Network analysis of suicide ideation and depression-anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents

Background The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents is typically associated with suicide ideation.Aims The study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and the comorbidity of depression and anxiety.Methods 1501 adolescents aged 12-19 years were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,and 716 adolescents who scored≥5 on both scales were selected as participants.Network analysis was used to identify the network structure of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.Participants were categorised into either the suicide ideation or non-suicide ideation groups based on their scoring on the suicide-related item in PHQ-9.A comparison was made between the depression-anxiety symptom networks of the two groups.Results‘Restlessness’,‘sad mood’and‘trouble relaxing’were the most prominent central symptoms in the depression-anxiety symptom network,and‘restlessness’,‘nervousness’and‘reduced movement’were the bridge symptoms in this network.‘Sad mood’was found to be directly related to‘suicide ideation’with the highest variance.The network structure was significantly different in properties between the suicide ideation group and the non-suicide ideation group,with‘restlessness’and‘sad mood’exhibiting significantly higher influence in the network of the suicide ideation group than that in the non-suicide ideation group.Conclusion Restlessness and sad mood could be targeted for the intervention of depression-anxiety symptoms among adolescents with suicide ideation.

Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.Aims This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China.Methods We conducted a literature search in major Chinese and English databases from their inception to 4 October 2023,for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PGD or its symptoms in bereaved Chinese individuals.The risk of bias of the included studies and certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data(‘JBI checklist’)and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations(GRADE),respectively.The‘metaprop’package in R V.4.1.2 was used to synthesise the prevalence.Results A total of 28 studies involving 10994 bereaved individuals were included in the analysis,with JBI checklist scores between 3 and 7.The combined prevalence(95%confidence interval)of PGD and its symptoms was 8.9%(4.2%to 17.6%)and 32.4%(18.2%to 50.8%),respectively.PGD and its symptoms were most prevalent among those who had lost their only child(22.7%)and those bereaved by earthquakes(80.4%),respectively.The GRADE system assigned a very low certainty level to the evidence for the pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms.Conclusions The pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms indicate a potential high need for grief counselling services among bereaved individuals in China.This need is particularly pronounced in those who have lost their only child and those bereaved due to earthquakes.Further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to provide more accurate prevalence estimates.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023432553.

Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Plasma Cortisol in Patients with Breast Cancer PTSD

Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on plasma cortisol in patients with breast cancer PTSD before surgery. Methods: SCL-90, EPQ-N and cognitive behavior intervention were performed on 30 patients with PTSD, 30 patients without PTSD and 30 normal subjects, and their fasting blood was collected to analyze cortisol in the morning. Results: The scores of SCL-90 and EPQ-N in patients with breast cancer PTSD were significantly higher than those in non-PTSD patients and normal subjects (P < 0.01). After cognitive behavioral intervention, the plasma cortisol level of breast cancer PTSD patients was significantly decreased (P Conclusion: Compared with non-PTSD breast cancer patients and normal control group, breast cancer PTSD patients had more serious psychological problems, worse emotional stability and higher plasma cortisol level. Cognitive-behavioral intervention can effectively reduce plasma cortisol levels in breast cancer patients with PTSD.

Influence of transcatheter arterial embolization on symptom distress and fatigue in liver cancer patients

