Using a molecular theory, we investigate the temperature-dependent self-assembly of single-stranded DNA（ss DNA）tethered to a charged nanoparticle surface. Here the size, conformations, and charge properties of ss DN...Using a molecular theory, we investigate the temperature-dependent self-assembly of single-stranded DNA（ss DNA）tethered to a charged nanoparticle surface. Here the size, conformations, and charge properties of ss DNA are taken into account. The main results are as follows： i） when the temperature is lower than the critical switching temperature, the ss DNA will collapse due to the existence of electrostatic interaction between ss DNA and charged nanoparticle surface; ii）for the short ss DNA chains with the number of bases less than 10, the switching of ss DNA cannot happen, and the critical temperature does not exist; iii） when the temperature increases, the electrostatic attractive interaction between ss DNA and charged nanoparticle surface becomes weak dramatically, and ss DNA chains will stretch if the electrostatic attractive interaction is insufficient to overcome the elastic energy of ss DNA and the electrostatic repulsion energy. These findings accord well with the experimental observations. It is predicted that the switching of ss DNA will not happen if the grafting densities are too high.展开更多
In this article, the notion of pinning control for directed networks of dynamical systems is introduced, where the nodes could be either single-input single-output （SISO） or multi-input multi-output （MIMO） dynamic...In this article, the notion of pinning control for directed networks of dynamical systems is introduced, where the nodes could be either single-input single-output （SISO） or multi-input multi-output （MIMO） dynamical systems, and could be non-identical and nonlinear in general but will be specified to be identical linear time-invariant （LTI） systems here in the study of network controllability. Both state and structural controllability problems will be discussed, illustrating how the network topology, node-system dynamics, external control inputs and inner dynamical interactions altogether affect the controllability of a general complex network of LTI systems, with necessary and sufficient conditions presented for both SISO and MIMO settings. To that end, the controllability of a special temporally switching directed network of linear time-varying （LTV） node systems will be addressed, leaving some more general networks and challenging issues to the end for research outlook.展开更多
This paper proposes the use of the current signal to express logic values and establishes the theory of grounded current switches suitable for I2L circuits.Based on the advantage that current signals are easy to be ad...This paper proposes the use of the current signal to express logic values and establishes the theory of grounded current switches suitable for I2L circuits.Based on the advantage that current signals are easy to be added, the design technique of I2L circuits by means of the multi-valued current signal is proposed.It is shown that simpler structure of I2L circuits can be obtained with this technique.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Joint Funds of Xinjiang Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.2015211C298)
文摘Using a molecular theory, we investigate the temperature-dependent self-assembly of single-stranded DNA（ss DNA）tethered to a charged nanoparticle surface. Here the size, conformations, and charge properties of ss DNA are taken into account. The main results are as follows： i） when the temperature is lower than the critical switching temperature, the ss DNA will collapse due to the existence of electrostatic interaction between ss DNA and charged nanoparticle surface; ii）for the short ss DNA chains with the number of bases less than 10, the switching of ss DNA cannot happen, and the critical temperature does not exist; iii） when the temperature increases, the electrostatic attractive interaction between ss DNA and charged nanoparticle surface becomes weak dramatically, and ss DNA chains will stretch if the electrostatic attractive interaction is insufficient to overcome the elastic energy of ss DNA and the electrostatic repulsion energy. These findings accord well with the experimental observations. It is predicted that the switching of ss DNA will not happen if the grafting densities are too high.
文摘In this article, the notion of pinning control for directed networks of dynamical systems is introduced, where the nodes could be either single-input single-output （SISO） or multi-input multi-output （MIMO） dynamical systems, and could be non-identical and nonlinear in general but will be specified to be identical linear time-invariant （LTI） systems here in the study of network controllability. Both state and structural controllability problems will be discussed, illustrating how the network topology, node-system dynamics, external control inputs and inner dynamical interactions altogether affect the controllability of a general complex network of LTI systems, with necessary and sufficient conditions presented for both SISO and MIMO settings. To that end, the controllability of a special temporally switching directed network of linear time-varying （LTV） node systems will be addressed, leaving some more general networks and challenging issues to the end for research outlook.
文摘This paper proposes the use of the current signal to express logic values and establishes the theory of grounded current switches suitable for I2L circuits.Based on the advantage that current signals are easy to be added, the design technique of I2L circuits by means of the multi-valued current signal is proposed.It is shown that simpler structure of I2L circuits can be obtained with this technique.
