Consensus-Based Distributed Control with Communication Time Delays for Virtual Synchronous Generators in Isolate Microgrid

A consensus-based distributed control method of coordinated VSGs with communication time delays in isolate microgrid is proposed. When time delays are considered in communication, there are some effects on frequency restoration and active power output allocation. In the control structure, only local information exchange is needed, while the final frequency can be controlled to the nominal value and the VSGs can automatically share loads according to their rated values. An AC microgrid with three VSGs and some loads is implemented. The proposed control strategy is verified by MATLAB/ Simulink simulation results.

Distributed Synchronization of Stochastic Complex Networks with Time-Varying Delays via Randomly Occurring Control

This paper studies the distributed synchronization control problem of a class of stochastic dynamical systems with time-varying delays and random noise via randomly occurring control. The activation of the distributed adaptive controller and the update of the control gain designed in this paper all happen randomly. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, LaSalle invariance principle, combined with the use of the properties of the matrix Kronecker product, stochastic differential equation theory and other related tools, by constructing the appropriate Lyapunov functional, the criterion for the distributed synchronization of this type of stochastic complex networks in mean square is obtained.

Differential flatness-based distributed control of underactuated robot swarms

This paper proposes a distributed control method based on the differential flatness(DF) property of robot swarms. The swarm DF mapping is established for underactuated differentially flat dynamics, according to the control objective. The DF mapping refers to the fact that the system state and input of each robot can be derived algebraically from the flat outputs of the leaders and the cooperative errors and their finite order derivatives. Based on the proposed swarm DF mapping, a distributed controller is designed. The distributed implementation of swarm DF mapping is achieved through observer design. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through a numerical simulation of quadrotor swarm synchronization.

Research and Application of an Electro-hydraulic Synchronous Control System for Bridge Lifting

With the increase of bridge reconstruction schemes, synchronous lifting of a bridge is more and more widely used. In order to solve the problems associated with the synchronoas lifting of a bridge, a multi-cylinder synchronous lifting power and monitoring system has been developed. This is a distributed control system, which is com- posed of an industrial computer workstation, a programmable logical controller and a hydraulic control system. The system can achieve distributed control and centralized operation of actuators, and centralized management of infor- mation. It not only can implement multi-cylinder synchronous lifting with an unbalanced load, but also can moni- tor the pressure, displacement and stress at each lifting point. The performance of the multi-cylinder synchronous system is verified through its application to several bridge lifting engineering projects. The details of such a project are given.

An Automatic Synchronization Method for Distributed Power Electronics System

Currently, the high-speed serial fiber-optic ring net communication is a main method for performing the distributed control network topology and control mode. Because of a network transmission delay inherent in the topology, synchronization between nodes has become a critical issue which needs to be studied. The existing synchronization methods largely depend on the complex communication protocol. Therefore, this paper has proposed a method of automatic measurement and compensation of synchronization delay, and analyzed its operating principle and implementation procedure in detail. The results obtained from the experiments prove the proposed method to be correct, effective and practicable.

Research on Time-Synchronization-Based Test and Control System of Aeroengine

This paper presents a method of NTP-based time synchronization and a strategy of master-slave server structured time synchronization to ensure the test and control system of aeroengine to be time-synchronized. Based on time synchronization, the hierarchy and the integration of the measurement and control system of aeroengine are investigated. In result, our method is successfully applied for multiple front-end tests in a simulative altitude test facility of aeroengine.

Enhancement of Distributed Generation by Using Custom Power Device

Wind energy （WE） has become immensely popular for distributed generation （DG）. This case presents the monitoring, modeling, control, and analysis of the two-level three-phase WE based DG system where the electric grid interfacing custom power device （CPD） is controlled to perform the smart exchanging of electric power as per the Indian grid code. WE is connected to DC link of CPD for the grid integration purpose. The CPD based distributed static compensator, i.e. the distributed static synchronous compensator （DSTATCOM）, is utilized for injecting the wind power to the point of common coupling （PCC） and also acts against the reactive power demand. The novel indirect current control scheme of DSTATCOM regulates the power import and export between the WE and the electric grid system. It also acts as a compensator and performs both the key features simultaneously. Hence, the penetration of additional generated WE power to the grid is increased by 20% to 25%. The burden of reactive power compensation from grid is reduced by DSTATCOM. The modeling and simulation are done in MATLAB. The results are validated and verified.