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a prevalent malignancy,and transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE)has emerged as a pivotal therapeutic modality.How-ever,TAE may induce symptom distress and fatigue,adversely affecting the quality of life of patients.AIM To investigate symptom distress,fatigue,and associated factors in HCC patients undergoing TAE.METHODS We used a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling to enroll HCC patients who underwent TAE at our institution from January to December 2022.Question-naires were utilized to collect data on symptom distress and fatigue scores from the first to the third day after TAE.RESULTS Our study revealed a significant reduction in fatigue and symptom distress among patients after TAE.Pain,fatigue,insomnia,fever and abdominal dis-tension were the most common symptoms troubling patients during the first 3 d post-TAE.Marital status,presence of family support,physical functional status,age,and symptom distress were identified as predictors of fatigue in patients.CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals should educate HCC patients on symptom distress and INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally.Surgical intervention remains the cornerstone of HCC treatment;however,due to the challenges associated with early diagnosis and the lack of specific diagnostic markers,a considerable proportion of patients are diagnosed at advanced stages,rendering them ineligible for surgical interventions.Transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE)is an interventional therapeutic approach involving the insertion of a fine catheter via the femoral artery to reach the vasculature near the tumor site.TAE aims to obstruct the arterial supply to the tumor by deploying embolic agents,thereby inducing necrosis in cancer cells.This procedure is suitable for patients with good liver function and overall health,particularly those with large HCCs that have not invaded the portal vein[1,2].Nonetheless,following TAE,hepatocytes incur variable degrees of damage,leading to the development of a constel-lation of symptoms reminiscent of acute hepatitis.These symptoms include fatigue and systemic discomfort,such as nausea,vomiting,fever,abdominal pain,as well as transient elevations in aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),collectively referred to as postembolization syndrome[3,4].These symptoms may arise due to ischemia of the liver and gallbladder,temporary liver enlargement,and peritoneal irritation.While many studies have explored fatigue and symptom distress in cancer patients both nationally and internationally,with some focusing on symptom distress following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,there has been limited in-depth investigation into the fatigue and symptom distress resulting from TAE treatment[5-8].Fatigue and pain are both subjective experiences,typically arising from the gradual depletion of energy reserves during the course of illness[9].Fatigue is particularly prevalent among cancer patients,with rates soaring as high as 90%.Despite extensive research exploring cancer-related fatigue and its influencing factors,a unanimous consensus remains elusive.Hence,the primary objective of this study was to investigate the symptom distress and fatigue experienced by liver cancer patients following TAE treatment and to analyze potential contributing factors.

Association of serum interleukin-6 with negative symptoms in stable early-onset schizophrenia

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6)contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.However,there was no study concerning the relationship between IL-6 concentrations and clinical features in the chronic phase of early-onset schizophrenia(EOS).AIM To investigate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the clinical features of EOS.METHODS We measured serum IL-6 Levels from 74 patients with chronic schizophrenia,including 33 with age at onset<21 years(EOS group)and 41 with onset≥21 years in[adult-onset schizophrenia(AOS)group],and from 41 healthy controls.Symptom severities were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).RESULTS Serum IL-6 concentrations were higher in both EOS and AOS groups than healthy controls(F=22.32,P<0.01),but did not differ significantly between EOS and AOS groups(P>0.05)after controlling for age,body mass index,and other covariates.Negative symptom scores were higher in the EOS group than the AOS group(F=6.199,P=0.015).Serum IL-6 concentrations in the EOS group were negatively correlated with both total PANSS-negative symptom score(r=-0.389,P=0.032)and avolition/asociality subscore(r=-0.387,P=0.026).CONCLUSION Patients with EOS may have more severe negative symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia during the chronic phase of the illness.IL-6 signaling may regulate negative symptoms and its avolition/asociality subsymptoms among the early-onset chronic schizophrenic patients.

Relationship between physical activity and specific working memory indicators of depressive symptoms in university students

BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.

Sleep Quality and Emotional Adaptation among Freshmen in Elite Chinese Universities during Prolonged COVID-19 Lockdown:The Mediating Role of Anxiety Symptoms

Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotional adaptation.To explore this connection,this study gathered data from a sample of 256 freshmen enrolled in an elite university in China in September 2022.The association between sleep quality,anxiety symptoms,and emotional adaptation was clarified using correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating function of anxiety symptoms between sleep quality and emotional adaptation was investigated using a structural equation model.The results reveal that:(1)Chinese elite university freshmen who were subjected to prolonged lockdown had poor sleep quality and mild anxiety symptoms;(2)a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms was identified;(3)anxiety symptoms were found to have a significant negative impact on emotional adaptation;(4)poor sleep quality had a negative impact on emotional adaptation through anxiety symptoms.This research makes a valuable contribution by offering insights into the intricate relationship between sleep quality and emotional adaptation among freshmen in elite Chinese universities during prolonged lockdown conditions,and it is beneficial for schools and educators to further improve school schedules and psychological health initiatives.

