认知行为干预在冠心病临床护理中的应用效果及对SAS、SDS评分的影响

目的:研究冠心病患者实施认知行为干预后的成效。方法:将聊城市第二人民医院2022年10月至2023年10月收治的80例冠心病患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法随机分成试验组和对照组,各40例。试验组受试者实施认知行为干预,对照组受试者实施常规护理。对干预后两组患者的护理满意度、抑郁焦虑评分、生活质量评分等观察指标进行评价。结果:干预后,试验组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,试验组抑郁焦虑评分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,试验组生活质量评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对于冠心病患者展开认知行为干预的成效显著。该护理能够将患者的护理满意度、生活质量提升,使其心理状态得以改善。

优质护理在急性肠胃炎患者中的护理效果观察及SDS、SAS评分影响分析

分析急性肠胃炎患者接受优质护理对SAS评分、SDS评分及护理效果影响。方法 本院急性肠胃炎患者抽选100例,就诊时间2021年1月-2022年12月,电脑抽签法分组。优质护理纳入研究组,基础护理纳入对照组。结果 研究组急性肠胃炎症状改善时间均较对照组短(P<0.05);研究组SAS评分、SDS评分均较对照组低(P<0.05);研究组生存质量分数均较对照组高(P<0.05);研究组护理满意度较对照组高(P<0.05)。结论 优质护理用于急性肠胃炎护理中,可稳定急性肠胃炎患者情绪、缩减急性肠胃炎症状持续时间、优化急性肠胃炎患者生存质量,值得推广应用。

早期心理干预对乳腺癌患者术后SAS、SDS及SIS评分的影响

目的探讨早期心理干预对乳腺癌患者术后SAS(焦虑自量量表)、SDS(抑郁自量量表)及SIS评分(社会影响量表)的影响。方法应用奇偶法随机将150例乳腺癌患者分为对照组和研究组,对照组行常规护理,研究组在其基础上实施早期心理干预,评估两组患者术后心理情况、病耻感、生活质量及护理满意度。结果研究组患者SAS评分、SDS评分及SIS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者社会功能、生理功能、躯体能力及活力均高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者护理满意度(96.00%)高于对照组(84.00%)(P<0.05)。结论在乳腺癌患者治疗中实施早期心理护理干预有助于稳定患者情绪、减少病耻感,生活质量与满意度更高,值得临床推广。

Patent-based technological developments and surfactants application of lithium-ion batteries fire-extinguishing agent

While newer,more efficient Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and extinguishing agents have been developed to reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway accidents,there is still a scarcity of research focused on the application of surfactants in different LIBs extinguishing agents,particularly in terms of patented technologies.The aim of this review paper is to provide an overview of the technological progress of LIBs and LIBs extinguishing agents in terms of patents in Korea,Japan,Europe,the United States,China,etc.The initial part of this review paper is sort out LIBs technology development in different regions.In addition,to compare LIBs extinguishing agent progress and challenges of liquid,solid,combination of multiple,and microencapsulated.The subsequent section of this review focuses on an in-depth analysis dedicated to the efficiency and challenges faced by the surfactants corresponding design principles of LIBs extinguishing agents,such as nonionic and anionic surfactants.A total of 451,760 LIBs-related patent and 20 LIBs-fire-extinguishing agent-related patent were included in the analyses.The extinguishing effect,cooling performance,and anti-recombustion on different agents have been highlighted.After a comprehensive comparison of these agents,this review suggests that temperature-sensitive hydrogel extinguishing agent is ideal for the effective control of LIBs fire.The progress and challenges of surfactants have been extensively examined,focusing on key factors such as surface activity,thermal stability,foaming properties,environmental friendliness,and electrical conductivity.Moreover,it is crucial to emphasize that the selection of a suitable surfactant must align with the extinguishing strategy of the extinguishing agent for optimal firefighting effectiveness.