The History, Trend, Types, and Mitigation of Distributed Denial of Service Attacks

Over time, the world has transformed digitally and there is total dependence on the internet. Many more gadgets are continuously interconnected in the internet ecosystem. This fact has made the Internet a global information source for every being. Despite all this, attacker knowledge by cybercriminals has advanced and resulted in different attack methodologies on the internet and its data stores. This paper will discuss the origin and significance of Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). These kinds of attacks remain the most effective methods used by the bad guys to cause substantial damage in terms of operational, reputational, and financial damage to organizations globally. These kinds of attacks have hindered network performance and availability. The victim’s network is flooded with massive illegal traffic hence, denying genuine traffic from passing through for authorized users. The paper will explore detection mechanisms, and mitigation techniques for this network threat.

Distributed attitude synchronization using backstepping and sliding mode control

We consider the problem of attitude synchronization for systems of rigid body agents with directed topologies. Two different scenarios for the rotation matrices of the agents are considered. In the first scenario, the rotations are contained in a convex subset of SO（3）, which is a ball of radius less than π/2, whereas in the second scenario the agents are contained in a subset of SO（3）, which is a ball of radius less than ~. Using a control law based on backstepping and sliding mode control, we provide distributed, semi-global, torque control laws for the agents so that the rotations asymptotically synchronize. The control laws for the agents in the first scenario only depend on the relative rotations between neighboring agents, whereas the control laws in the second scenario depend on rotations defined in a global coordinate frame, lllustrative examples are provided where the synchronization is shown for both scenarios.

Twistor-based synchronous sliding mode control of spacecraft attitude and position

A synchronous control of relative attitude and position is required in separated ultraquiet spacecraft, such as drag-free, disturbance-free, and distributed spacecraft. Thus, a twistorbased synchronous sliding mode control is investigated in this paper to solve the control problem of relative attitude and position among separated spacecraft modules. The twistor-based control design and the stability proof are implemented using the Modified Rodrigues Parameter（MRP）.To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control method, this paper presents a case study of separated spacecraft flying control considering the mass uncertainty and external disturbances. In addition, a simulation study of the Proportional-Derivative（PD） control is also presented for comparison. The results indicate that the twistor-based sliding mode controller can ensure global asymptotic stability. The states converge fast with ultra-precision and ultra-stability in both the attitude and position. Moreover, the proposed twistor-based sliding mode control system is robust to the mass uncertainty and external disturbances.

New Approach to Cluster Synchronization in Complex Dynamical Networks

In this paper, a distributed control strategy is proposed to make a complex dynamical network achieve cluster synchronization, which means that nodes in the same group achieve the same synchronization state, while nodes in different groups achieve different synchronization states. The local and global stability of the cluster synchronization state are analyzed. Moreover, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the new approach.

Investigation on full distribution CNC system based on SERCOS bus

A full distribution CNC system based on SERCOS bus is studied in accordance with the limitations of traditional PC-based motion card. The conventional PC-based motion control card is dispersed into several autonomous intelligent servo-control units with the function of servo driver. The autonomous intelligent servocontrol units realize the loop control of position, velocity and current. Interpolation computation is completed in PC and the computational results are transferred to every autonomous intelligent servo-control unit by high speed SERCOS bus. Software or hardware synchronization technology is used to ensure all servomotors are successive and synchronously running. The communication and synchronization technology of SERCOS are also researched and the autonomous intelligent servo-control card is developed byself. Finally, the experiment of circle contour process on a prototype system proves the feasibility.

基于集群动态划分的配电网无功电压自律-协同控制

针对高渗透率分布式光伏接入配电网导致的电压越限问题,以及传统集中式控制面临的通信延时、计算量大与控制设备过多等问题,提出一种基于集群动态划分的配电网无功电压自律-协同控制方法。首先,建立日前集中式无功电压优化模型,安排离散无功补偿设备投退计划,日内调度以节点电压偏差最小为目标建立日内无功电压滚动优化模型,结合同步型交替方向乘子法实现各集群间的分布式协调控制;然后,通过群内本地电压实时控制抑制群内节点电压的波动;最终,以改进的IEEE 33节点系统及某地实际60节点配电网为例,验证了该方法的正确性与有效性。

基于PI闭环反馈的EtherCAT分布式时钟漂移补偿优化

接入工业总线的设备的增加会导致高延迟等同步性问题。基于EtherCAT对分布式时钟同步算法进行研究与分析,针对其在漂移补偿过程中存在补偿精度低的问题,提出了一种基于闭环反馈控制思想的动态漂移补偿算法。算法先利用定点数改进本地时钟,再利用PI控制调节漂移补偿值。最后搭建了测试平台,包括基于SOEM实现的主站与基于STM32+FPGA架构实现的从站,优化前后的算法分别在FPGA中实现。测试结果表明:定点数改进的本地时钟分辨率可以达到2^(-20) ns, PI闭环反馈优化后的漂移补偿算法可以将同步误差降低到25 ns之内,明显提高从站之间的同步性能。