Diagnostic values of questionnaires of Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey and College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life in the screening of convergence insufficiency

AIM:To compare and analyse the diagnostic efficacy of the College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life Questionnaire(COVD-QOL)and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey(CISS)in detecting convergence insufficiency and to compare their diagnostic value in clinical applications.METHODS:Using the diagnostic test method,62 adult patients with convergence insufficiency(age:24.74±3.75y)and 62 normal participants(age:23.61±3.13y)who visited the Optometry Clinic of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2021 to January 2023 were included.All subjects completed the CISS and COVD-QOL.Statistical analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the CISS and COVD-QOL and comparison and joint experimental analysis of their diagnostic efficacy were performed.RESULTS:The sensitivity of the CISS and COVD-QOL for convergence insufficiency was 64.5%and 71.0%,respectively,while the specificity was 96.8%and 67.7%,respectively.Compared to the CISS alone,the combination of the CISS and COVD-QOL demonstrated lower sensitivity and specificity.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CISS,COVD-QOL and CISS combined with COVD-QOL were 0.806,0.694 and 0.782,respectively.CONCLUSION:Considering the low sensitivity of the CISS and the low specificity of the COVD-QOL,it is recommended to supplement these questionnaires with other screening tests for the detection of convergence insufficiency.

Symptom Experience and Quality of Life in Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy-A Secondary Publication

Objective:To evaluate symptom experience and quality of life(QoL)and to identify the predictors of QoL among colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 107 colorectal cancer patients at a university-affiliated hospital between June 1 and July 30,2021.Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal(FACT-C)and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form(MSAS-SF)were used to assess symptom experience and QoL of these patients.Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation,t-test,ANOVA,and hierarchical multiple regression.Results:The mean QoL score for colorectal cancer patients was 88.78±20.08.The most frequently experienced physical and psychological symptoms were numbness/tingling and worrying.Physical and psychological symptoms have a significant negative association with QoL.Perceived economic status was significantly associated with QoL in patients’general characteristics.The regression analyses showed that high psychological symptoms(β=-0.63,P<0.001),middle perceived economic status(β=-0.22,P=0.009),and low perceived economic status(β=-0.36,P<0.001)were statistically significant in predicting patients’low QoL.Conclusion:Symptom experience and QoL are essential variables that should be acknowledged when delivering health care to colorectal cancer patients.More attention to the reduction and comprehensive symptom management of psychological distress could improve QoL among colorectal cancer patients.

Observation on the Nursing Effect of Ginger Moxibustion on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Heart Failure Due to Yang Qi Deficiency

Objective:To evaluate the nursing measures and effects of ginger moxibustion in the treatment of heart failure(yang qi deficiency type)with gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods:86 patients with heart failure(yang qi deficiency type)accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms who were admitted to the hospital between January 2023 and January 2024 were selected and divided into 43 cases in each group by random number table grouping;Group I implemented integrated care,while Group II adopted conventional care.The indicators of care were compared between the two groups.Results:After the nursing care,the digestive symptom scores of Group I were lower than those of Group I,and the psychological scores were lower than those of Group II(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ginger moxibustion can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and enhance the psychological health of patients with heart failure(yang qi deficiency type)with gastrointestinal symptoms.

Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among Healthcare Workers Following COVID-19 Pandemic in Jazan Region, KSA

Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization in 2020. Many pieces of research have been published on the virus’s pattern and transmission routes, and a few studies have been published on its psychological repercussions for the general public and health care workers in particular. We aimed in this study to figure out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of health care workers in the Jazan region and compare it to non-health care workers. Results: There were 221 participants in this study conducted in the Jazan region KSA, during the first part of 2022. 117 participants were non-HCWs (Health Care Workers) and 104 participants were HCWs. 31.7% of HCWs had high score of PTSD symptoms which may suppress their immunity, PTSD was a clinical concern in 12.5%, 6.7% had probable PTSD, and 49% had no PTSD. The average PTSD score in HCWs was 26.14. In contrast, the great majority of non-HCWs (69.2%) had no PTSD;PTSD was a clinical concern in 16.2%, 11.1% had a score indicating PTSD had the potential for immunosuppression, and 3.4% had probable PTSD. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not affect just those who were infected with the virus, nor was it restricted to the mental health of those afflicted;rather, the influence expanded until it reached the general public and, in particular, those who had contact with patients, such as health care workers. As a result, mental health investigation, follow-up, and therapy are required to preserve the mental health of health care workers as well as the general population.

