Synthesis and Characterization of Triangular-pyramidal Bismuth Oxide via a One-step Chemical Precipitation Route

Triangular-pyramidal ω-Bi2O3 is successfully synthesized via a one-step wet-chemical method.XRD,SEM,and UV-vis have been employed to characterize the as-prepared samples.Structural characterization by XRD confirms the formation of triclinic ω-Bi2O3 with high purity.The well-defined flowerlike Bi2O3 structures consisted of many triangular-pyramids are formed.Preparative parameters,such as concentration of PEG 6000,have great effects on the morphology and the particle size.The obvious absorption edge for ω-Bi2O3 powder is located at about 493 nm,which corresponds to the optical band gap energy of2.73 eV.

Synthesis of condensed polynuclear aromatic resin from furfural extract oil of reduced-pressure route Ⅱ

As an industrial byproduct of oil refining,furfural extract oil from reduced-pressure route Ⅱ with high aromatic content was used to prepare heat-resistant condensed polynuclear aromatic（COPNA） resin for the first time.The basic properties of furfural extract oil and the resultant COPNA resin were characterized by infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）,nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（1H-NMR）,thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and elemental analysis（EA）.The result showed that heat treated furfural extract oil was successfully used for the synthesis of heat-resistant COPNA resin.The average structural parameters of raw materials and prepared resin were calculated by the improved Brown-Ladner method,and the averaged molecular structure of the resin was obtained.The reaction mechanism for the synthesis of COPNA resin was suggested as an acid-catalyzed positive ion type polymerization.

Simple and High-Yield Synthesis of a Thinner Layer of Graphenic Carbon from Coconut Shells

Biomass has become of recent interest as a raw material for‘green’graphenic carbon(GC)since it promotes an environmentally friendly approach.Here,we investigate a single pyrolysis route to synthesize GC from coconut shells which provides a simple method and can produce a high yield,thus being convenient for large-scale pro-duction.The pyrolysis involves a stepped holding process at 350℃ for 1 h and at 650℃ or 900℃ for 3 h.The GC sample resulted at the 900℃ pyrolysis has a thinner sheet,a less porous structure,a higher C/O ratio,and an enhanced electrical conductivity than those pyrolyzed at 650℃.The addition of Na3PO4 catalyst has no signifi-cant effects on the GC structures obtained by this route.The single pyrolysis route generates thinner GC sheets compared to the two-step heat treatment followed by the liquid phase exfoliation(LPE)procedure.Nevertheless,the latter method offers a formation of clean samples with a porous or holey feature which has potential for advanced energy-storage applications.

A New Orthorhombic Phase of ZrW_(1.6) Mo_(0.4)O_8 at Ambient Pressure

Nanocrystallite δ ′ ZrW 1.6 Mo 0.4 O 8 was prepared in the precursor route synthesis. The characterization by means of powder X ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) showed it crystallized in a orthorhombic crystal system with a =0.896 9(7) nm, b =0.701 1(8) nm, c =0.596(1) nm. The possible space group is Pnnm (58) or Pnn2 (34). The compound crystallizes in a metastable phase during the synthesis process depending on temperature and crystallization time.