Using the surface panel method to predict the steady performance of ducted propellers

A new numerical method was developed for predicting the steady hydrodynamic performance of ducted propellers. A potential based surface panel method was applied both to the duct and the propeller, and the interaction between them was solved by an induced velocity potential iterative method. Compared with the induced velocity iterative method, the method presented can save programming and calculating time. Numerical results for a JD simplified ducted propeller series showed that the method presented is effective for predicting the steady hydrodynamic performance of ducted propellers.

Prediction of Hydrodynamic Performance of Marine Propellers by Surface Panel Method

The potential based low order surface panel method is used to predict the hydrodynamic performance of marine propellers. In present method the hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels are employed to avoid the gap between the panels. The influence coefficients of panels are calculated by Morino’s analytical formulations for increasing numerically calculating speed. The pressure Kutta condition is satisfied on the trailing edge of propeller blade by Newton-Raphson iterative procedure. Therefore the pressure coefficients of the suction and pressure faces of blade are equal on trailing edge. The method developed by Yanagizawa is used to determine the velocities on propeller surface, and to avoid the singularity in the numerical differentiation. The predicted pressure distributions and open water performances of general propellers and highly skewed propellers have a good agreement with experimental dat and other calculation results.

Prediction of Non-Cavitation Propeller Noise in Time Domain

The blade frequency noise of non-cavitation propeller in a uniform flow is analyzed in time domain. The unsteady loading （dipole source） on the blade surface is calculated by a potential-based surface panel method. Then the time- dependent pressure data is used as the input for Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings formulation to predict the acoustics pressure. The integration of noise source is performed over the true blade surface rather than the nothickness blade surface, and the effect of hub can be considered. The noise characteristics of the non-cavitation propeller and the numerical discretization forms are discussed.

Prediction of Outdoor Noise Propagation Induced By Single-Phase Power Transformers

Outdoor power transformers are one of the most pervasive noise sources in power transmission and distribution systems.Accurate prediction of outdoor noise propagation plays a dominant role for the evaluation and control of noise relevant to the transformer stations.In this paper surface vibration tests are carried out on a scale model of a single-phase transformer tank wall at different excitation frequencies.The phase and amplitude of test data are found to be randomly distributed when the excitation frequency exceeds the seventh mode frequency,which allows the single-phase power transformer to be simplified as incoherent point sources.An outdoor-coherent model is subsequently developed and incorporated with the image source method to investigate noise propagation from single-phase power transformers,due to the occurrence of multiple reflections and diffractions in the propagation path of each point source.The proposed model is used to calculate the sound field of the power transformer group by exploiting the additional phase information.In comparison with the ISO9613 model and the boundary element method,it is found that the proposed coherent image source method leads to more accurate prediction results,and hence better performance for the prediction of the outdoor noise induced by single-phase power transformers.

PREDICTION OF PODDED PROPELLER CAVITATION USING AN UNSTEADY SURFACE PANEL METHOD

The unsteady sheet cavitation of podded propeller was predicted by using a surface panel method. The interaction between propeller and pod was treated with the iterative calculation of induced velocity potential, and the method of induced velocity potential can save a great deal of storage and computation time compared to the method of induced velocity. The induced velocity potential of unit singularity on every pod panel to every key blade panel and of unit singularity on every key blade panel and its wake panel to every pod panel were calculated when the key blade is at every angle position. Based on the wake model of the conventional single propeller, a new wake model of podded propeller was constructed. The propeller is analyzed only on the key blade in order to save computation time and memory space. The method can be used to calculate the hydrodynamics performance and cavitation of propeller in uniform and non-uniform inflows. It can give the unsteady force and cavitation shape of propeller. The propeller cavitation range determined by the present method agrees with the observation results of cavity image given in cavitation tunnel well, and this proves the practicability of the method.