Does local vaginal estrogen after tension-free transobturator vaginal tape reduce overactive bladder symptoms in postmenopausal women? A prospective randomized, controlled study

Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled study performed in the Urology and Gynecology Departments,Kasr Al Ainy Hospital,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt.Two hundred and ten postmenopausal females presenting during the period between January 2017 and November 2020 with stress urinary incontinence were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups,105 patients in Group A(treatment group)and 105 patients in Group B(control group).Patients in Group A underwent transvaginal TVT-O followed by local vaginal estrogen treatment for 6 months,while patients in Group B underwent transvaginal TVT-O only.The study included any postmenopausal female with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence.All patients had to fulfill a 3-day bladder diary,overactive bladder symptoms score,urine analysis,urodynamic study,and post-voiding residual urine measurement by abdominal ultrasound preoperatively and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.Results:At 6-month follow-up,daytime frequency was reduced to 8%in Group A(increased to 21%in Group B)with a statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.009).At 6-month follow-up,nocturia was 8%in Group A(11%in Group B)with no statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.469).There was a statistically significant difference between both groups as regards to urinary urgency at 6-month follow-up(p=0.024).There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative wound healing events as regards to cure,hyperemia,gapping,and wound infection 1 week after intervention between both groups(p=0.008).No local or systemic side-effects were reported from local estrogen use.Conclusion:Local vaginal estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal patients after midurethral sling procedures can reduce the symptoms of daytime frequency and urinary urgency.Long-term follow-up is needed.

The Use of Art Therapy in Alleviating Mental Health Symptoms in Refugees: A Literature Review

There are over thirty million refugees globally with severe experiences of trauma.Art therapy intervention allows for nonverbal expression and could alleviate mental health symptomatology among refugees.The present review’s aim was to integrate and summarize the previous research which examined the effects of visual arts on alleviating psychological conditions of refugees.However,due to the paucity of studies which solely used visual arts,we included studies that used visual arts alongside other modalities as part of an expressive arts therapy intervention.The present review synthesizes studies that examined the effect of art therapy on mental health issues of refugees from January 2000 to March 2021.Seven studies(child and adolescent sample,N=5 and adult sample,N=2)with a total of 298 refugee participants(n=298)met our inclusion criteria.The participants were from the Middle East and North Africa(MENA),Southeast Asia,and Europe.We found three commonly reported mental health disorders,namely Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD),anxiety,and Major Depression Disorder.The research highlights how art therapy interventions could be a great starting point to alleviate symptomatology among refu-gees.Four additional benefits of art therapy which were commonly reported across the seven studies emerged from this review:working with traumatic experience/loss,rebuilding social connection and trust,nonverbal com-munication and self-expression of loss and trauma,and retelling stories.Art therapy interventions could be used as a starting point in the healing process of traumatized refugees to encourage verbal articulation of their feelings and reduce mental health symptoms.Despite these promisingfindings,due to a dearth of robust methodologies,further research is required to assess the long-term effectiveness of art therapy.

A national survey of lower urinary tract symptoms in Jordan

Objective To determine the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)and their severity population in Jordan.Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted using a paper-based survey between August and September in 2019.The study was carried out in the health care centers or hospitals in three different regions of Jordan:North(Irbid and Jarash),Middle(Amman,Madaba,Salt,and Zarqa),and South(Karak and Aqaba).Results To estimate the prevalence of LUTS,two definitions were used,including the first definition(presence of any LUTS regardless of the degree of severity)and the second definition(presence of any LUTS that occurs half the time or more).According to the first definition,1038(89.9%)reported LUTS(male:47.3%,female:52.7%),while 763(66.1%)reported LUTS according to the second definition(male:45.6%,female:54.4%).According to the International Prostate Symptom Score characterization,73.9%had nocturia and 62.9%reported daytime increased frequency.Conclusion LUTS are highly prevalent among the Jordanian population,and more than half of them have nocturia or daytime increased frequency as most frequently reported symptoms.

Gender differences of lower urinary tract symptoms in older Chinese Americans

Objective To describe whether or not there are gender differences in lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)prevalence and risk factors in community-dwelling older Chinese Americans.Methods We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cross-sectional population-based survey of Chinese Americans aged 60 years and older between January 2011 and December 2013 in English,Mandarin,Cantonese,Taishanese,or Teochew.A clinical review of systems was used to assess LUTS,which included urinary frequency,urgency,burning and/or pain,blood in urine,and urinary incontinence.Results Of the total 3157 people queried,42%were men and 58%were women.More men reported LUTS compared to women(32.9%vs.28.6%,p=0.01).In a multivariable analysis,female gender(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]0.60,95%confidence interval[CI]0.49-0.73),being married(aOR 0.79,95%CI 0.65-0.97),and smoking(aOR 0.66,95%CI 0.49-0.88)were found to be protective,while traditional Chinese medicine use(aOR 1.51,95%CI 1.28-1.78),heart disease(aOR 1.54,95%CI 1.24-1.91),and anxiety(aOR 1.69,95%CI 1.25-2.28)were most strongly associated with increased odds of LUTS.When examining genders separately,being married was found to be protective only in women.Meanwhile,unique factors found in men were hypertension,heart disease,and practice of Tai Chi.Conclusion In this large population-based study,LUTS were more prevalent in older Chinese American men than women.We also found gender-specific factors that influenced the odds of reporting LUTS;however,traditional Chinese medicine use was the only factor that was shared by both genders.Future longitudinal investigations are needed to elucidate these underlying mechanisms to provide evidence-based and culture-specific guidelines for this rapidly growing population.

