various new technologies from the available energy resources and the required increase of electric power.

The Impact of Climate Change on Sustainable Food Supply and Environmental Safety in Ekiti State, Nigeria

The resultant climate change on sustainable food supply has greatly affected agricultural production by the level of great volumes of gasses emitted into the atmosphere by human activities. The human factors that emit large amount of green house gases include industrialization, burning of fossil fuel and gas flaring. Increase in air temperature and consequent increase in the rates of evaporation also affect the level of food supply. Data for this study were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary source were collected through field investigation and structured questionnaire. A total of 450 questionnaires were administered. Results revealed that varieties of crops ranging from tree crops to cereals were cultivated within the study area. The effect of climate change on food supply has resulted into change in crop yields, change in rainfall pattern, soil loss and has greatly affected planting period and harvesting. The study therefore recommended awareness campaigns on the causes and consequences of global climate change on food production, environmental education and afforestation campaign programmes on sustainable food supply and environmental safety must be intensified.

Analysis of Sustainable Materials Used in Ecovillages: Review of Progress in BedZED and Masdar City

This paper explores reclaimed and recycled material used in ecovillages. The models discussed in this paper include BedZED in the United Kingdom and Masdar City in the Middle East. These two communities contain features characterized by the sustainable principles of the ecovillage concept by using non-traditional building materials. The creations of more ecovillages, along with the growth of current ecovillages, play an important role in positively solvening environmental and social problems. The sustainable materials used in the ecovillages also act as a model for communities wishing to implement sustainable development.

Resilience strategies for sustainable supply chains under budget constraints in the post COVID-19 era

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused uncertainty risk surges,increased sustainable supply chain vulnerabilities,and challenges to sustainable supply chain resilience(SSCR)management.Therefore,improving SSCR is necessary to alleviate vulnerabilities,and SSCR management must generate large capital investments.However,the economic downturn brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic has made some companies have limited budgets that can be used to improve SSCR.Therefore,the design of resilience solutions needs to fully consider the constraints of budgetary costs.Most of the existing related literature only discusses optimal resilience solutions under certain cost constraints,so such resilience solutions cannot be applied to most enterprises.In this study,we set the cost constraint as a variable quantity,using resilience efficiency and customer satisfaction as indicators,to determine the changing laws of optimal resilience strategies when cost constraints change.These rules can be applied to enterprises with different budgeted costs.Our findings suggest that companies should prioritize sacrificing resilience measures(RMs)related to adaptive capacity when budget costs gradually decline,and RMs related to absorptive capacity are indispensable at all budget levels.Furthermore,the pursuit of environmental and social sustainability cannot be abandoned,no matter how limited the flexible budget may be.

Contextual Relevance of Sustainable Supply Chain:Recycling,Philanthropy,or Both?

Many firms have already been actively or passively involved in sustainable supply chain management with the objective of improving the triple bottom line(TBL).But whether the limited funds should be allocated to both community responsibility activities(e.g.,corporate philanthropy)and environmental protection activities(e.g.,recycling)is a confusing question.This paper provides deep insights into the combination strategy of two corporate social responsibility(CSR)types in a two-tier sustainable supply chain by modeling analysis.The decision models in eight scenarios with different combinations of CSR types are proposed and applied for the determination of equilibrium scenarios.The paper’s findings highlight:under certain conditions,(1)the supply chain with two types of CSR is the equilibrium scenario and improves the TBL;(2)counter-intuitively,balancing short-and long-term benefits,firms are more willing to cooperate with partners with relatively low consumers sensitivity of CSR activities;(3)it is wise for the manufacturer to allocate more funding to environmental responsibility than to community responsibility.In addition,considering both short-and long-term benefits,comparing with the manufacturer,the retailer has a stronger incentive to improve recycling efficiency.

An integrated fuzzy production inventory model for manufacturer–retailer coordination under simple carbon tax system

This paper develops twin models towards integrated production inventory planning for manufacturer–retailer ecosystem in a sustainable supply chain setup.Decision-making models are developed in fuzzy environment and under purview of carbon taxation system.Novel conception of Fermatean fuzzy numbers is introduced for handling parameters imprecision.The first model addresses planning problem without considering green investments,whereas the second one additionally identifies optimal green investments for each player of ecosystem.Models are formulated as nonlinear optimization problems with objective of maximizing profit.Comparison of results from both models enables decision-makers to figure out the profitability of green investment option.Numerical instance with data from the existing literature is solved using Mathematica 12.1.Computational results for studied case report profitability of green investments for supply chain partners and significant reduction in carbon emissions as well.Variation analysis demonstrates stability of the proposed model.Developed models equip small-scale retailer-manufacture tie-ups prevalent in developing economies for discussed decisions.

可持续食物供给导向的城市边缘区农林用地规划与空间管控研究

Commercial agricultural production, which has altered the global distribution of farmland, garden plot, and woodland, cuts links between cities and their neighboring production land, as well as links between production land and the environment, affecting the quality of food supply and inducing ecological crisis. Closely related to urban-rural public welfare and regional ecological security, sustainable food supply, which is featured by various types, local production, and short-chain transportation, is an effective way to address the negative impact of commercial agriculture. This paper clarifies the important role of agricultural and forest land in urban fringe areas through analyzing the functional connotation and spatial bases of sustainable food supply, and proposes a planning strategy for systematic land protection and efficient spatial management in accordance with the current situation of food supply and compound demands in urban areas. Specifically, it consists of: identifying the land and the support space with potential for diversified food production;establishing an agriculture and forestry support network system and integrating it into regional landscape ecological network;guiding the low impact utilization of production units by following the natural process and resource characteristics;enhancing land protection efficiency based on supporting links.

Medium-and long-term sustainable supply approaches and strategies for essential and typical strategic resources in China

This paper examines sustainable supply strategies for essential and strategic resources in China,addressing both domestic requirements and global supply uncertainties.In the context of intense global competition for resources and substantial internal demand,China’s significant role as a major consumer and global supplier is pivotal in the dynamics of the global supply chain.This study highlights China’s dependence on imports for essential resources and the critical need for resilient supply chains to enhance national security and promote environmental sustainability.By referencing international experiences and accounting for China’s specific circumstances,this study proposes strategic initiatives,including updating the strategic resource catalog,imposing export controls on key minerals,promoting resource conservation,and enhancing global cooperation.These strategies aim to reduce external dependencies and support global resource sustainability.The proposed framework can help policymakers ensure long-term resource security and manage resources more effectively in complex global landscapes.