Excessive 5-year weight gain predicts metabolic syndrome development in healthy middle-aged adults

AIM:To quantitatively examine the impacts of an easyto-measure parameter-weight gain-on metabolic syndrome development among middle-aged adults. METHODS:We conducted a five-year interval observational study.A total of 1384 middle-aged adults not meeting metabolic syndrome(MetS)criteria at the initial screening were included in our analysis.Baseline data such as MetS-components and lifestyle factors were collected in 2002.Body weight and MetS-components were measured in both 2002 and 2007.Participants were classified according to proximal quartiles of weight gain(WG)in percentages(%WG≤1%,1%< %WG≤5%,5%<%WG≤10%and%WG>10%, defined as:control,mild-WG,moderate-WG and severe-WG groups,respectively)at the end of the follow-up. Multivariate models were used to assess the association between MetS outcome and excessive WG in the total population,as well as in both genders. RESULTS:In total,175(12.6%)participants fulfilled MetS criteria within five years.In comparison to the control group,mild-WG adults had an insignificant risk for MetS development while adults having moderate-WG had a 3.0-fold increased risk for progression to MetS [95%confidence interval(CI),1.8-5.1],and this risk was increased 5.4-fold(95%CI,3.0-9.7)in subjects having severe-WG.For females having moderate-and severe-WG,the risk for developing MetS was 3.6(95% CI,1.03-12.4)and 5.5(95%CI,1.4-21.4),respectively. For males having moderate-and severe-WG,the odds ratio for MetS outcome was respectively 3.0(95%CI, 1.6-5.5)and 5.2(95%CI,2.6-10.2). CONCLUSION:For early-middle-aged healthy adults with a five-year weight gain over 5%,the severity of weight gain is related to the risk for developing metabolic syndrome.

Study on the correlation between CD80/CD163 and clinical prognosis and the syndrome differentiation in patients with colorectal cancer

Background:To analyze the expression of cluster of differentiation 80(CD80)/cluster of differentiation 163(CD163)in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients and their correlation with the syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine,pathology and prognosis.Methods:(1)The correlation between the pathological characteristics of 232 postoperative CRC patients and the deficiency and excess syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine was analyzed using the chi-square test,Spearman’s correlation,and Cox regression methods.(2)Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of CD80 and CD163 in cancer and paracancer tissues of CRC patients.(3)The relationships between the changes of CD80 and CD163 and the prognosis of CRC patients with deficiency syndrome.Patient survival were analyzed using cardinality and Cox regression proportional-hazards model regression.Results:(1)The degree of differentiation and tumor node metastasis stage of CRC were statistically different between patients with deficiency and excess syndromes(P<0.05);carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were highly expressed in the excess syndrome group,and both were significantly correlated with the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes(P<0.001);deficiency and excess syndromes,and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were all independent factors affecting the postoperative survival of CRC patients.(2)The distribution of post-operative survival in CRC patients was significantly correlated with the distribution of the disease type(P<0.001).(3)The expression levels of CD163 protein and message RNA were significantly higher in CRC cancer tissues than in paraneoplastic tissues(P<0.001);whereas the expression of CD80 was significantly higher in paraneoplastic tissues than in cancer tissues(P<0.001).(4)The expression levels of CD80/CD163 were significantly different in different parts of the tissues of patients with deficiency and excess syndromes(P<0.001).(5)CRC patients with high CD80 expression and low CD163 expression had longer survival cycles(P<0.001).Conclusion:The malignant progression of CRC patients with deficiency syndrome is faster than that with excess syndrome.The correlation between deficiency and excess syndromes and the expression levels of CD80 and CD163 could be an independent risk factor for the survival prognosis of patients with CRC.