Integrated lifting line/surface panel method for optimal propeller design with consideration of hub effect

An optimal marine propeller design method is proposed,which integrates the lifting line and surface panel method and is characterized by the use of the surface panel method to take the hub effect into consideration.By developing an integrated approach instead of an iterative method for the calculation of the interaction between the hub and the designed blades,the hub effects on the optimal circulation can be accounted for throughout the theoretical design procedure.This new integrated method provides a fast and accurate enough method to model the straight forward hub surface,in the optimal propeller design.A systematic design procedure from the basic design inputs to the blade geometry determination is performed and the designed propellers are validated by the surface panel method and the RANS method.The design and analysis cases are considered by different approaches with comparison and validation.And a comparative study including different hub geometries is also performed to reveal the mechanism of the hub effect on the distributions of the propeller optimal loads.

Outboard abnormal noise source localization method with curved surface projection based on time delay matching and weighting criterion

An improved localization method consisting of ＂filtering-time delay estimationhyperbolic localization＂ is proposed. Combining the empirical mode decomposition（EMD）and time delay estimation method based on generalized average magnitude difference function,the original signals are decomposed into intrinsic mode function（IMF） components. The energy distribution criterion and spectrum consistency criterion are used to select the IMFs, which can represent the physical characteristics of the source signal. Several sets of signals are applied to estimate the time delay, and then a vector matching criterion is proposed to select the correct time delay estimation. Considering the hydrophones location, a shell model is established and projected to a plane according to the quadrant before the hyperbolic localization. Results of mooring and sailing tests show that the proposed method improves the localization accuracy,and reduces the error caused by time delay estimation.

Sound Radiation Analysis of Damping Structure Based on Response Surface Method

The methods of modifying dimension and shape of structure, or covering damping material are effective to reduce structure-borne noise, while these methods are based on the knowledge of qualitative and quantitative relationship between sound radiation and design parameters. In order to decrease the complexity of the problem, response surface method(RSM) was utilized to analyze and optimize the vibro-acoustic properties of the damping structure. A simple case was illustrated to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed procedure. A structure-born noise problem was approximated by a series of polynomials using RSM. Three main performances were considered, i.e. sound radiation power, first order modal frequency and total mass. Consequently, the response surface model not only gives the direction of design modification, it also leads to an optimal design of complex systems.

Noise Reduction Technique Applied to the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves

This paper shows the presence of noises and technique to reduce these noises during the surface wave analysis. The frequency-dependent properties of Rayleigh-type surface waves can be used for imaging and characterizing the shallow subsurface. Interference by coherent source-generated noise inhibits the reliability of shear-wave velocities determined through inversion of the phase velocities of Rayleigh waves. Among these interferences by non-planar, non-fundamental mode Rayleigh waves （noise） are body waves, scattered and non-source-generated surface waves, and highermode surface waves. For the reduction of noise, the filtering technique is implemented in this paper for the multichannel analysis of surface wave method （MASW）. With the de-noising technique during the MASW method, more robust and reliable outcome is achieved. The significance of this paper is to obtain pre-awareness about noises during surface wave analysis and take better outcomes with denoising performance in near surface soil investigations.

Noise Pollution Reduction through a Novel Optimization Procedure in Passive Control Methods

This paper proposes a novel optimization framework in passive control techniques to reduce noise pollution.The geometries of the structures are represented by Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces,which are able to build gap-free Computer-Aided Design models and meanwhile tackle the extraordinary points that are commonly encountered in geometricmodelling.The acoustic fields are simulated using the isogeometric boundary elementmethod,and a density-based topology optimization is conducted to optimize distribution of sound-absorbing materials adhered to structural surfaces.The approach enables one to perform acoustic optimization from Computer-Aided Design models directly without needingmeshing and volume parameterization,thereby avoiding the geometric errors and time-consuming preprocessing steps in conventional simulation and optimization methods.The effectiveness of the present method is demonstrated by three dimensional numerical examples.