Global trends and knowledge-relationship of symptom clusters in cancer research:a bibliometric analysis over the past 20 years

Objective:To use Cite Space and VOSviewer to investigate the scientific production in the field of symptom clusters in cancer research.Methods:The search was performed using the terms“symptom clusters,”“cancer,”and“oncology”on the Web of Science Core Collection database.The retrieval time was from 2001 to 2021,which covers the last 2 decades.Based on the production theory of scientific knowledge and the data mining of citations,data pertaining to the annual publications,journals,countries,organizations,authors,and keywords that produce symptom clusters in cancer research,as well as their cooperation(collaboration network),were extracted,and then both were clarified by the software tools VOSviewer(version 1.6.16)and Cite Space(version 6.1.R2).Results:A total of 1796 publications were retrieved between 2001 and 2021,and 473 relevant publications were included after screening.The results showed an increasing trend in published articles.The United States had the largest number of publications(261/473,55.18%),followed by China and Canada.The University of California,San Francisco,was the most productive institution.Current research hotspots included the analysis of symptom clusters and symptom management in patients with breast cancer and lung cancer,as well as any advanced cancer and cancer cachexia;fatigue-related symptom clusters and depression-anxiety symptom cluster;and the impacts of symptom clusters on quality of life.The research frontiers included analysis between health-related quality of life and symptom clusters,data mining in symptom clusters,research on the mental health status of cancer patients,and study of the mechanism and biological pathways of symptom clusters.Conclusions:The study provides insight into the global research perspective for the scientific progress on cancer symptom clusters,which suggests a growing scientific interest in this field,and more studies are warranted to guide symptom management.

Trifecta Outcomes of Screening Detected and Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms after Open Radical Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer

Background: Many studies have reported on trifecta outcomes after radical prostatectomy. There is however paucity of studies that compares the trifecta outcome between screen detected and patients presenting with lower urinary symptoms with localized prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. This study compares the trifecta outcomes between these two groups after an open retropubic radical prostatectomy. Methodology: This is a retrospective study, on the trifecta outcomes (urinary continence, erectile function, and cancer control) of consecutive patients that had open radical retropubic prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer by a single surgeon. Patients were grouped into screen detected and presentation with lower urinary symptoms or retention of urine. The parameters considered were the age of the patients, the total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) at presentation, the clinical T stage, the Gleason score of prostate biopsies, the risk categories using the D’Amico risk groups and the trifecta outcomes after the procedure. Results: In all, 119 patients met the criteria for inclusion. The median follow up was 63.5 months (range 12 - 156 months). Of these 40.3% of the patients were diagnosed through screening with elevated PSA while 59.7% had presented with symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction. The mean age for the patients was 60.8 ± 6.5 years, median PSA 12.6 ng/ml (IQR 8.6 - 19.7) and median prostate weight of 50.0 (IQR 40.0 - 60 g). The urinary continence rate after the procedure was 93.3%, erection rate of 81.5%, cancer control rate of 71.4% and trifecta achieved in 57.1%. Comparing the screening and the symptomatic cases, the urinary continence rate was 91.7% vrs 94.3%;erectile function rate was 79.2% vrs 83.1%;cancer control 68.8% vrs 73.2% and trifecta achieved in 58.3% vrs 56.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of urinary continence p = 0.564, erection function p = 0.588, cancer control p = 0.595, and achieving trifecta p = 0.829. Conclusion: Patients with localized prostate cancer presenting with lower urinary symptoms compared to screen detected patients have similar outcomes in terms of urinary Continence, erectile function, cancer control and trifecta after open radical retropubic prostatectomy.