CH_(4)水合物在SDS和CTAB溶液中的生成特性研究

为探究不同促进剂在甲烷水合物生成过程的微观作用机理,选取动力学促进剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和热力学促进剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为添加剂,采用分子动力学方法研究其对甲烷水合物生成速率的影响.通过分析势能变化、均方位移、径向分布函数、分子簇生长速率,发现质量分数为0.9%SDS、1.2%SDS、1.2%CTAB、1.6%CTAB的溶液均可促进水合物生成.质量分数为1.2%的SDS溶液水合物生长速率最快,且SDS促进效果优于CTAB.通过分析甲烷分子密度分布云图,发现呈阴性的SDS分子头部基团吸附了大量甲烷分子,水分子受挤压向中间聚集;CTAB含氮的头部基团朝向均相溶液,包含在不稳定的水合物笼中,形成半笼型水合物.相比之下,CTAB溶液中水合物含气率更高.

Synthesis of Core-shell ZSM-5@ Ordered Mesoporous Silica by Tetradecylamine Surfactant

A core-shell composite consisting of ZSM-5 zeolite as the core and ordered mesoporous silica as the shell was prepared by a surfactant-controlled sol-gel process and using tetradecylamine(TDA) as the template and Tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS) as the silica precursor.The pores of the silica shell were found to be ordered and perpendicular to the crystal faces of the zeolite core.The thickness of the shell in the coreshell structured composite can be adjusted in the range of 20-90 nm,while the surface morphology and the pore size distribution were modified by changing the mass ratio of TEOS to zeolite.The composite molecular sieves have higher surface area for capturing molecules than ZSM-5,and with the increase of mesoporous shell layer,the ZSM-5@SiO_(2)-x composites show stronger adsorption capacity of butyraldehyde.However,when the shell thickness exceeds 90 nm,the adsorption capacity of butyraldehyde decreases instead.The composites have a huge potential for environmental applications.

Effect of carbon material and surfactant on ink property and resulting surface cracks of fuel-cell microporous layers

Ensuring the consistency of electrode structure in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells is highly desired yet challenging because of wide-existing and unguided cracks in the microporous layer(MPL). The first thing is to evaluate the homogeneity of MPL with cracks quantitatively. This paper proposes the homogeneity index of a full-scale MPL with an area of 50 cm~2, which is yet to be reported in the literature to our knowledge. Besides, the effects of the carbon material and surfactant on the ink and resulting MPL structure have been studied. The ink with a high network development degree produces an MPL with low crack density, but the ink with high PDI produces an MPL with low crack homogeneity. The polarity of the surfactant and the non-polarity of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) are not mutually soluble,resulting in the heterogeneous PTFE distribution. The findings of this study provide guidelines for MPL fabrication.

Synergistic anionic/zwitterionic mixed surfactant system with high emulsification efficiency for enhanced oil recovery in low permeability reservoirs

Emulsification is one of the important mechanisms of surfactant flooding. To improve oil recovery for low permeability reservoirs, a highly efficient emulsification oil flooding system consisting of anionic surfactant sodium alkyl glucosyl hydroxypropyl sulfonate(APGSHS) and zwitterionic surfactant octadecyl betaine(BS-18) is proposed. The performance of APGSHS/BS-18 mixed surfactant system was evaluated in terms of interfacial tension, emulsification capability, emulsion size and distribution, wettability alteration, temperature-resistance and salt-resistance. The emulsification speed was used to evaluate the emulsification ability of surfactant systems, and the results show that mixed surfactant systems can completely emulsify the crude oil into emulsions droplets even under low energy conditions. Meanwhile,the system exhibits good temperature and salt resistance. Finally, the best oil recovery of 25.45% is achieved for low permeability core by the mixed surfactant system with a total concentration of 0.3 wt%while the molar ratio of APGSHS:BS-18 is 4:6. The current study indicates that the anionic/zwitterionic mixed surfactant system can improve the oil flooding efficiency and is potential candidate for application in low permeability reservoirs.