外笼套式节流阀气动噪声特性分析及优化

为解决外笼套式节流阀在生产过程中产生的高噪声问题,采用大涡模拟对外笼套式节流阀流场进行模拟计算。从流场特征角度分析气动噪声产生的机制,并基于此提出结构改进方法。通过Box-Behnken响应面设计,以改进结构的孔径、孔数和孔长为优化变量,以监测点总声压级为优化目标,开展降噪结构优化设计。结果表明:节流孔结构突变使流体介质在阀门下游形成多尺度多样化复杂流动,结构改进后流场内压力和速度脉动减小,湍化程度降低,具有二次节流和降噪效果;孔径的变化对监测点总声压级响应值的影响最为明显;对应流道模型的数值模拟结果与系统预测响应值之间的误差为1.19%,验证了BBD响应面法优化结果的可靠性;优化后节流阀总声压级下降了13.1 dB,达到了预期的降噪目的。

汽车空调流体管路的气动噪声分析与优化

以汽车空调风道为研究对象,在Fluent中采用RNG模型和LES模型对管路进行稳态和瞬态计算,对风道出口风量进行试验验证,并采用声类比法计算风道出风口的噪声。根据仿真分析结果,采用响应面法,以出风口1管路的转角半径、出风口2管路左、右管壁的移动距离为设计变量,以出风口2的风量占比为优化目标对空调管路的结构进行优化。最后对优化前、后的管路进行了流场和声场对比分析。结果表明,与原模型相比,优化后风道出风口2的风量比例由20.75%提升到了25.25%,出风口的噪声下降最大值为5.15dB。

团聚物与凸起结构柔性振动筛板碰撞解聚特性

为了促进潮湿细粒煤团聚物的解聚,提出将凸起结构筛板用于物料的筛分。首先,采用挤压壁面法构建了潮湿细粒团聚物模型,仿真分析了团聚物在不同筛板上的碰撞解聚过程及解聚程度;其次,通过单因素和响应面分析法研究了凸起结构参数对团聚物碰撞解聚程度的影响性能,对凸起结构参数进行了优化;最后,通过筛分试验对比了物料在普通筛板和凸起结构筛板的解聚性能。结果表明:凸起结构能提高潮湿细粒团聚物的解聚程度,其参数对团聚物的解聚性能有显著影响;平均垂直应力σyy、液桥断裂百分比DR、平均偏心距离Ad和膨胀速度Ue随凸起结构下底a、上底b的增加呈非单调变化,与高h的变化呈正比;响应面分析得到凸起结构各参数对解聚程度的影响显著性依次为h>b/a>a;通过对凸起结构参数优化,团聚物的解聚程度最高可提升13.4%。

NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF BLADE FREQUENCY NOISE OF CAVITATING PROPELLER

The blade frequency noise of a cavitating propeller in a uniform flow is analyzed in the time domain. The unsteady loading （of a dipole source） and the sheet cavity volume （of a monopole source） on the propeller surface are calculated by a potential-based surface panel method. Then the time-dependent pressure and the cavity volume data are used as the input for the Fowcs Williams-Hawkings formulation to predict the acoustics pressure. The integration of the noise source is performed over the true blade surface rather than the ideal blade surface without thickness. The noise characteristics of the cavitating propeller are discussed. With the sheet cavitation, the thickness （cavitation） noise is larger than the loading noise and is the dominant noise source. The noise directivity is not as clear as that of the noise under a non-cavitation condition. The cavitation noise is attenuated more slowly than the non-cavitation noise.

A method for numerical calculation of propeller hydrodynamics in unsteady inflow

The hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in unsteady inflow was calculated using the surface panel method. The surfaces of blades and hub were discreted by a number of hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels with constant source and doublet distribution. Each panel＇s comer coordinates were calculated by spline interpolation between the main parameter and the blade geometry of the propeller. The integral equation was derived using the Green Formula. The influence coefficient of the matrix was calculated by the Morino analytic formula. The tangential velocity distribution was calculated with the Yanagizawa method, and the pressure coefficient was calculated using the Bonuli equation. The pressure Kutta condition was satisfied at the trailing edge of the propeller blade using the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure, so as to make the pressure coefficients of the suction and pressure faces of the blade equal at the trailing edge. Calculated results for the propeller in steady inflow were taken as initialization values for the unsteady inflow calculation process. Calculations were carried out from the moment the propeller achieved steady rotation. At each time interval, a linear algebraic equation combined with Kutta condition was established on a key blade and solved numerically. Comparison between calculated results and experimental results indicates that this method is correct and effective.