Clinical relevance of Chinese syndrome factors and thromboelastography levels in patients with phlegm-heat and fu-organ excess syndrome

Objective:Syndrome differentiation is a unique part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Syndrome factors play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of TCM syndromes.Thromboelastography(TEG)intuitively reflects the blood status of patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)and is important in the treatment and prognosis of AIS.To identify the relationship between TCM syndrome factors and TEG in AIS patients and standardize TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment objectives,we designed a prospective cohort study of 103 AIS patients.Methods:We used the diagnostic criteria for AIS in the Chinese Guideline for Diagnosis and Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke 2010.Diagnosis of phlegm-heat and fu-organ excess syndrome was based on the TCM Scale for the Syndrome of Phlegm-heat and fu-organ Excess.The ischemic Stroke TCM Syndrome Factor Diagnostic Scale was used to identify and diagnose syndrome factors.General information,scores of syndrome factors and values of TEG parameters of all enrolled patients were recorded.Results:There were significant differences in internal fire and phlegm-dampness scores between patients with and without phlegm-heat and fu-organ excess syndrome(P<.05).In patients with phlegm-heat and fu-organ excess syndrome,internal fire was negatively correlated with TEG parameters R and K(P<.05)and positively correlated with alpha Angle and coagulation index(P<.01).There were no significant correlations between the two syndrome factors and MA(P Z.058)and LY30(P>.05)or between both syndrome factors and TEG parameters in patients without phlegm-heat and fu-organ excess syndrome.Conclusion:The syndrome factor internal fire is a potential predictor of increased platelet function and fibrinogen activity in AIS patients with phlegm-heat and fu-organ excess,and a potentially important predictor of blood hypercoagulability in TCM.

Factors Associated with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome under CPAP Treatment

The purpose of this study was to assess factors associated with subjective sleep evaluation, chiefly excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) adult outpatients under continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. One thousand and forty-eight OSAS outpatients (mean age: 51.4% male: 90.5%) who were treated by CPAP were consecutively collected. Age, sex, CPAP compliance (CPAP usage as their device of nights with application-time of at least 4 hours per night objectively;%usage ≥ 4 h/d), and Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-J) of the patients showing EDS (Japanese version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale;JESS ≥ 11) were compared cross-sectionally with those of the patients who did not show EDS (JESS < 11). Nineteen point two % of all patients showed EDS subjectively. Two hundred one patients were classified to an EDS(+) group and an 847 patients were classified to EDS(–) group. Age and global PSQI-J scores were significantly different between the two groups. Logistic regression showed that EDS was significantly associated with global PSQI-J scores, but not with age. Among PSQI-J components, overall sleep quality, duration of sleep, sleep disturbance, and day dysfunction due to sleepiness were significantly higher in the EDS(+) group. Especially, 19.4% of patient in the EDS(+) group reported actual sleep time during the past month to be less than 5 hours/day. Although functional relationship should be further evaluated, insufficient sleep is the main factor associated with EDS in the OSAS patients under CPAP treatment.

Severe Ectopic Cushing’s Syndrome Due to ACTH-Secreting Pheochromocytoma

We report a new case of ectopic Cushing’s syndrome caused by an ACTH-producing pheochromocytoma. A 55-year-old woman presented with a history of severe proximal muscle weakness, polyuria, progressive virilization, anxiety, dyspnea on exercise, difficult to treat hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus since 4 months. The laboratory data demonstrated ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism. The abdominal computed tomography scan showed a 30 mm well-defined mass in the left adrenal gland suggestive for pheochromocytoma. The adrenal veins were sampled, with intraprocedural cortisol measurement, to dosing selective ACTH and cathecolamines. The results established clearly the left adrenal gland as the source of ACTH overproduction. A left sided adrenalectomy was performed with subsequent resolution of Cushing’s syndrome. The patient was discharged in good clinical condition.