Enabling an Inorganic-Rich Interface via Cationic Surfactant for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

An anion-rich electric double layer(EDL)region is favorable for fabricating an inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)towards stable lithium metal anode in ester electrolyte.Herein,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB),a cationic surfactant,is adopted to draw more anions into EDL by ionic interactions that shield the repelling force on anions during lithium plating.In situ electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy results combined with molecular dynamics simulations validate the enrichment of NO_(3)^(−)/FSI−anions in the EDL region due to the positively charged CTA^(+).In-depth analysis of SEI structure by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry results confirmed the formation of the inorganic-rich SEI,which helps improve the kinetics of Li^(+)transfer,lower the charge transfer activation energy,and homogenize Li deposition.As a result,the Li||Li symmetric cell in the designed electrolyte displays a prolongated cycling time from 500 to 1300 h compared to that in the blank electrolyte at 0.5 mA cm^(-2) with a capacity of 1 mAh cm^(-2).Moreover,Li||LiFePO_(4) and Li||LiCoO_(2) with a high cathode mass loading of>10 mg cm^(-2) can be stably cycled over 180 cycles.

The Meeting Points a New Way out for Surfactant Industrial Chain

In March 2024,a large batch of people along the surfactant industrial chain attended the“2024 Chinese Surfactant Industrial Meeting”,also the 2024(The 2nd)Chinese International Surfactant Industrial Expo held between March 25 and March 28,so as to explore new possibilities in the industry.This event was hosted by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry and National Engineering Research Center for Surfactant(NERCS)and organized by Productivity Promotion Centre for the Surfactant and Detergent Industry and China Daily chemical Industry Information Center,with the special support by China Quality Mark Certification Group.

Effects of pulmonary surfactant combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome

BACKGROUND Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)is one of the most common diseases in neonatal intensive care units,with an incidence rate of about 7%among infants.Additionally,it is a leading cause of neonatal death in hospitals in China.The main mechanism of the disease is hypoxemia and hypercapnia caused by lack of surfactant AIM To explore the effect of pulmonary surfactant(PS)combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on keratin-14(KRT-14)and endothelin-1(ET-1)levels in peripheral blood and the effectiveness in treating NRDS.METHODS Altogether 137 neonates with respiratory distress syndrome treated in our hospital from April 2019 to July 2021 were included.Of these,64 control cases were treated with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and 73 observation cases were treated with PS combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.The expression of KRT-14 and ET-1 in the two groups was compared.The deaths,complications,and PaO_(2),PaCO_(2),and PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)blood gas indexes in the two groups were compared.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)analysis was used to determine the diagnostic value of KRT-14 and ET-1 in the treatment of NRDS.RESULTS The observation group had a significantly higher effectiveness rate than the control group.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of neonatal mortality and adverse reactions,such as bronchial dysplasia,cyanosis,and shortness of breath.After treatment,the levels of PaO_(2)and PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)in both groups were significantly higher than before treatment,while the level of PaCO_(2)was significantly lower.After treatment,the observation group had significantly higher levels of PaO_(2)and PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)than the control group,while PaCO_(2)was notably lower in the observation group.After treatment,the KRT-14 and ET-1 levels in both groups were significantly decreased compared with the pre-treatment levels.The observation group had a reduction of KRT-14 and ET-1 levels than the control group.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of KRT-14 was 0.791,and the AUC of ET-1 was 0.816.CONCLUSION Combining PS with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation significantly improved the effectiveness of NRDS therapy.KRT-14 and ET-1 levels may have potential as therapeutic and diagnostic indicators.

