This paper reports the loss of several major nutrients in the sweat from humanbody during working in hot environment,so as to put forward a rational scheme for sup-plying beverages and foods with appropriate nutrients...This paper reports the loss of several major nutrients in the sweat from humanbody during working in hot environment,so as to put forward a rational scheme for sup-plying beverages and foods with appropriate nutrients.Thirteen young male subjectsdressed in gas protection equipment of the whole body were ordered to march in a hotclimatic chamber（DB 34.2℃）at a speed of 5.4 km/h until they subjectively failed to bearfurther but to hold on still for 200 m.The results showed that their maximum tolerancetime was only 58.2±2.9 min,the mean body temperature（MBT）was 37.8±0.1 ℃,heartrate（HR）151.3±8.0 beat/min.Nevertheless,the amount of sweat was only 780.5±75.2 g.Thelevels of K,Na,Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu and Zn in the whole body-sweat of our series were12.3±1.8,113.0±7.0,0.8±0.13,0.9±0.20,0.027±0.004,0.005±0.001 and 0.035±0.002mmol/L,respectively.The concentrations of K and Zn in serum were decreased,and thelevel of Zn was also lower than the normal.The total amount of amino acids in thesweat was 10855±679 μmol/L,of which the amount of essential amino acids was 21.2%.The concentration of lysine was the highest（1038.5±90.7μmol/L）,and that of methioninethe lowest（49.8±4.0μmol/L）in the essential amino acids.In the non-essential aminoacids,the concentrations of serine and glycine were the highest,being 2774.3±179.0 and1572.1±83.9 μmol/L,respectively,and that of cystine the lowest,being 4.8±0.9μmol/L.The amount of vitamins B<sub>1</sub>,B<sub>2</sub> and C in the sweat were only 452±220,312±174 and3330±1200 μg/L,respectively.展开更多
Disposable medical protective clothing for 2019-nCoV mainly consists of stacked layers with nanopore films,polymer coated nonwoven fabrics and melt-blown nonwoven fabrics against anti-microbial and anti-liquid penetra...Disposable medical protective clothing for 2019-nCoV mainly consists of stacked layers with nanopore films,polymer coated nonwoven fabrics and melt-blown nonwoven fabrics against anti-microbial and anti-liquid penetration.However,such structures lack moisture permeability and breathability leading to an uncomfortable,stuffy wearing experience.Here,we propose a novel medical protective clothing material with a superabsorbent layer to enhance moisture absorption.Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fibers(PAAAM/PVA fibers)were prepared via wet spinning.And the superabsorbent composite layer was stacked from PAAAM/PVA fibers,bamboo pulp fibers(BPF)and ethylene-propyl-ene side by side fibers(ESF).The novel disposable medical protective composite fabric was obtained through gluing the superabsorbent layer to the inner surface of strong antistatic polypropylene nonwoven fabric.The resultant composite fabric possesses excellent absorption and retention capacity for sweat,up to 12.3 g/g and 63.8%,and a maximum hygroscopic rate of 1.04 g/h,higher than that of the conventional material(only 0.53 g/h).The moisture permeability of the novel material reached 12,638.5 g/(m^(2) d),which was 307.6%of the conventional material.The novel material can effectively reduce the humidity inside the protective clothing and significantly improve the comfort of medical staff.展开更多
文摘This paper reports the loss of several major nutrients in the sweat from humanbody during working in hot environment,so as to put forward a rational scheme for sup-plying beverages and foods with appropriate nutrients.Thirteen young male subjectsdressed in gas protection equipment of the whole body were ordered to march in a hotclimatic chamber（DB 34.2℃）at a speed of 5.4 km/h until they subjectively failed to bearfurther but to hold on still for 200 m.The results showed that their maximum tolerancetime was only 58.2±2.9 min,the mean body temperature（MBT）was 37.8±0.1 ℃,heartrate（HR）151.3±8.0 beat/min.Nevertheless,the amount of sweat was only 780.5±75.2 g.Thelevels of K,Na,Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu and Zn in the whole body-sweat of our series were12.3±1.8,113.0±7.0,0.8±0.13,0.9±0.20,0.027±0.004,0.005±0.001 and 0.035±0.002mmol/L,respectively.The concentrations of K and Zn in serum were decreased,and thelevel of Zn was also lower than the normal.The total amount of amino acids in thesweat was 10855±679 μmol/L,of which the amount of essential amino acids was 21.2%.The concentration of lysine was the highest（1038.5±90.7μmol/L）,and that of methioninethe lowest（49.8±4.0μmol/L）in the essential amino acids.In the non-essential aminoacids,the concentrations of serine and glycine were the highest,being 2774.3±179.0 and1572.1±83.9 μmol/L,respectively,and that of cystine the lowest,being 4.8±0.9μmol/L.The amount of vitamins B<sub>1</sub>,B<sub>2</sub> and C in the sweat were only 452±220,312±174 and3330±1200 μg/L,respectively.
基金This work was supported by the Science and technology guidance project plan of China National Textile And Apparel Council(2017006)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2018QEM004)+2 种基金Research and Development Program of Shandong Province of China(Grant Nos.2019GGXI02022,2019JZZY010340,and 2019JZZY010335)Anhui Province Special Science and Technology Project(201903a05020028)Shandong provincial universities youth innovation technology plan innovation team(2020KJA013).
文摘Disposable medical protective clothing for 2019-nCoV mainly consists of stacked layers with nanopore films,polymer coated nonwoven fabrics and melt-blown nonwoven fabrics against anti-microbial and anti-liquid penetration.However,such structures lack moisture permeability and breathability leading to an uncomfortable,stuffy wearing experience.Here,we propose a novel medical protective clothing material with a superabsorbent layer to enhance moisture absorption.Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fibers(PAAAM/PVA fibers)were prepared via wet spinning.And the superabsorbent composite layer was stacked from PAAAM/PVA fibers,bamboo pulp fibers(BPF)and ethylene-propyl-ene side by side fibers(ESF).The novel disposable medical protective composite fabric was obtained through gluing the superabsorbent layer to the inner surface of strong antistatic polypropylene nonwoven fabric.The resultant composite fabric possesses excellent absorption and retention capacity for sweat,up to 12.3 g/g and 63.8%,and a maximum hygroscopic rate of 1.04 g/h,higher than that of the conventional material(only 0.53 g/h).The moisture permeability of the novel material reached 12,638.5 g/(m^(2) d),which was 307.6%of the conventional material.The novel material can effectively reduce the humidity inside the protective clothing and significantly improve the comfort of medical staff.