Abnormal expression and significance of circ-CBLB/miR-486-5p in patients with rheumatoid arthritis of spleen deficiency and dampness excess type

Objective:To explore the abnormal expression and significance of circ-CBLB/miR-486-5p in patients with rheumatoid arthritis of spleen deficiency and dampness excess type.Methods:The 30 healthy individuals included in the method were from the Physical Examination Center of Anhui Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and the 60 rheumatoid arthritis patients included were from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The disease activity score of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was evaluated using VAS score and DAS28 score,joint symptoms and spleen deficiency syndrome score were evaluated using graded quantification method,immune inflammation indicators were detected using relevant instruments,inflammatory cytokines were detected using ELISA method,macrophage markers were detected using FCM method,and pathway gene expression was detected using RT-qPCR;Evaluate the predictive effect of circ-CBLB and miR-486-5p on disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis using ROC curves.Results:(1)miR-486-5p,CD14^(+)CD86^(+),ESR,CRP,RF,Anti CCP Ab,IL-6,TNF in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-αThe levels of circ-CBLB,CD14^(+)CD163^(+),IL-4,and IL-10 were significantly higher than those of healthy individuals;(2)The expression level of circ-CBLB in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is positively correlated with CD14^(+)CD163^(+),and negatively correlated with miR-486-5p and CD14^(+)CD86^(+);The expression level of miR-486-5p is negatively correlated with CD14^(+)CD163^(+)and positively correlated with CD14^(+)CD86^(+);There is a negative correlation between CD14^(+)CD86^(+)and CD14^(+)CD163^(+);ESR is negatively correlated with circ-CBLB,and positively correlated with miR-486-5p,CD14^(+)CD86^(+),CRP;CRP is negatively correlated with circ-CBLB,CD14^(+)CD163^(+),and positively correlated with CD14^(+)CD86^(+),ESR;(3)The expression level of circ-CBLB in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is negatively correlated with joint tenderness,morning stiffness,lack of qi and lazy speech,and postprandial abdominal distension score;The expression level of miR-486-5p is positively correlated with the scores of joint tenderness and decreased appetite.(4)The ROC curve shows that in terms of circ-CBLB,ESR,CRP,VAS,and DAS28 AUC are 0.662(P=0.032),0.658(P=0.035),0.516(P=0.830),and 0.791(P=0.000),respectively.In terms of miR-486-5p,ESR,CRP,VAS,and DAS28 AUC were 0.566(P=0.385),0.511(P=0.883),0.592(P=0.223),and 0.727(P=0.003),respectively.Conclusion:The abnormal expression of circ CBLB and miR-486-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients with rheumatoid arthritis of spleen deficiency and dampness excess type is related to inflammatory polarization markers,immune inflammation,disease activity,joint symptoms and spleen deficiency syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis,and the low expression of circ CBLB and high expression of miR-486-5p have certain predictive value for disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis.

肿瘤患者呼吸道多重耐药菌感染中医证型及易感因素研究

【目的】探讨呼吸道多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者的中医证候分布特点及易感因素。【方法】采用病例对照研究方法,以痰细菌培养阳性的250例呼吸道多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者为多耐组,以痰细菌培养阳性的250例呼吸道非多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者为对照组,收集2组患者的年龄、性别、临床相关检查结果及既往抗菌药物使用状况等临床资料,分析呼吸道多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者的中医证候分布特点和易感因素。【结果】(1)易感因素方面:单因素分析结果提示,2组间的高血压史、糖尿病史、冠心病史、化疗周期、抗菌药物使用时间、白蛋白、血红蛋白比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,以上变量均是肿瘤患者呼吸道多重耐药菌感染的危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(2)病原菌分布方面:肿瘤患者呼吸道多重耐药菌感染最常见致病菌排前3位的依次为鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌。(3)中医证候分布方面:实证方面,多耐组痰浊阻肺、热陷心包、痰热蕴肺的证型表现均较对照组严重,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);虚证方面,多耐组脾肾两虚、肺肾两虚、肝肾阴虚及心肾阳虚的证型表现均较对照组严重,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】合并基础病、化疗周期长、抗菌药物使用时间长、低水平白蛋白及低血红蛋白为肿瘤患者发生呼吸道多重耐药菌感染的危险因素;相对于非多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者,多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者病情较重,中医证型以虚实夹杂型为主,而非多重耐药菌感染肿瘤患者以实证居多。