SDS烟气脱硫技术的研究与应用

介绍了一种SDS小苏打烟气脱硫技术,详细说明了工艺流程、工作原理、主要工艺装备等内容。SDS法具有脱硫效率高、能耗较低、无污水处理系统等优点,满足了环保要求。

钠基SDS干法脱硫技术在干熄焦放散气的应用

分析干熄焦废气组成成分、性质以及干熄焦放散气流量和温度的变化特性,介绍了钠基SDS干法脱硫技术能够较好地脱除干熄焦放散气中的SO_(2),实现SO_(2)排放浓度小于20 mg/m^(3)的目标。同时介绍了干熄焦放散气脱硫系统的节能运行方案,该方案可有效降低煤气消耗,减少运行成本。

SDS表面活性剂水溶液对气泡泵提升性能的影响

气泡泵是一种热驱动的动力装置,主要依靠气泡的浮升力提升液体,其提升液体的能力是判断气泡泵性能的一项重要指标。采用十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)阴离子表面活性剂作为工质加入气泡泵,加热功率分别为150 W、250 W、350 W、450 W和550 W,SDS水溶液浓度分别为10 mg/L、90 mg/L和170 mg/L,探究不同工况下沿程加热气泡泵的提升性能并与以去离子水作为工质的气泡泵提升性能进行对比。结果表明:各加热功率下气泡泵内气体流量与SDS水溶液浓度无关,液体流量与泵送比在加热功率较小时随SDS水溶液浓度的增加而增加,在加热功率较大时随SDS水溶液浓度的增加先增大后减小。SDS水溶液浓度的增加会导致气泡泵泵送的瞬时流量波动加大,管内压力的波动增大,气泡泵的泵送稳定性随SDS水溶液浓度的增加而降低。

康复护理对老年支气管哮喘患者的效果及SAS、SDS评分的影响

目的:研究对老年支气管哮喘患者实施康复护理的临床效果,以及该护理实施后对患者抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分的影响,以期指导后续的临床工作。方法:将医院70例老年患者进行编号(均确诊支气管哮喘),1~70号,选取时间为2022年1月至2024年1月。其中,1~35号患者为对照组,给予常规护理;剩余编号患者纳入研究组,实施康复护理。结果:研究组住院时间短于对照组,哮喘发作频率、哮喘发作次数均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组各肺功能指标均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组SAS评分、SDS评分明显低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:康复护理可以满足患者多样化的护理需求,对患者的情绪状况以及肺功能改善具有积极意义,可加快疾病恢复速度,缩短住院时间,值得加以推广。

助产护理联合人文关怀对高龄初产妇SAS、SDS评分影响

研究助产护理联合人文关怀对高龄初产妇情绪价值的改善效果。方法 选取我院2022年7月-2024年3月分娩的94例高龄初产妇,随机均分为两组。对照组常规护理,观察组助产护理联合人文关怀。比较两组护理结果。结果 观察组产程时间短于对照组,SAS、SDS评分与疼痛更低,生活质量更高,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论 助产护理联合人文关怀对高龄初产妇不良情绪改善明显。

VOC removal from contaminated groundwater through membrane pervaporation. (Ⅱ): 1,1,1-trichloroethane-SDS surfactant solution system

The conventional “pump-and-treat' technology for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds(VOCs) such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane(TCA), a common chlorinated organic solvent, has limitation of prohibitively long treatment time due to extremely low water solubility of the VOCs. Surfactant-based soil remediation has emerged as the effective technology that substantially reduces the treatment time. In order to make the whole process economical, the surfactant used in soil washing has to be recovered and reused. This study examined the recovery of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), from soil remediation fluids containing TCA, using a bench-scale membrane pervaporation unit. The effects of high TCA concentration, surfactant dosage, and flow rate on permeation flux and selectivity(α value) of the process were evaluated. In general, higher surfactant concentration yielded lower TCA flux and constant water flux, resulting in declining α values; higher flow rate of TCA feed stream results in higher VOC flux and selectivity, an indication of the effect of concentration polarization; higher TCA feed concentration produces higher TCA permeation across the membrane, however, the selectivity was virtually unchanged unless the total TCA concentration exceeded 2000 ppm.