Impact of an emergency department nursing intervention on continuity of care, self-care, and psychological symptoms

BACKGROUND The emergency department plays a crucial role in providing acute care to patients.Nursing interventions in this setting are essential for improving the continuity of care,enhancing patients’self-care abilities,and reducing psychological symp-toms.AIM To evaluate the effect of nursing interventions in the emergency department on these indicators in an emergency department.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 patients admitted to the emergency department between January 2022 and May 2023.The patients were divided into two groups:The control group(conventional nursing intervention)and the observation group(conventional nursing intervention+emergency department nursing intervention).The two groups were compared regarding continuity of care,self-care ability,psychological symptoms,and satisfaction with care.RESULTS The emergency department nursing interventions significantly improved the continuity of care,enhanced patients’self-care abilities,and reduced psycho-logical symptoms such as anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION Nursing interventions in the emergency department positively impact continuity of care,self-care,and psychological symptoms.However,it is important to acknowledge the limitations of this study,including the small number of studies,variable methodological quality,and the heterogeneity of the study population.Future research should address these limitations and further explore the effects of different types of nursing interventions in the emergency department.Additionally,efforts should be made to enhance the application and evaluation of these interventions in clinical practice.

General awareness of symptoms of myocardial infarction and the need for urgent treatment:A cross-sectional,street survey in Chennai,Tamil Nadu

Objective:To investigate the golden-time-awareness of and the necessary actions in response to acute myocardial infarction among the general public.Methods:This study was conducted with the use of a descriptive research design and convenience sampling.A sample of 800 subjects,using self-structured knowledge questionnaires,was selected for data collection and analysis.The study was conducted at Dr.M.G.R.Educational and Research Institute,India,from February to November 2022.Awareness of myocardial infarction symptoms and intervention timeline(the golden time)was investigated.A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the demographic factors affecting the recognition of the golden time of acute myocardial infarction.Results:A total of 800 subjects were included.Among the subjects,367(45.8%)were male,433(54.2%)were female,and 443(55.3%)participants failed to recognize the golden time.Our multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that people with a bachelor’s degree(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.23-0.74,P=0.03)and a high school level diploma(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.31-0.97,P=0.03)are more likely to know about myocardial infarction(golden time)than illiterate people.Additionally,people who are employed(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.41-0.85,P=0.05)are more likely to know about myocardial infarction(golden time)than those who are not.Conclusions:The majority of people in the awareness group realize that taking myocardial infarction patients to the hospital would be the best course of action.The unawareness of the ideal treatment window for myocardial infarction may cause a delay in seeking medical attention,which can lead to an increase in mortality and morbidity.

固肾通督调神法电针对PTSD大鼠行为学的调节作用

目的:本课题主要研究固肾通督调神法电针早期干预对PTSD雄性大鼠行为学影响。采用改进的单一延长结合足底电击刺激(SPS&S)制作PTSD雄性动物模型,通过旷场箱、Morris水迷宫、电击箱等行为学检测,观察评定大鼠的学习记忆能力、焦虑恐惧情绪、自发活动能力等行为学改变,探寻固肾通督调神法治疗PTSD大鼠行为学上的疗效,为针灸防治PTSD提供理论依据。方法:首先将雄性SD大鼠30只随机分成3组,每组10只,分别采用SPS和SPS&S方法,并运用旷场实验(OF)、高架十字迷宫检测(EPM)和条件恐惧反应实验(CS+)测试进行行为学评估。再将雄性SD大鼠共50只随机分为模型组、西药治疗组、电针治疗组、空白针刺组、空白对照组5组。除空白针刺组和空白对照组,其余动物均接受相同的SPS&S应激进行造模。造模后模型组、空白对照组进行与电针治疗组、空白针刺组相同的固定,但不给予针刺治疗。电针治疗组、空白针刺组进行14天的针刺治疗。14天后,分别进行OF、EPM、CS+和MWM等行为学测验。结果:5组大鼠在治疗后OF测试、EPM测试、MPM测试、闯入性记忆的检测中的评分电针治疗组与模型组均有显著差异(P 0.05)。闯入性记忆的检测中电针治疗组较西药治疗组警觉、恐惧水平有降低趋势,但无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。四种行为学测试中空白针刺组和空白对照组之间的差异无显著性(P > 0.05)。结论:固肾通督调神法电针可以改善PTSD雌性大鼠的焦虑、恐惧等行为,提高学习记忆能力,作用与帕罗西汀相当。