中医滋阴潜阳法对多囊卵巢综合征伴胰岛素抵抗大鼠PI3K/Akt信号通路、性激素及胰岛素相关指标的影响

目的探讨中医滋阴潜阳法对多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS)伴胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)大鼠的磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B(phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,PI3K/Akt)信号通路、性激素及胰岛素相关指标的影响。方法以来曲唑加高脂饲料诱导建立多囊卵巢及胰岛素抵抗双重大鼠模型。采用滋阴潜阳法配合达英-35及二甲双胍干预,用免疫荧光法测定卵巢PI3K、Akt通路信号,实时荧光定量PCR检测卵巢PI3K、Akt途径信号分子mRNA表达及PI3K、Akt、胰岛素受体底物-1(insulin receptor substrate 1,IRS-1)、胰岛素受体(insulin receptor,INSR)蛋白表达,性激素、胰岛素生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1),胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index,ISI),观察卵巢组织形态变化。结果中医滋阴潜阳法能显著增加卵巢PI3K、Akt mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),并能显著增加卵巢PI3K、Akt蛋白表达,上调IRS-1、INSR,降低血清睾酮(testos teron,T)、促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)含量,调节ISI,增加卵巢颗粒细胞层数及黄体组织数量。结论中医滋阴潜阳法可提高PI3K/Akt通路信号表达水平,改善胰岛素抵抗及卵泡颗粒细胞功能,调节促黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素(LH/FSH)比值,控制LH异常增高,调节多囊卵巢综合征及胰岛素抵抗。

围手术期中医证候虚实变化研究进展

证候是中医理论体系的基石,是中医临床研究的基础,证候的变化与转归又是中医临床疗效的重要评价指标,中医临床诊治基于整体观念,实施个体化辨证论治,注重改善患者的各类临床症状和体征,而手术为西方医学的治疗手段,中医药联合手术为患者提供综合性治疗,观察疾病围手术期证候变化,不仅为中西医结合治疗提供理论指导,同时作为临床疗效评价指标,能够切实评价临床干预手段的有效性以及判断疾病预后。现以心血管疾病、肿瘤疾病、骨伤疾病、脑血管疾病以及其他疾病五个方向,分别论述疾病围手术期证候的虚实变化情况,对手术干预方式与证候变化的相关性研究提供启发,为中西医结合证候研究提供切入点。

参苓健脾饮治疗脾虚湿盛型慢性乙型病毒性肝炎临床研究

目的观察参苓健脾饮治疗脾虚湿盛型慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者的临床效果及对肝功能指标、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA水平、肝脏硬度的影响。方法将70例脾虚湿盛型慢性乙型肝炎患者随机平均分为两组,对照组给予保肝、降酶、抗病毒治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上给予参苓健脾饮治疗。治疗3个月后观察两组患者中医证候评分、肝功能、肝脏硬度、血清病毒载量等情况。结果治疗后治疗组中医证候评分、肝功能各指标、肝脏硬度均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论参苓健脾饮联合恩替卡韦分散片在改善脾虚湿盛型慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者中医证候、肝功能、肝硬度值方面效果优于单用恩替卡韦分散片。

脾虚湿盛证动物模型构建方法探析

近年来,脾虚湿盛证动物模型的构建已成为中医证候研究的热点。脾虚湿盛证病位在脾,病性为虚与湿,因此模型的构建较为复杂,目前尚无公认的动物模型。现从脾虚湿盛证模型构建的思路方法及模型评价指标2个维度为核心对当前研究进行探析与总结,研究表明脾虚湿盛证动物模型常选用饮食失宜、久居湿地及劳倦过度等因素从病因角度进行模型构建,造模方法分为单因素、双因素与混合多因素;脾虚湿盛证模型评价指标常以症状及表证进行宏观与证候评价、多通过疲劳指标、胃肠功能指标及水液代谢指标进行客观评价;并从脾虚湿盛模型证候命名、模型证候评价标准及构建模型的方法剖析目前模型构建存在的问题、以此讨论并分析脾虚湿盛证动物模型未来的发展方向,以期为脾虚湿盛证动物模型的研究提供参考,为研究者提供便利。