永磁同步电机电磁噪声优化研究

为分析研究永磁同步电机径向电磁力波作用在定子齿上引起的电磁噪声,建立了基于场路耦合的电磁噪声仿真模型,进一步基于该模型进行电磁噪声求解与优化。首先利用场路耦合模型求解电机径向电磁力波,作为电机振动噪声仿真的载荷激励;然后采用模态叠加法和边界元法进行电机电磁噪声仿真,将A计权声压级结果与实验数据进行对比分析;最后基于响应面法确定辅助槽的最佳参数,并基于该参数在转子外侧开设两个弧形辅助槽优化电机电磁噪声。实验和仿真结果表明,基于场路耦合的电磁噪声仿真模型能够更加准确地模拟电机中高频噪声,且合理选择辅助槽参数可以明显改善电机电磁噪声,使得A计权声压级降低了3dB以上。

柔性筛板上黏湿煤团解聚及透筛特性研究

振动弛张筛在黏湿细粒煤炭干法筛分领域应用广泛。采用离散元中的API技术,在EDEM软件中构建了一种新型柔性筛面模型,并利用数学理论模型进行验证,此外探究了筛面振幅参数和颗粒表面能大小对黏湿颗粒运动特性的影响规律。结果表明:随着表面能的增大,煤团与筛面碰撞后形成的二次团聚体越大,筛下颗粒数越少,一定范围内,随振幅的增大解聚后的颗粒平均法向速度越大。研究成果为离散元法研究黏湿煤炭筛分提供理论基础。

基于半解析法的声学黑洞梁结构参数响应面优化

声学黑洞(Acoustic Black Hole,ABH)对弯曲波的聚集效应具有宽频、高效、实现方法简单灵活等特点,在结构减振降噪领域具有广泛的应用前景。以一维声学黑洞梁为对象,结合声学黑洞半解析建模计算方法和响应面优化方法,分析声学黑洞特征长度、截断厚度、幂律以及阻尼层特征长度和厚度这5个参数对一维声学黑洞梁减振效果的影响规律。以一维声学黑洞梁的减振效果为优化目标,对梁和阻尼的结构参数进行优化设计,优化后的一维声学黑洞梁结构在10~8000Hz频率范围内的平均加速度级降低19.03dB。研究对一维声学黑洞梁结构在减振领域的工程应用具有参考价值。

多尺度信息融合的船舶外板检测三维标志点识别方法

针对船舶外板开展数字化检测技术研究对提升船舶外板智能制造水平具有重要意义;为解决船舶外板检测参考点坐标获取问题,提出了一种识别三维标志点的方法,可在船舶外板数字化检测过程中为实测点云和模型点云的匹配提供参考坐标信息;该方法针对船舶外板结构特点和形面测量需求,设计三维标志点的几何结构;此外,结合三维标志点自身多种特征和周边结构差异化特征,将标志点多种尺度信息进行融合,实现对标志点的精准识别;最后通过标志点测量数据计算对应船舶外板上定位点的三维坐标;通过试验验证了所提出的方法在三维标志点识别方面具有准确性高、定位精准的优点,将大幅提升船舶外板数字化检测的效率。

Dissipative free-surface solver for potential flow around hydrofoil distributed with doublets

A doublet integral equation is formulated for the two-dimensional dissipative potential flow around a hydrofoil submerged below a free-water surface. The free-water surface is assumed to involve energy dissipation, and thus it is the source of damping. A doublet panel method is developed from incorporation of the dissipative Green function approach and the doublet distributions on the hydrofoil surface. Numerical computations are implemented, and the derived numerical results are in good agreement with analytic solutions and experimental measurements.