基于反推控制的永磁同步电机稳定性单矢量控制策略

针对永磁同步电机传统单矢量控制需遍历所有基本矢量且忽略控制稳定性的问题,该文提出基于反推控制的永磁同步电机稳定性单矢量控制策略。首先,在建立dq0坐标系下永磁同步电机数学模型的基础上,推导设计常规反推控制器;其次,根据反推控制器获取的控制电压确定最优电压矢量所在扇区,并通过数学推导证明每个扇区内必有一个稳定的基本电压矢量可供选择,提出通过基本电压矢量对应Lyapunov函数导数值两两比较的最优基本电压矢量选取方法;然后,对选取包括最优基本电压矢量在内的不同基本电压矢量时的控制性能进行对比分析;最后,对提出的控制策略进行仿真和实验验证。结果表明,在驱动恒转矩、恒惯量负载和变转矩、变惯量涡簧负载的多个场景下,该文提出的控制策略均能有效追踪参考转速,并且与传统模型预测电流控制相比,所提控制策略的稳定性更强、输出量波动更小。

考虑转供与重构协同的多端柔性互联配电网供电恢复策略

柔性互联装置(FID)实现配电网不同馈线之间的柔性互联,可实现故障后配电网的快速恢复供电。该文以含直流网络的四端柔性互联配电网为研究对象,提出基于FID和网络重构的多端柔性互联配电网两阶段供电恢复策略。首先,在分析FID运行模式工作原理的基础上,提出了故障快速转供的FID平滑控制结构和考虑开关同期并网控制虚拟同步发电机(VSG)控制策略,支撑故障后第一阶段FID的快速供电恢复;然后,通过建立和求解考虑联络开关和FID容量限制的全局优化模型得出FID与网络重构相结合的第二阶段供电恢复策略,更大限度地恢复失电负荷;最后,利用PSCAD/MTDC仿真软件搭建了一个58节点四端含直流网络的柔性配电系统进行仿真验证。结果表明,所述供电恢复策略不仅能实现部分负荷的不停电转供,还能够通过网络重构大幅提高负荷恢复水平。

分布时滞脉冲控制策略的混沌神经网络的同步

提出一个新的分布时滞脉冲控制器,研究具有分布时滞的混沌神经网络的同步。基于新的脉冲时滞不等式,建立混沌神经网络的同步准则。通过数值算例,验证了分布时滞控制的有效性。

面向新能源场站的分布式调相机励磁配置与控制优化

为解决新能源场站的暂态过电压问题,越来越多的新型分布式调相机被应用于工程现场,励磁系统作为调相机启动和运行的重要组成部分,往往也是系统设计时所考虑的重中之重。针对分布式调相机本身容量小、惰速快等特点,本文提出了综合励磁的硬件配置方式,即使用一套功率柜完成启动、升压并网及运行的全工况任务;同时为增加调相机启动并网的可靠性和快速性,提出了变参数运行和不停机快速升压并网的励磁优化控制策略,并针对性地介绍了与之适配的对外接口、控制流程等。搭建了10Mvar调相机启动系统动模试验平台并进行了功能测试,验证了综合励磁配置和控制优化方法的有效性和优越性。目前,采用本文所述方法研制的综合励磁系统已在10Mvar调相机工程现场成功应用并稳定运行。

抑制高压直流故障引起风电场暂态过电压控制策略

针对高压直流系统故障时引起送端风电场暂态过电压问题,分析了直流故障对送端暂态电压变化的影响机理,发现故障后交流系统无功盈余是造成电压骤升的根本原因。提出了一种基于分布式调相机和双馈风机(DFIG)无功电压协调控制策略,在风电场并网母线处配置新能源分布式调相机,利用其独特的无功调节特性稳定风电场并网电压,提高风电场的低压或高压穿越能力;在直流系统发生换相失败和直流闭锁严重故障时,DFIG通过改变网侧和转子侧变流器无功参考参与系统无功调节,配合分布式调相机改善故障期间系统电压,并在故障后稳态期间控制DFIG风电场退出无功调节,确保故障恢复后风电场的经济运行。通过PSCAD软件仿真结果表明:在系统发生换相失败和直流闭锁故障后,提出的无功协调控制策略可有效抑制故障后风电场暂态电压变化,提升了风机运行可靠性和经济性。