缺血性脑卒中痰热腑实证大鼠模型的建立与评价

背景:中医药在治疗缺血性脑卒中痰热腑实证中具有丰富的经验和独特的优势,为深入挖掘中医药对该病的治疗靶点和治疗机制,建立稳定、可靠的缺血性脑卒中痰热腑实证病证结合动物模型是关键。目的:探讨缺血性脑卒中痰热腑实证大鼠模型的建立方法及评价体系。方法:采用随机数字表法将60只SD大鼠随机分为4组:空白对照组(n=12)、缺血性脑卒中组(n=18)给予普通饲料喂养25 d,病证结合组(n=18)、痰热腑实证组(n=12)给予高脂饲料喂养25 d;第26天,空白对照组、缺血性脑卒中组灌胃给予生理盐水,病证结合组、痰热腑实证组灌胃给予自体粪便混悬液,连续灌胃3 d(灌胃期间继续给予高脂饲料);灌胃结束后,缺血性脑卒中组、病证结合组采用线栓法建立缺血性脑卒中模型,记录各组大鼠饮食量、饮水量、体质量、体温、粪便性状、鼻分泌物、喉中痰鸣、舌象等表征变化。造模结束后24 h,进行神经功能缺损评分、舌象表征、血脂水平检测、脑组织及颈动脉形态学观察以及血清胃动素和生长抑素水平检测。结果与结论:(1)与空白对照组比较,病证结合组大鼠呼吸急促、精神萎靡、烦躁、行动迟缓,鼻周可见大量分泌物、可闻及厚重的喉中痰鸣,饮食量、饮水量下降,体质量、体温及舌下脉络评分升高,粪便粒数、Bristol评分及粪便含水率降低;血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及生长抑素水平升高,胃动素水平降低,神经功能缺损评分升高,颈动脉发生显著病理改变,脑组织显示明显缺血形态学改变。缺血性脑卒中组仅能造成缺血性脑组织病理改变,不能复制出痰热腑实证的证候特征。痰热腑实证组能复制出典型的中医证候特征,但不能构建出缺血性脑卒中的脑组织病理改变。(2)结果表明,高脂诱导结合线栓法及自体粪便灌胃的多因素复合造模方法,可建立缺血性脑卒中痰热腑实证病证结合动物模型。

高海拔地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期中医证素关联分析

目的探讨高海拔环境下慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)中医实证证素与人口学特征和临床医学资料之间的相关性。方法选取2020年10月至2021年9月青海省中医院肺病科住院患者634例,收集患者资料进行中医辨证,从证型提取证素,采用多因素Logistic回归分析各证素与人口学特征和临床医学资料之间的相关性。结果证素痰与血红蛋白(Hb)[OR=0.984,95%CI(0.977~0.992),P<0.001]呈负相关;证素饮与年龄[OR=1.041,95%CI(1.004~1.081),P=0.031]、AE次数[OR=1.288,95%CI(1.032~1.608),P=0.025]、AE时间[OR=1.036,95%CI(1.009~1.064),P=0.010]、肌钙蛋白[OR=1.015,95%CI(1.003~1.028),P=0.014]、IgM[OR=2.655,95%CI(1.317~5.352),P=0.006]呈正相关;证素浊与AE时间[OR=0.918,95%CI(0.857~0.984),P=0.016]、Hb[OR=0.967,95%CI(0.947~0.987),P=0.038]呈负相关,与血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))[OR=1.088,95%CI(1.005~1.179),P=0.002]、C3[OR=21.177,95%CI(2.12~211.517),P=0.009]呈正相关;证素瘀与mMRC(4)[OR=0.127,95%CI(0.019~0.835),P=0.032]、PLT[OR=0.995,95%CI(0.991~0.998),P=0.005]呈负相关,与PaCO_(2)[OR=1.048,95%CI(1.002~1.096),P=0.039]、Hb[OR=1.018,95%CI(1.008~1.027),P<0.001]呈正相关;证素湿与Hb[OR=1.022,95%CI(1.006~1.039),P=0.007]、降钙素原(PCT)[OR=1.802,95%CI(1.056~3.076),P=0.031]呈正相关。结论AECOPD实证证素为:痰>瘀>热>饮>浊>湿,证素以“痰”“瘀”为主。年龄越大、AE次数越多、AE时间越长、肌钙蛋白增高、IgM升高,证素饮出现的可能性较大;SaO_(2)及补体C3升高,证素浊出现的可能性较大,补体C3与证素浊有显著的相关性;PaCO_(2)及Hb升高,证素瘀出现的可能性较大;Hb与PCT同时升高,证素湿出现的可能性较大。