Influence factors of methane hydrate formation from ice:Temperature,pressure and SDS surfactant

A series of experiments of forming hydrate from ice powders in different conditions have been carried out with constant volume method to evaluate the influence factors such as pressure, temperature, and SDS surfactant. The change of temperature and pressure were collected as a function of elapsed time, which were used to calculate the gas consumption and hydrate saturation during hydrate formation(pVT method). Based on the experimental results and the analysis, it is concluded that:(1) Both initial pressure and temperature have effect on the hydrate formation and temperature plays a more important role in the process;(2) heating and secondary pressurization will promote the gas hydrate formation and enhance the hydrate saturation as a result. Meanwhile, the promotion of heating seems to be more obvious than that of secondary pressurization;(3) different concentrations of SDS surfactant have clearly influence on the saturation of gas hydrate and there is an optimal concentration to promote the hydrate formation.

Interaction of DNA with Cationic Gemini Surfactant Trimethylene-1, 3-bis （dodecyldimethyl-ammonium bromide） and Anionic Surfactant SDS Mixed System

有 cationic 双子座表面活化剂 trimethylene-1,3-bis (dodecyl dimethyl 铵溴化物)(12-3-12 ) 和 anionic 表面活化剂钠 dodecyl 硫酸盐(SDS ) 的 DNA 的相互作用混合了系统被测量荧光，希腊语的第六个字母潜力，紫外力的光谱，和圆形的二色性调查了。当 SDS 不在时，由于静电、恐水病的相互作用， 12-3-12 大批在 micellization 前在 DNA 链上形成象 micelle 一样结构阶段。为 12-3-12 和 SDS 的混合系统， SDS 上的否定费用能对 DNA 竞争因为在相对地控告的表面活化剂之间的更强壮的相互作用，与 cationic 绑 12-3-12，并且这样， catanionic 混合微粒在 DNA/12-3-12 建筑群的形成前被形成。此后，混合微粒上的正电荷与 DNA 绑，并且这样，希腊语的第六个字母潜力从的变化对否定积极没有 SDS，与系统显然不同。同时， SDS 的存在从 DNA/EB 建筑群推迟 ethidium 溴化物(EB ) 的排除。DNA 的符合构造与 12-3-12 过程作为有约束力从本国的 B 形式经历一个变化到 chiral 阶段。在把 SDS 加到 DNA/12-3-12 复杂答案之上，然而， DNA 被释放到体积，阶段再回到 B 形式。

Effects of Surfactants SDS and CTAB on Ni-SiC Deposition

The influences of surfactant type and concentration on the content and uniformity of SiC particles in Ni-SiC deposit were studied in this paper. The electrochemical behavior of preparing Ni-SiC composite coating was investigated using the cyclic voltammetry method. Then the impact of surfactants on the deposition potential of Ni-SiC coating was analyzed. Electrochemical studies showed that the cathode overvoltage increases gradually with increasing SDS（Sodium dodecyl sulfate） concentration. The CV curve showed the shift towards a lower current at a given potential with increasing SDS concentration. Ni-SiC composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition. The experimental results show that the dispersion of 40 nm SiC in Ni-SiC coating obtained in the electrolyte containing SDS is superior that containing CTAB（cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide）. CTAB increases the content of 40 nm SiC particles in the Ni-SiC coating, but the uniformity of 40 nm SiC particles in Ni-SiC composite coating is poor. SiC particles are still agglomerated. Compared with the anionic surfactant SDS and the cationic surfactant CTAB, surfactant SDS makes the particles better dispersed. But the contribution of surfactant SDS for co-deposition amount of SiC particles is negligible. The cationic surfactant CTAB can effectively improve the suspension performance of SiC particles and promote the co-deposition of SiC particles and metallic nickel. But there is still some reunion of SiC.