基于R语言探析吕晓东教授治疗喘证及从虚实辨证施治用药规律

目的基于R语言和IBM SPSS Statistics 23,整理并探析吕晓东教授治疗喘证处方的组方用药规律,并从虚实入手分析喘证辨证治疗异同,为喘证中药治疗提供新思路。方法筛选2019年11月—2022年11月就诊于辽宁中医药大学附属医院吕晓东教授门诊的喘证病例,采用R语言进行数据挖掘分析。结果筛选出133个处方,183味中药,累计使用总频次为2686次,使用频次排名前10的中药主要为解表药与化痰止咳平喘药,性味归经得出药性以寒、温为主,药味多为甘、苦、辛,主归肺、肝经。相关系数最高为温阳解表药对,关联分析得出核心药物为杏仁、桔梗、麻黄,其中杏仁-桔梗为最高频使用药对,聚类分析以疏肝理气药、宣肺平喘药、温阳滋肾药、散瘀祛邪药为主。结论吕晓东教授治疗喘证善于基于理肺加以辨证施治,如配合疏肝、滋肾、化里邪、调阴阳之法。以杏仁、桔梗、麻黄为核心药物组方,以解表药、化痰止咳平喘药为主,在此基础上实喘证加入平肝熄风药、清热药、活血祛瘀药,虚喘证加滋肾填阴药、温里补阳药,总结归纳出实喘善从表里同治调气机、虚喘善从阴阳入手补本虚,为临床治疗提供参考。

白虎二至汤治疗热盛阴虚型糖尿病肾病Ⅲ期临床观察

目的 观察白虎二至汤对热盛阴虚型糖尿病肾病(DKD)Ⅲ期患者的临床疗效。方法 将66例DKD患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,各33例。对照组采用缬沙坦胶囊治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗上加用白虎二至汤,观察2组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、尿蛋白/肌酐比(UACR)、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)以及中医证候积分水平。结果 治疗组有效率显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后2组患者的2 h PG、HbA1c、UACR、BUN、Scr及中医证候积分水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 白虎二至汤可显著改善早期糖尿病肾病患者的临床症状及中医证候,控制血糖水平,改善肾功能,延缓患者疾病进展,提高患者生活质量。

基于虚实辨证的大肠癌血瘀证中医药治疗和作用机制研究进展

血瘀证是大肠癌患者常见的中医证型,血瘀贯穿于大肠癌发生发展的各个阶段,活血化瘀法是临床治疗大肠癌的常用方法。从因虚致瘀、由实成瘀两个角度探讨大肠癌血瘀证的病因病机和临床治疗,并从增殖凋亡、血管新生、细胞自噬、侵袭转移、免疫调节、微循环障碍等方面综述活血化瘀中药治疗大肠癌血瘀证的作用机制,以期为临床使用活血化瘀法治疗大肠癌提供依据。

发作性睡病的中医临床诊治现状

综述发作性睡病的中医临床诊治现状。发作性睡病是一种罕见的睡眠障碍性疾病,与中医学“嗜睡”“多寐”“嗜卧”“多卧”“善眠”“但欲寐”等症状相似。本病病位在心和脑,以虚证为主,主要有脾虚湿困型、心肾不足型、阳气虚弱型、髓海不足型;兼见实证,主要有肝胆郁热型、痰浊阻滞型、风邪阻络型、气滞血瘀型、心火亢盛型。对于发作性睡病的治疗,在辨证论治的同时,还需将辨病与辨证相结合,也可运用针灸疗法。

态靶辨证在胃肠实热型糖尿病合并高脂血症中的应用:基于大黄黄连泻心汤加红曲、生山楂

糖尿病是一种临床常见病,合并症很多,其中合并高脂血症较为常见。糖尿病合并高脂血症属中医“消渴”合并“痰证”“浊证”“瘀证”等范畴。仝小林院士基于多年临床研究把糖尿病的发展过程分为郁、热、虚、损4个阶段,胃肠实热为“热”阶段的常见证型,临床症状多见脘腹胀满、口干、口渴、口臭、大便秘结、舌红、苔黄燥、脉沉实等。此类患者以热为态,治疗需清热通腑以调态,主方选用大黄黄连泻心汤;若合并高脂血症,以痰浊为靶,用红曲、生山楂化浊降脂以打靶。针对胃肠实热型糖尿病合并高脂血症,运用态靶辨证既能调患者实热之态,又可对痰浊症状精准打靶。

基于“理法方穴术”探讨武连仲教授治疗儿童抽动秽语综合征经验

[目的]总结武连仲教授治疗儿童抽动秽语综合征的理、法、方、穴、术。[方法]通过跟师临证学习及整理医案,总结武老对儿童抽动秽语综合征的理解及辨证治疗思路,并举验案加以佐证。[结果]武老认为,儿童抽动秽语综合征的理为“实则阳明,虚则少阴”;法为“清泻阳明,补益少阴”;方常用黄连温胆汤合白虎汤加减以“清泻阳明”,六味地黄丸加减以“补益少阴”;形成了君臣佐使配伍合理的选穴处方;探索了提插捻转、补泻得当的针刺操作方法。治疗中时时注意小儿特殊的生理特点,临床疗效颇佳;所附验案属于“实则阳明”案,法、方、穴、术以“清泻阳明”为主,标本同治,获得了临床痊愈的理想效果。[结论]武老基于“理法方穴术”治疗儿童抽动秽语综合征,临床疗效肯定,扩展丰富了儿童抽动秽语综合征的辨治体系,值得临床推广学习。

痰热腑实证大鼠模型建立的条件探索

目的设置不同的高脂饮食模式以建立痰热腑实证大鼠模型,探讨不同造模条件对模型质量的影响。方法随机将36只雄性SD大鼠分为A组、B组、C组,每组12只。A组给予普通维持饲料、B组给予高脂饲料、C组给予普通维持饲料+高脂乳剂灌胃,造模周期28 d;于造模的第26天起给予B、C组大鼠自体粪便混悬液灌胃,连续3 d。比较三组大鼠一般指标、舌象指标、粪便指标和血脂水平。结果与A组比较,B、C组大鼠的日均饮食量和饮水量均较少(均P<0.05);B、C组大鼠日均饮食量和饮水量差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。造模第1、2周,三组大鼠体重差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);造模第3周,A、B两组大鼠体重均大于C组大鼠(均P<0.05);造模第4周,B组、A组、C组大鼠体重依次降低(均P<0.05)。造模第1周,C组大鼠体温低于A、B组(均P<0.05);造模第2周,B组大鼠体温高于A、C组大鼠;造模第3周,B、C组大鼠体温均高于A组;造模第4周,B组大鼠体温高于A、C组大鼠(均P<0.05)。末次灌胃后,B、C组大鼠舌象R、G、B值均低于A组大鼠,B、C组大鼠舌下脉络评分均高于A组大鼠(均P<0.05)。与A组比较,B、C两组大鼠粪便粒数、粪便湿重、Bristol分级量表(BSFS)评分均减少/降低(均P<0.05);B、C组大鼠粪便粒数、粪便湿重、BSFS评分差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。粪便灌胃后,与A组比较,B组血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均升高(均P<0.05),C组血清TC、LDL-C水平均升高(均P<0.05);B、C组大鼠血清LDL-C、TC、TG、HDL-L水平差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论与普通维持饲料+高脂乳剂灌胃+自体粪便混悬液灌胃法相比,高脂饲料喂养+自体粪便混悬液灌胃法造模能复制出体征症候更明显、稳定性更强、齐同性更好的痰热腑实证动物模型。